赤水河赤水市江段鱼类群落结构季节变化特征     

刘飞  娄必云  刘焕章  王剑伟 《淡水渔业》2015,(1):35-41

根据2012年2月—2013年1月赤水河赤水市江段逐月渔获物调查数据,对该江段鱼类群落结构的季节变化特征进行了研究。调查期间共采集鱼类41种,隶属于3目7科38属。唇(Hemibarbus labeo)、蛇(Saurogobio dabryi)、瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)、银(Squalidus argentatus)、大鳍鳠(Mystus macropterus)、中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)、粗唇(Leiocassis crassilabris)、吻(Rhinogobio typus)和鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)为该江段的重要优势种,它们的百分比相对重要性指数(IRI%)均在2%以上。聚类分析和排序分析显示,赤水市江段鱼类群落结构季节变化显著,在50%的相似性水平上,鱼类群落可以划分为两个群组,其中群组Ⅰ包括4个冬季月份(2012年2月、3月、12月和2013年1月),而群组Ⅱ包括其它8个非冬季月份。对于群落季节差异贡献率较大的种类依次为唇、瓦氏黄颡鱼、蛇、大鳍鳠、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、中华倒刺鲃、鲫(Carassius auratus)、粗唇、银、吻、鳜、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)和切尾拟鲿(Pseudobagrus truncates),其中唇、蛇、鲤、鲫、吻和草鱼在冬季月份的相对丰度明显高于非冬季月份,而瓦氏黄颡鱼、大鳍鳠、中华倒刺鲃、粗唇、银、鳜和切尾拟鲿的相对丰度以非冬季月份为高。典型对应分析(CCA)显示,水温和溶氧量是影响该江段鱼类群落结构季节变化的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

Summertime and early autumn activity of some enzymes in the carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism of the crucian carp     

Ylva Lind 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1992,9(5-6):409-415

In June, July, and September the activities of five enzymes involved in the carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism, namely phosphofructokinase (PFK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), citrate synthase (CS), cytochrome oxidase (cyt ox) and 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD), were measured in the heart, liver, red muscle, white muscle, and gill lamellae of crucian carp (Carassius carassius). LDH activity was measured in both reducing (LDHr) and oxidizing (LDHo) directions.The PFK activity in red and white muscle increased significantly between July and September indicating a preparation to winter anoxia by an increased glycylytic capacity in these organs. The HAD activity of the liver had increased significantly (by more than 50%) by September, also a preparation to winter anoxia as HAD is used in the reversed -oxidation (chain elongation of fatty acids). The LDHr and cyt ox activities in the heart and white muscle were highest in July. This shows that both the anaerobic and aerobic capacities are elevated in mid-summer when water temperature is high and oxygen concentration of the water could fluctuate greatly. The LDHo and CS activities in gill lamellae were lowest in July. The results show that the metabolism of crucian carp is under seasonal influence and that a preparation to winter hypoxia/anoxia could be detected in September.  相似文献   

Composition of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community and changes in diversity of the rhizosphere of Clematis fruticosa over three seasons across different elevations     

Min Liu  Yongjie Yue  Zuhua Wang  Long Li  Guozhen Duan  Shulan Bai  Tao Li 《European Journal of Soil Science》2020,71(3):511-523

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林业产业结构升级对林业经济波动的熨平效应分析——以我国黑龙江省为例     

姜钰  姜佳玮 《世界林业研究》2020,33(3):49-53

文中利用HP滤波法对林业产出、林业资本、林业劳动、林业产业结构升级以及林业生态政策进行趋势成分剥离,从而得到相应的波动指标;在此基础上构建时变参数状态空间模型分析林业产业结构升级对林业经济波动的影响,并以我国黑龙江省为例进行实证分析。结果表明:黑龙江省林业产业结构升级对林业经济波动具有明显的熨平效应,但是随着时间的推移这种熨平效应愈加平稳。  相似文献   

昆明长水国际机场鳞翅目昆虫种群初探     

张峰  任菲  蔡志平  宋成怀  许毅涛 《绿色科技》2020,(4):105-107,114

对2018年1~12月昆明长水国际机场东西跑道外侧草坪的鳞翅目昆虫进行了调查,结果发现:该目昆虫具有明显季节差异,种类和数量均是夏季最多,秋季其次,冬、春季相对较少。生境分析表明,鳞翅目昆虫对生境依赖有一定差异,故提出了清除草坪内开花植物或种植不开花植物,从而减少昆虫多样性,降低鸟类到草坪觅食及鸟击概率的建议。  相似文献   

CO2浓度倍增下毛竹光合作用对光照强度的季节响应   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

施建敏  郭起荣  杨光耀 《江西农业大学学报》2007,29(2):215-219

采用Li-6400测定了在短期CO2浓度倍增下毛竹光合作用对光照强度的季节响应,并对比同一测定毛竹在相同时期大气CO2浓度下的光响应曲线特征,结果表明:CO2浓度的增加促使毛竹最大净光合速率和光饱和点升高,光补偿点下降,而对光合量子效率的影响因季节而异,在夏、秋两季光合量子效率升高,冬季持平,春季降低,但全年来看还是具有促进作用;在相同的光照强度下,CO2浓度的倍增会使毛竹的净光合速率和水分利用率升高,而蒸腾速率和暗呼吸速率下降。CO2浓度倍增后,各光合生理特征参数的季节变化基本和大气CO2浓度下的季节变化相同,均与毛竹叶片的生理活性密切相关;而在不同季节,毛竹对CO2浓度升高的响应差异性是造成季节变化规律稍有不同的主要原因之一,证实了植物对短期CO2浓度升高的光合生理响应行为。  相似文献   

瞬时转速波动在轴向柱塞泵故障诊断中的应用     

谷立臣  马子文  田晴晴  孙昱 《排灌机械工程学报》2021,39(7):740-746

针对轴向柱塞泵配流盘磨损的故障诊断所使用的信号大多存在非平稳、非线性特性的缺点,提出利用轴向柱塞泵的瞬时转速波动信号进行故障诊断.利用瞬时转速波动信号良好的抗噪性能与经过阶比分析后可以转化为角度域内的平稳信号的特点,以克服传统监测信号的不足.通过动力学分析对轴向柱塞泵瞬时转速波动的成因进行了溯源.结果表明,对于具有Z个...  相似文献   

海南岛近岸海域鱼类物种组成和多样性的季节变动   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙典荣  李渊  王雪辉 《南方水产》2012,8(1):1-7

根据2006年～2007年间在海南岛近岸海域进行的4个航次底拖网调查资料,分析了该海域鱼类物种组成和生物多样性特征。发现该海域鱼类种类较为丰富,调查共采集到鱼类292种,隶属于21目100科172属;其中暖水性种类数占83.32%,暖温性种类数占16.78%;与中国黄渤海共有种76种,与东海共有种220种,与南海大陆架、大陆坡和南海诸岛海域共有种分别为279种、42种和51种。鱼类优势种[相对重要性指数（IRI）〉500]依次为发光鲷（Acropoma japonicum）、斑鳍天竺鱼（Apogonichthys carinatus）、黄斑鲾（Leiognathus bindus）、皮氏叫姑鱼（Johnius belengeri）、大头白姑鱼（Argyrosomus macrocephalus）、（Therapon theraps）、棕斑腹刺鲀（Gas-trophysus spadiceus）和麦氏犀鳕（Bregmaceros macclellandi）。以生物量为基础采用5个指数研究了该海域鱼类多样性现状,并采用季节更替指数（AI）和迁移指数（MI）对各季节鱼类群落的稳定性进行了分析。结果显示,该海域鱼类多样性水平较高,相邻季节的鱼类物种相似性也较高,随着鱼类的洄游,群落的稳定性出现较大波动。  相似文献   

抽蓄机组甩负荷过程压力脉动及流动噪声仿真     

冯俊  毛秀丽  郑源  陈帝伊  董正豪 《排灌机械工程学报》2021,39(7):678-684

为了研究水泵水轮机发电模式下甩负荷过渡过程压力脉动特性及其对流动诱导噪声的影响,以国内某抽水蓄能电站机组为研究对象,基于网格壁面滑移技术与分离涡湍流模型,通过ANSYS软件对瞬态流场进行数值模拟计算,并将所得流场信号作为声场源在LMS软件中进一步开展流动诱导噪声的仿真.结果表明因2个无叶区流态分别受动静干涉(固定导叶与...  相似文献   

Shoot nitrate reductase activities of field‐layer species in different forest types. II     

《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):1-14

Analysis of in vivo shoot nitrate reductase activity (NRA) of the grass Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. has been proposed as a method of indicating the availability of nitrate in northern temperate forest soils. We report the seasonal variation in NRA and the influence of temperature on the NRA assay. Studies were performed in the field or on natural populations on topsoil monoliths in a greenhouse.

The induced in vivo NRA as measured at 28°C was higher in plants grown at lower than at higher temperatures within the range 4–20°C, although the induction was faster at higher temperatures. When the assay was performed at various temperatures, enzyme activity was much lower at lower temperatures. The accumulation of organic nitrogen in shoots showed that reduction actually increased with temperature. Transfer of monoliths from high to low temperature led to an increase of in vivo NRA within a day, whereas the decline caused by the reverse began after six days. Variations in temperature accounted for between 0 and 80% of the seasonal variation in NRA in the field, depending on the influence of the variability in nitrate supply.

Maximally induced NRA after application of nitrate was mostly higher in a clearfelling than in a closed forest. In the forest, there was a close correlation between current and maximally induced NRA. One interpretation of this result is that low availability of nitrogen may have been a cause of the lower maximally induced NRA there. This is supported by results from other studies.

We conclude that variations in temperature and availability of nitrogen, particularly nitrate, are largely responsible for seasonal variations in NRA. The influence of temperature can be adjusted for.  相似文献