Seed Shattering of Cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen)          下载免费PDF全文

J. P. Rodríguez  M. Aro  M. Coarite  S.‐E. Jacobsen  B. Ørting  M. Sørensen  C. Andreasen 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2017,203(3):254-267

Cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) is a semi‐domesticated relative of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) with high nutritious quality. It is tolerant to frost, drought, saline soils and pests. One seed yield limitation is seed loss during the maturity stages. Two greenhouse experiments in Denmark and field experiments in Bolivia were carried out to determine seed shattering in landraces and cultivars with different growth habits. 15–21 % of the seed shattering in the fields took place whilst the plants still were flowering and 25–35 % during physiological maturity. Seed shattering varied between locations on the Bolivian Altiplano. Cañahua types with the semi‐prostrate growth (‘lasta’) had the highest seed shattering rate in the greenhouse experiments. The Umacutama landrace had lower seed shattering (1 %) than the cultivar Kullaca (7.2 %) both of the ‘lasta’ type. Under field conditions, the cultivar Illimani with the erect growth (‘saihua’) had the highest seed shattering rate (6.4–33.7 %) at both locations and at four different sowing dates. The Umacutama had the lowest rate (0.5–1.5 %). There were no significant differences between plants of the ‘lasta’ and the ‘saihua’ types. The landrace had significantly less seed loss than the cultivars. However, in the greenhouse, the landrace yield was approximately 25 % lower than the yields of the cultivars. In general, cañahua cultivars had higher yield compared to landraces, but also a higher seed shattering rate. Landraces may be used in breeding programmes to develop high‐yielding cultivars with reduced seed shattering.  相似文献   

红曲发酵力测定方法的可行性研究     

王兴进  黄连琴  林丽容  谢范英 《安徽农学通报》2016,22(2)

红曲米是福建红曲黄酒酿制过程中重要的糖化发酵剂。发酵力是衡量酿造用红曲品质的一个重要指标。研究通过酒精测定法和二氧化碳失重法测定酿造用红曲的发酵力,以评价2种发酵力测定方法的可行性。结果表明,二氧化碳失重法更适合于红曲米发酵力的测定。研究还对福建省20个红曲米的发酵力进行了测定,结果表明用二氧化碳生成量能够很好地表征红曲米发酵力的强弱。红曲米发酵力测定方法可行性分析对红曲米相关标准的制定具有重要意义。  相似文献   

金枪鱼延绳钓船机电混合动力系统节油效果分析     

都劲松  史斌杰  石浩舰  黄伟 《渔业现代化》2016,(1):52-55

金枪鱼延绳钓渔业是远洋渔业的重要组成部分。金枪鱼延绳钓作业过程包括航行、作业两种完全不同的工况。航行工况时要求航速较高,作业工况时要求航速较低。为了满足这两种工况,采用柴电独立运行(PTH)方式机电混合动力系统。机电混合动力系统由柴油机推进系统与电力推进系统两部分组成。高航速时使用大功率的柴油机模式,低航速时使用小功率的电力推进模式。上海远洋渔业有限公司近两年先后两批次建造了5条装备了PTH方式机电混合动力系统金枪鱼延绳钓船。根据实船测试,在作业期间,不同船型起钩阶段节油25%和8%,航行节油均达14%。通过计算分析,使用PTH方式,机电混合动力系统增加的初始投资成本可通过节油方式在4年内回收。综合节油效果显示,使用电力推进比使用柴油机推进可以节油15%~20%,达到了良好的节能减排、降低运营成本的效果。  相似文献   

不同枣粉添加水平对陕北白绒山羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响     

孙旺斌  付琪  薛瑞林  王伟萍  张骞  冯平 《草业学报》2021,30(7):111-121

为探讨日粮中不同枣粉添加量对陕北白绒山羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,选取初始体重为（20.15±1.63） kg的40只6月龄健康白绒山羊,随机分为5组,每组8只羊,分别饲喂枣粉添加量为0（对照组）、10%（Ⅰ试验组）、15%（Ⅱ试验组）、20%（Ⅲ试验组）、25%（Ⅳ试验组）的日粮,饲养试验预试期10 d,饲喂基础日粮,饲喂期70 d,饲喂试验日粮。试验结束屠宰全部试验羊,以羊背最长肌为试验材料,分别测定羊肉的基本营养成分、矿物质、肌纤维特性、外观品质、脂肪酸和氨基酸含量并进行比较分析。结果表明：1）Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ试验组的屠宰率和净肉率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,对照组、Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的骨肉比显著高于Ⅲ和Ⅳ组（P<0.05）;2）对照组的肌内脂肪含量显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组（P<0.05）;3）Ⅲ组的肌纤维面积、直径和剪切力值最小（P<0.05）;4）Ⅲ组中棕榈酸（C16：0）和硬脂酸（C18：0）的含量显著低于对照组和Ⅰ试验组（P<0.05）,花生四烯酸（C20：4n6）、α-亚麻酸（C18：2n6c）的含量显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组（P<0.05）;5）Ⅳ组羊肉中的天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和丙氨酸含量显著高于其他4组（P<0.05）。综上所述,枣粉添加改善了羊肉的嫩度,有利于羊肉中的矿物质、不饱和脂肪酸和氨基酸等营养成分的积累,从而使羊肉有较高的营养价值,综合考虑20%枣粉添加量时羊肉品质最好。  相似文献   

通过财务稽核强化电力企业的内部控制     

程千夫 《湖南农机》2015,(3):82-83,99

通过对财务稽核的意义、作用以及电力企业内部控制的基本要求,阐述财务稽核对强化企业内部控制的重要性,同时列举电力企业管理中容易出现的财务管理方面的漏洞,并依次作为问题进行讨论寻找解决的途径。  相似文献   

宁夏黄灌区退水过程中氮污染特征模拟     

杨金凤  易军  赵同科 《灌溉排水学报》2015,34(2)

宁夏黄灌区是我国商品粮生产基地之一,农业高强度和化肥高投入对灌区水环境和黄河水安全造成了严重威胁。农田退水中氮素迁移流失的网室土柱模拟实验表明:1每次施肥1~2d后(穗肥是1周后),田面水中全氮量均出现峰值,不断下降后逐渐趋于稳定,全氮量随时间的变化符合对数衰减规律;23次施肥后,种植水稻的土柱各土层渗漏水中的全氮量高于未种植水稻的土柱,水稻根系的发育,一定程度上促进了氮素向下迁移,加剧了氮素流失的风险,水稻收获前控制氮的渗漏损失尤为重要。  相似文献   

励磁功率单元主回路快速故障诊断策略     

刘伟  张朕滔  梁康有  谭宇航 《保鲜与加工》2015,(4):137-145

分析总结了发电机组励磁系统功率单元的故障类型和常见故障,通过Matlab仿真功率单元主回路故障类型,重点研究基于故障频谱分析的定量故障特征提取和故障分类,提出了一种快速针对功率单元主回路的故障诊断真值表法,最后通过实验平台验证故障类别,结果表明：该方法能够正确有效地诊断出功率单元主回路具体的故障晶闸管,为励磁系统功率单元故障诊断提供依据。  相似文献   

Antioxidant,anti-amylase and anti-glycation potential of brans of some Sri Lankan traditional and improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties     

《Journal of Cereal Science》2014,59(3):451-456

Brans of 23 traditional and 12 improved (both red and white) rice varieties in Sri Lanka were screened for anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities in vitro. Varieties which showed the highest inhibitory activities at screening were further investigated for anti-glucosidase and glycation reversing as anti-diabetic properties. The same varieties were studied for selected antioxidant properties. Significantly high anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities were observed for bran extracts of red varieties compared to white varieties at screening. Traditional red rice varieties, Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti, exhibited significant and dose dependent anti-amylase, anti-glycation and glycation reversing activities. These varieties also showed marked antioxidant properties. It is concluded that brans of Sri Lankan traditional red rice varieties Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti may be potential food supplements for diabetes.  相似文献   

An Improved Method of the Transient Waveform Analysis in Power Systems     

Wang Jianping Mi Linshu Chen Gang 《保鲜与加工》1993,(6):32-37

The angular frequency and decaying constant of each copmonect for the transient waveform in power systems were obtained by using the discrete Fourier transform; the amplitude and phase angle were calculated in the linear curve fitting method. And all of the parameters obtained above were treated in an unified optimization by using the curve fitting optimization of the least square method of general nonlinear funcrion so as to get the results of waveform analysis. Two examples are included.  相似文献   

Automatic Measuring Method of Eyeglass Lens Power     

YANG Bing-shang  LIAO Hai-yang 《保鲜与加工》2006,(10):65-68

A method of measuring eyeglass lens power is proposed. A position detector and 3 beams of ray are used to measure the prismatic, spherical and astigmatic powers. Based on the method, an automatic focimeter with simple structure can be developed. The measure errors of prismatic and spherical powers are analyzed, from which it is concluded that the precision of the position detector is the key to the method.  相似文献