Role of social structure in establishment of an invasive large mammal after translocation     

Lindsay M. Clontz  Anni Yang  Sarah M. Chinn  Kim M. Pepin  Kurt C. VerCauteren  George Wittemyer  Ryan S. Miller  James C. Beasley 《Pest management science》2023,79(10):3819-3829

Background

Data on the movement behavior of translocated wild pigs is needed to develop appropriate response strategies for containing and eliminating new source populations following translocation events. We conducted experimental trials to compare the home range establishment and space-use metrics, including the number of days and distance traveled before becoming range residents, for wild pigs translocated with their social group and individually.

Results

We found wild pigs translocated with their social group made less extensive movements away from the release location and established a stable home range ~5 days faster than those translocated individually. We also examined how habitat quality impacted the home range sizes of translocated wild pigs and found wild pigs maintained larger ranges in areas with higher proportion of low-quality habitat.

Conclusion

Collectively, our findings suggest translocations of invasive wild pigs have a greater probability of establishing a viable population near the release site when habitat quality is high and when released with members of their social unit compared to individuals moved independent of their social group or to low-quality habitat. However, all wild pigs translocated in our study made extensive movements from their release location, highlighting the potential for single translocation events of either individuals or groups to have far-reaching consequences within a much broader landscape beyond the location where they are released. These results highlight the challenges associated with containing populations in areas where illegal introduction of wild pigs occurs, and the need for rapid response once releases are identified. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Hystricomorph Rodent Analgesia     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2023,26(1):175-186

  相似文献   

Evaluation of transpulmonary ultrasound dilution cardiac output in piglets: accuracy,precision and trending ability with room temperature injectate     

《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2023,50(2):163-169

ObjectiveTranspulmonary ultrasound dilution (TPUD) is a minimally invasive technique to measure cardiac output (CO) using a 1 mL kg^–1 isotonic 37 °C saline injectate indicator. The objective was to evaluate the performance of TPUD using a room temperature saline injectate.Study designProspective experimental trial.AnimalsA total of seven anesthetized male Yorkshire piglets.MethodsPiglets aged 1 month and weighing 7.7–9.0 kg were anesthetized with detomidine–ketamine–hydromorphone–isoflurane and a pulmonary artery flow probe (PAFP) placed via a median sternotomy. The thoracic cavity remained open during measurement of CO by PAFP and TPUD. The TPUD indicators of 1 mL kg^–1 0.9% saline at 37 °C and 20 °C were compared during infusions of phenylephrine and dobutamine, blood withdrawal and replacement. Bias, limits of agreement (LoAs) and percentage error (PE) between each iteration of PAFP and TPUD were measured with Bland–Altman plots. Trending ability via concordance, angular bias and radial LoA were compared.ResultsBland–Altman plots showed negligible bias with varying LoAs. PEs of 22% and 38% were found for 37 °C and 20 °C saline injectates, respectively. In the four-quadrant plots, the concordance rate was 94% and 100% for measurements obtained with 37 °C and 20 °C saline injectates, respectively. Angular bias for both were < ±5 °, with radial LoA < ±7 °.ConclusionsTPUD was accurate when using 1 mL kg^–1 of isotonic saline at 37 °C in a range of CO within 0.2–0.8 L minute^–1, and it reliably tracked positive and negative changes in CO. Room temperature (20 °C) indicator was less accurate but equally able to track direction of changes in CO.Clinical relevanceThe use of room temperature injectates allows an easy, readily available clinical application of TPUD CO monitoring while preserving the trending ability of the monitor.  相似文献   

基于物联网的生猪质量安全追溯技术研究与应用     

罗卫强  郑业鲁  王永  韩威威  李泽  李小军 《计算机与农业》2011,(12):8-11,23

集成现代物联网技术,探索出一套符合东莞市生猪质量安全监控需求的物联网技术应用模式,并展望了农产品追溯的发展趋势。  相似文献   

基于改进DeepSORT的群养生猪行为识别与跟踪方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

涂淑琴  刘晓龙  梁云  张宇  黄磊  汤寅杰 《农业机械学报》2022,53(8):345-352

为改善猪只重叠与遮挡造成的猪只身份编号（Identity,ID）频繁跳变,在YOLO v5s检测算法基础上,提出了改进DeepSORT行为跟踪算法。该算法改进包括两方面：一针对特定场景下猪只数量稳定的特点,改进跟踪算法的轨迹生成与匹配过程,降低ID切换次数,提升跟踪稳定性;二将YOLO v5s检测算法中的行为类别信息引入跟踪算法中,在跟踪中实现准确的猪只行为识别。实验结果表明,在目标检测方面,YOLO v5s的mAP为99.3%,F1值为98.7%。在重识别方面,实验的Top-1准确率达到99.88%。在跟踪方面,改进DeepSORT算法的MOTA为91.9%,IDF1为89.2%,IDS为33;与DeepSORT算法对比,MOTA和IDF1分别提升了1.0、16.9个百分点,IDS下降了83.8%。改进DeepSORT算法在群养环境下能够实现稳定ID的猪只行为跟踪,能够为无接触式的生猪自动监测提供技术支持。  相似文献   

血浆蛋白粉和血球蛋白粉在早期断奶仔猪日粮中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

要秀兵  王子荣  李清宏 《畜禽业》2008,(7):20-21

综述了血浆蛋白粉和血球蛋白粉的营养特点以及在早期断奶仔猪生产中的应用效果,为这2种动物蛋白饲料的合理利用提供一定的理论基础。  相似文献   

氧化应激对断奶仔猪肌体氧化还原状态的影响     

李丽娟  陈代文  余冰  袁施彬 《动物营养学报》2007,19(3):199-203

本试验旨在研究氧化应激对断奶仔猪机体氧化还原状态的影响。选用24头28日龄断奶仔猪,随机分为3个处理组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪,采用单因子试验设计。基础日粮为玉米-豆粕型,以饲喂基础日粮为对照组,饲喂氧化鱼油和腹腔介入12mg/kg体重敌草快(Diquat)为应激组,试验期26d。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,氧化鱼油和Diquat都造成了脾脏损伤,使脾脏和胸腺指数降低(P<0.05);(2)饲喂氧化鱼油显著增加了脾脏MDA(丙二醛)含量(P<0.05),降低血浆抑制羟基自由基的能力(P<0.05),极显著降低脾脏GST(谷光苷肽-S转移酶)的活力(P<0.01),降低血浆中SOD(超氧化物岐化酶)、GSH-PX(谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶)的活性(P<0.01)和抑制羟基自由基的能力(P<0.05);(3)Diquat极显著增加脾脏MDA的含量(P<0.01),降低脾脏GST的含量(P<0.01),降低血浆中SOD、GSH-PX的活性和抑制羟基自由基的能力(P<0.01),提高MDA的含量(P<0.01)。氧化鱼油和Diquat可诱导断奶仔猪产生氧化应激,并导致了脾脏和胸腺的氧化损伤。  相似文献   

多重线性回归法测定猪内源磷排泄量及饲料磷真消化率的研究     

左建军  汪儆  张铁鹰  冯定远  印遇龙  范明哲 《动物营养学报》2007,19(2):91-98

本研究旨在采用多重线性回归法测定生长猪内源磷排泄量及高粱和豆粕中磷的真消化率。试验选用6头健康大白×长白阉公猪为消化试验动物,平均体重为(23.6±1.23)kg。采用6×6拉丁方设计,设6个磷水平(0.08%、0.15%、0.23%、0.30%、0.38%、0.53%),以豆粕、葡萄糖、玉米淀粉等为基础,以高粱和豆粕为磷唯一来源,配制半纯合试验饲粮。饲粮中添加0.35%Cr2O3作为外源指示剂。试验分6个试验期,每期8d,其中6d适应期,2d收粪期。饲粮中磷表观消化率受饲粮中磷水平的影响(P<0.05),并随饲粮中磷水平的提高由14.88%增大至34.88%。在以g/kgDMI为计量单位条件下,生长猪粪磷的排出量与饲粮磷的摄入量呈线性关系(P=0.0001)。结果表明,多重线性回归法可用于生长猪内源磷排泄量和植物性饲料磷真消化率的测定;以豆粕-高粱型模型饲粮测定出生长猪内源磷排泄量为0.2940g/kgDMI,高粱中磷的真消化率为56.05%,豆粕中磷的真消化率为39.41%。  相似文献   

生长猪对菜粕和豆粕中磷真消化率的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

左建军  汪儆  张铁鹰  冯定远  王修启  印遇龙  范明哲 《华北农学报》2007,22(2):175-179

选用6头健康大白×长白阉公猪为消化试验动物,采用6×6拉丁方设计,设6个磷水平(0.11%,0.22%,0.33%,0.44%,0.55%,0.53%),以豆粕、葡萄糖、玉米淀粉等为基础,以菜粕为待测植物性饲料,配制半纯合试验饲粮,其中菜粕和豆粕为磷唯一来源。日粮中添加0.35%Cr2O3作为外源指示剂。分6个试验期(每期8 d,6 d适应期,2d收粪期),测定了生长猪内源磷排泄量及菜粕和豆粕磷的真消化率。结果表明:生长猪内源磷的排泄量为0.210 8g/kg DMI,菜粕、豆粕及6个半纯合饲粮中磷表观消化率分别为-0.30%,25.77%,7.25%,16.29%,16.54%,23.62%,15.04%,28.97%,而其真消化率分别为10.21%,32.94%,26.22%,23.62%,22.95%,23.57%,22.81%,32.94%。说明饲料磷真消化率更能反映动物对饲料磷消化吸收的真实情况,具有相对较好的重演性。  相似文献   

引进美系大白猪的适应性研究与生产性能测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梅书棋  宋忠旭  彭先文  李良华  孙华  程妮  华升 《湖北农业科学》2007,46(4):598-600

为充分了解新美系大白猪的生产性能,自主培育能满足不同市场需求、生产性能好、适应性强的大白猪父本新品系,我们对引进的美系大白猪进行了适应性研究与生产性能测定.结果表明,新美系大白猪在主要经济性状上与国内原有大白猪相比具有一定优势,是一个良好的育种素材.但同时也表现出一定的缺点,在使用过程中应引起用户注意,不要盲目跟从.  相似文献