自发性急性犬瘟热的原发性脱髓性脑病   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

潘耀谦  龙塔  赵德明  Seiichi HIGUCHI 《中国兽医学报》2005,25(3):225-230,262

为了进一步观察犬瘟热病毒引起的原发性脑损伤和包涵体形成的特点，调查脑组织的损伤与神经症状的关系，对10只急性犬瘟热病犬的脑组织进行了详细的病理学研究。为了仔细地观察病变，本试验按照解剖学关系将脑组织分成3个大部分和11个切面，即大脑(4个切面)，脑干(5个切面)和小脑(2个切面)。组织切片经HE、LFB和免疫组织化学染色后进行检查，结果表明：在大脑，脱髓呈弥漫性发生，程度较轻；脑干的周围或靠近第三脑室的白质脱髓较重；小脑在轻度或中度脱髓的基础上常出现严重的多发性脱髓灶。脱髓部呈空泡或海绵状，有少量胶质细胞存在，但无炎性反应。脱髓性病损是非时称性发生，对神经束没有特殊的亲和力。在脑室的室管膜细胞内发现有较多的嗜酸性胞浆或核内包涵体。用抗犬瘟热病毒抗体染色，带有包涵体的室管膜细胞呈现强阳性反应。部分锥体细胞，神经核细胞和漓氏细胞变性、溶解或胞浆深染。胞核浓缩。这种变化以小锥体神经细胞表现得最为明显。根据此研究结果，作者认为由犬瘟热病毒引起的原发性脑组织损伤是一种脱髓性脑病，而不是脑炎变化；位于室管膜细胞内的包涵体对于脑组织犬瘟热的确诊具有重要的作用；由于犬瘟热病毒引起神经细胞的损伤是非特异性的，对脑组织的侵害是非对称性的。对神经束的作用无特殊的亲和力，所以患犬瘟热的犬在临床上可出现不同的神经症状。  相似文献   

Serum-haptoglobin concentration in Danish slaughter pigs of different health status     

Petersen HH  Ersbøll AK  Jensen CS  Nielsen JP 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2002,54(4):27-335

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 617 finishing pigs aged 10–25 weeks in 11 commercial herds of different health statuses as defined by the Danish monitoring program for specific-pathogen-free (SPF) herds. A standard clinical examination was performed and a blood sample was obtained from each pig for determination of haptoglobin concentration in serum.

Pigs aged 10–14, 15–19 and 20–25 weeks in conventional herds had higher haptoglobin concentrations than high-health SPF (SPF-x) pigs of the same age. There was no significant difference between SPF-x pigs of different ages. Conventional pigs aged 15–19 and 20–25 weeks had higher haptoglobin concentrations than conventional pigs aged 10–14 weeks. Herd influenced the haptoglobin concentration. Lame pigs and pigs with tail or ear bite had elevated haptoglobin concentrations. No significant effect of respiratory symptoms or umbilical hernia was found.  相似文献   

Field observations during the bluetongue serotype 8 epidemic in 2006. I. Detection of first outbreaks and clinical signs in sheep and cattle in Belgium, France and the Netherlands   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Elbers AR  Backx A  Meroc E  Gerbier G  Staubach C  Hendrickx G  van der Spek A  Mintiens K 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,87(1-2):21-30

Starting August 2006, a major epidemic of bluetongue (BT) was identified in North-West Europe, affecting The Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Luxemburg and the North of France. It was caused by BT virus serotype 8 (BTV-8), a serotype previously unknown to the European Union (EU). In this outbreak, the virus caused clinical disease in a few individual animals within cattle herds, whereas overt clinical disease was usually restricted to sheep. Investigations in Belgium suggested that the first clinical signs of BTV-8 appeared mid July 2006 in a cattle herd, while the first suspicion of a BT-outbreak in Belgium was reported on 17 August 2006. In the first 10 BTV-8 outbreaks in the Netherlands, the owners indicated that the first clinical signs started approximately 12-17 days before a suspicion was reported to the veterinary authorities via a veterinary practitioner. In BTV-8 affected sheep flocks, erosions of the oral mucosa, fever, salivation, facial and mandibular oedema, apathy and tiredness, mortality, oedema of the lips, lameness, and dysphagia were among the most frequent clinical signs recorded. The most prominent clinical signs in BTV-8 affected cattle herds were: crusts/lesions of the nasal mucosa, erosions of lips/crusts in or around the nostrils, erosions of the oral mucosa, salivation, fever, conjunctivitis, coronitis, muscle necrosis, and stiffness of the limbs. Crusts/lesions of nasal mucosa, conjunctivitis, hyperaemic/purple coloration and lesions of the teats, and redness/hypersensitivity of the skin were relatively more seen on outbreak farms with cattle compared to sheep. Mortality, oedema of the head and ears, coronitis, redness of the oral mucosa, erosions/ulceration of tongue mucosa, purple coloration of the tongue and tongue protrusion and dyspneu were relatively more seen on outbreak farms with sheep compared to cattle.  相似文献   

Field observations during the Bluetongue serotype 8 epidemic in 2006. II. Morbidity and mortality rate, case fatality and clinical recovery in sheep and cattle in the Netherlands     

Elbers AR  Backx A  Mintiens K  Gerbier G  Staubach C  Hendrickx G  van der Spek A 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,87(1-2):31-40

Data collected in the Netherlands during the Bluetongue serotype 8 (BTV-8) epidemic indicated that in outbreak cattle herds, predominantly dairy and nursing cows were clinically affected and not young stock, beef cattle, beef calves, or breeding animals. In outbreak sheep flocks, mainly ewes and - if present - rams, were clinically affected and not the lambs. Median morbidity rate in outbreak herds was 1.85 per 100 sheep-month at risk and 0.32 per 100 cattle-month at risk for sheep and cattle, respectively. The mean proportion of BT-affected animals in outbreak herds that recovered from clinical disease was approximately eight times higher for cattle compared to sheep in the Netherlands. Median mortality rate in outbreak herds was 0.5 per 100 sheep-month at risk of dying and 0 per 100 cattle-month at risk of dying for sheep and cattle, respectively. Median recovery time of both sheep and cattle that recovered from clinical disease in outbreak herds was 14 days. Median case fatality was 50% in sheep outbreak flocks and 0% in outbreak cattle herds. It is concluded that morbidity and mortality in outbreak cattle herds was very limited during the BTV-8 epidemic in the Netherlands in 2006. In outbreak sheep flocks, morbidity was limited, with exceptions for a few flocks. However, almost 50% of the clinically sick sheep died in outbreak sheep herds.  相似文献   

Sheep pox disease outbreaks in Madras Red and Mechery breeds of indigenous sheep in Tamilnadu, India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Roy P  Purushothaman V  Sreekumar C  Tamizharasan S  Chandramohan A 《Research in veterinary science》2008,85(3):617-621

Sheep pox disease outbreaks were recorded among Madras Red (n=145) and Mechery (n=80) breeds of indigenous sheep on three farms in Tamilnadu. Over both breeds, adult mortality rate ranged from 2.66% to 37.5% and lamb mortality ranged from 10% to 17.33%. However, mortality was more in Mechery sheep (50% overall; 37.5% adults, 12.5% lambs) than in Madras Red sheep (24.28% overall; 10.34% adults, 13.79% lambs). The clinical signs observed were high fever, anorexia, respiratory distress, mucopurulent nasal discharge and in a few cases diarrhoea. Cutaneous lesions were mainly observed around nostrils, eyes, lips, ears and in the abdomen. Most of the lesions were covered with purulent materials and on cleaning with sterile swabs, fresh wounds were observed. Dry scabs were also observed over the oral commissure and maxillary areas, which on removal exposed fresh wounds. Important observations on necropsy were severe nodular lesions in the lungs and intestine. The disease was diagnosed as sheep pox by agar gel immunodiffusion test, isolation of virus and its neutralization in BHK(21) cells by specific antiserum and by electron microscopy.  相似文献   

畜禽健康养殖预警体系研究与应用     

陈长喜  张宏福  王兆毅  王乙丁 《农业工程》2010,(11):215-220

为实现动物健康、人健康、环境健康的畜禽健康养殖目标,提出了畜禽健康养殖预警体系内容。以猪肉为例,建立了基于BP神经网络的猪肉价格预警模型并采用C#与Matlab混合编程实现了猪肉价格预警;以肉鸡为例,采用Java EE架构设计实现了肉鸡产品质量和养殖疫情预警;用C#语言设计实现了给定区域畜禽养殖自然环境承载量预警;嵌入式编程设计实现了集约化畜禽养殖环境参数预警。当猪肉价格波动幅度超过15%,肉鸡日死亡率与产品投诉率超过设定的限值,养殖数量超过自然环境理论承载量,养殖环境参数超过设定的阈值范围均会给出预警信  相似文献   

北京市土地利用总体规划实施管理预警系统的构建   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

赵烨  杨燕敏  刘锋  孙雷 《干旱区资源与环境》2006,20(1):23-26

通过综述和比较分析经济社会发展与土地利用变化的相互关系,探讨了建立适应市场经济发展需求的北京市土地利用总体规划实施的保障措施体系。运用文献资料法和比较分析法,从土地管理及遥感、GIS技术应用等方面,阐述了土地利用总体规划实施监测、评价及预警系统的基本框架,揭示了该系统在强化土地资源管理、促进社会持续发展中的作用。  相似文献   

我国苹果市场价格预测与波动预警研究     

王健 《北方园艺》2019,(9):170-175

近年来苹果市场价格波动时有发生,分析我国苹果市场的价格特点和波动规律对我国农产品生产供给侧改革具有重要意义。该研究以我国富士苹果的价格指数为研究对象,运用ARIMA模型对苹果市场价格进行短期预测,并构建苹果市场价格波动警限,进行价格波动预警。结果表明:模型能够较好预测苹果价格波动变化,以期为我国苹果市场信息变化提供参考。  相似文献   

草地贪夜蛾侵害我国大豆的风险预警   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

白一苇  李玄霜  拉巴普尺  孙连军 《植物保护学报》2020,47(4):729-734

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是一种在全世界范围内危害性极强的害虫。2019年初突然侵入我国云南省并迅猛扩散迁移至国内大部分地区,对玉米等作物生产造成重大影响。我国大豆与玉米生产区重合较多,草地贪夜蛾是否会对大豆产生重大危害是一个值得注意的问题。本文从草地贪夜蛾的食性特点和迁移速度以及新生境3个方面评估了此类昆虫可能对我国大豆造成的危害,并对我国大豆生产中草地贪夜蛾的短期和长期预防策略进行了展望,以期为大豆生产中潜在的风险提供预警。  相似文献   

基于土壤侵蚀模型的浅层滑坡预警研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吕佼佼  范文  吕远强 《水土保持通报》2017,37(3):227-230,236

[目的]利用土壤侵蚀模型进行浅层滑坡的预警研究,为山区滑坡预警预报工作提供参考。[方法]选取陕西省紫阳县境内440km~2区域作为典型研究区,在已有历史滑坡资料、气象资料和卫星资料的基础上,基于土壤侵蚀模型(USLE),并结合地理信息系统(GIS),确定滑坡临界土壤侵蚀强度,再根据降雨侵蚀力与降雨量之间的关系,推求滑坡点的预警降雨量。[结果]土壤侵蚀强度与滑坡的发生存在较好的相关性,研究区域滑坡预警的临界土壤侵蚀强度按等级分别为69.6,136.7,179.4t/km~2。[结论]相比以往仅仅统计滑坡与降雨之间关系的传统方法,基于土壤侵蚀模型的方法考虑更全面,也易于实现。  相似文献