苦瓜主要植物学性状的遗传分析     

刘政国  王先裕  刘志敏  肖喜祝 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,32(4):389-392

以绿苦瓜自交系P1做母本，野生苦瓜P2做父本配制出F1代，然后进行自交和回交获得R2,B1，B2世代．通过田间试验，对叶长、茎粗和节间长的基因效应进行了研究．结果表明：茎粗和节间长两个性状符合加性一显性遗传模型，而叶长不符合加性．显性遗传模型．叶长的加性效应比显性效应重要，节间长的加性效应也高于显性效应，茎粗的加性效应和显性效应同样重要，三者的狭义遗传率分别为0．1694，0．6418和0．3679．  相似文献   

未来东北管网输量下降后的结蜡预测及分析     

苗青  赵夙铭  赵丽英 《油气储运》2005,24(11):13-16

根据东北管网原油输量下降后管网的结蜡情况,制定未来东北管网安全经济运行方案,利用东北管网大庆原油结蜡规律的研究成果,对东北管网未来的结蜡情况进行了预测和分析,得到了有价值的结论.  相似文献   

苦瓜新品种金绿苦瓜的选育     

张长远  罗少波  罗剑宁  何晓莉  郑晓明 《中国蔬菜》2011,1(8):96-98

金绿苦瓜是由材料Y100作母本,913＃作父本配制而成的苦瓜一代杂种。植株生长势旺盛,单株坐果能力强,瓜长圆锥形,表皮油绿亮泽,瓜长25 cm左右,横径约5.7 cm,肉厚1.0 cm,单瓜质量320 g左右,感官品质优;鲜果VC含量622 mg•kg^-1,可溶性固形物23 g•kg^-1,粗蛋白9.9 g•kg^-1,粗纤维12 g•kg^-1。中抗白粉病,田间表现耐热、耐寒性好。每667 m2产量3 800 kg左右。适宜华南地区春秋种植。  相似文献   

Chemical composition and antifungal activity of cuticular wax isolated from Asian pear fruit (cv. Pingguoli)     

Yan Yin  Yang BiSongjiang Chen  Yongcai LiYi Wang  Yonghong GeBo Ding  Yingchao LiZhong Zhang 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

In order to understand the cuticular wax properties of Asian pear fruits (cv. Pingguoli), a series of assays was conducted on extraction, fractionation and determination of composition. The results showed that the maximum yield of wax from the fruit was obtained by chloroform/methanol (3:1), and then by chloroform extraction. Polar and low polar fractions occupied 64.3% and 26.9% of total crude wax by column chromatography. 54 and 22 components were identified in polar and low polar fractions by GC/MS, respectively. Long-chain fatty acids and triterpenoids predominated in polar fraction and n-alkanes were predominant in low polar fraction. In vitro tests indicated that polar fraction, low polar fraction and total crude wax inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata, which is a causal agent of Alternaria rot of pears, and the maximum inhibition was obtained by polar fraction. These findings indicated that n-alkanes in low polar fraction and triterpenoids, fatty acid in polar fraction might have contributed to the antifungal properties of pear fruit cuticular waxes.  相似文献   

磷肥对白蜡生长量的影响     

韩国英  刘雷  尚军  肖广尧 《北方园艺》2011,(3):94-96

以乔木白蜡为试验品种,通过对不同时期土壤和植物叶片取样的养分检测及对植物生长量的监测,探讨不同施肥处理,特别是施用磷肥对白蜡生长量的影响。结果表明:合理使用有机肥和无机肥,特别是磷肥的合理使用,增加了植物对氮肥的吸收,促进了土壤氮素释放。说明了磷肥在白蜡生长过程中所起的重要作用,打破了园林苗木生长过程中主要以氮肥为主要肥料施用的观念,阐述了磷肥在白蜡生长过程中对其生长量所产生的显著影响。  相似文献   

电解水浸种对苦瓜种子发芽的影响研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

万新建缪南生  熊德桃等 《长江蔬菜》2011,(3):48-49

研究了电解水浸种对苦瓜种子发芽的影响.研究结果表明.电解水浸种对苦瓜种子发芽有促进作用.采用酸性电解水浸种,发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数均明显提高;采用碱性电解水浸种,不仅能显著提高种子活力,还有有效抑制霉菌的作用.  相似文献   

Wax matters: absence of very‐long‐chain aldehydes from the leaf cuticular wax of the glossy11 mutant of maize compromises the prepenetration processes of Blumeria graminis     

A. Hansjakob  M. Riederer  U. Hildebrandt 《Plant pathology》2011,60(6):1151-1161

Conidial germination and differentiation, the so‐called prepenetration processes, of the barley powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) are triggered in vitro by very‐long‐chain aldehydes, minor constituents of barley leaf wax. However, until now it has not been demonstrated that these cuticle‐derived molecules also play a significant role in the initiation and promotion of the fungal prepenetration processes in vivo, on the surface of a living plant leaf. In the maize (Zea mays) wax mutant glossy11, which is completely devoid of cuticular very‐long‐chain aldehydes, germination and appressorial differentiation of B. graminis were strongly impeded. Spraying the mutant leaf surface with aldehyde‐containing wild‐type wax or pure n‐hexacosanal (C₂₆‐aldehyde) fully restored fungal prepenetration, whereas maize wild‐type leaf surfaces coated with n‐docosanoic acid exhibited reduced conidial germination rates of 23%, and only 5% of the conidia differentiated infection structures. In vitro studies were performed to further corroborate the extensive prevention of fungal germination and differentiation in response to artificial surfaces coated with aldehyde‐deficient maize wax. Because of its phenotype affecting the B. graminis prepenetration processes, the glossy11 mutation of maize may become a valuable molecular target and genetic tool that could provide a means of developing basal powdery mildew resistance in the globally important crops wheat and barley.  相似文献   

苦瓜产量杂种优势与配合力研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

刘政国 《广西农业生物科学》2002,21(4):238-241

选用8个高世代绿苦瓜自交系,按Griffing完全双列杂交第2种方法设计试验,对苦瓜产量的杂种优势和配合力效应进行研究。结果表明:28个杂交组合有26个呈现正向离中优势,有23个呈现正向超亲优势,22个组合比对照增产;在8个试验亲本中,4个亲本的一般配合力效应为正向效应,另外4个为负向效应,亲本B的一般配合效应值极显著高于其它亲本;21个组合双亲间特殊配合力效应表现为正向效应,效应值最高的组合为E×H(2.15),其次是B×H(1.51)、D×H(1.28)、A×G(1.23)和C×G(1.05)。并对苦瓜丰产性育种的亲本选择选配进行了讨论。  相似文献   

主成分累计贡献率和性状选择对苦瓜遗传距离与产量杂种优势关系的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘政国  王先裕  肖喜祝  刘志敏 《广西农业生物科学》2007,26(1):55-59

将9个苦瓜高世代自交系分成两组,按不完全双列杂交设计配制18个杂交组合。以茎粗、叶长、节间长、第一雌花节位、播种-始花天数和冷害指数等6个反映苦瓜植株形态、熟性和生态适应性的性状为基础性状组,当构成遗传相关系数矩阵的性状数目依次从6个增加到1 2个时,7组遗传距离在累计贡献率70%~95%内表现稳定,累计贡献率大于95%时表现不稳定。遗传距离与产量杂种优势之间的相关系数在7个和8个性状时最大,随性状数目增加,相关系数减小。对7个和8个性状在主成分累计贡献率70%~85%时的遗传距离与产量杂种优势之间的关系进行了线性回归分析,回归方程分别为Y=0.1293 0.0284X和Y=0.1867 0.0324X,均达到极显著水平。  相似文献   

芒果不同品种果实的显微结构与品质的关系初探     

潘洵操 《广西农业生物科学》1993,(4)

采用紫花芒、桂香芒、红象牙和印度1号芒果的果实,通过扫描电子显微镜观察,发现果实皮孔少,开口小,蜡质密度大的紫花芒果实耐贮藏。分泌腔多的桂香芒和印度1号果实芳香味浓。果肉薄壁细胞中淀粉粒增多,果实愈趋近成热。薄壁细胞中淀粉粒多的桂香芒,果实后熟后含糖量高。  相似文献