细菌表达 dsRNA 介导桔小实蝇 flightin基因的 RNA 干扰     

袁瑞玲  郑传伟  冯丹  王艺璇  杜春花  陈鹏 《广东农业科学》2020,47(2):118-123

【目的】探索饲喂细菌表达目标基因dsRNA介导桔小实蝇flightin基因RNAi的可行性。【方法】将桔小实蝇flightin基因的相应干扰片段构建至L4440干扰载体,并转化大肠杆菌HT115(DE3)菌株,利用IPTG诱导表达flightin基因对应的dsRNA,命名为flightin-dsRNA。【结果】通过饲喂表达flightin-dsRNA的大肠杆菌10倍浓缩菌液,桔小实蝇flightin基因的表达普遍出现了不同程度的上调,其中,雌虫饲喂后5、10、20 d,雄虫饲喂后5 d与对照差异显著,雄虫饲喂后15 d诱发约43%的下调;该方法对桔小实蝇飞行能力及胸部肌肉发育未产生明显影响。【结论】通过饲喂表达flightin-dsRNA的大肠杆菌对桔小实蝇flightin基因进行RNA干扰不可行或干扰效果不明显。  相似文献   

Identification of potential candidate genes controlling pea aphid tolerance in a Pisum fulvum high‐density integrated DArTseq SNP‐based genetic map     

Eleonora Barilli  Estefanía Carrillo‐Perdomo  Maria Jos Cobos  Andrzej Kilian  Jason Carling  Diego Rubiales 《Pest management science》2020,76(5):1731-1742

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A chromosome‐scale draft sequence of the Canada fleabane genome     

Martin Laforest  Sara L Martin  Katherine Bisaillon  Brahim Soufiane  Sydney Meloche  Eric Page 《Pest management science》2020,76(6):2158-2169

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Performance and uncertainty analysis of a short-term climate reconstruction based on multi-source data in the Tianshan Mountains region,China     

LI Xuemei 《干旱区科学》2020,12(3):374-396

Short-term climate reconstruction, i.e., the reproduction of short-term(several decades) historical climatic time series based on the relationship between observed data and available longer-term reference data in a certain area, can extend the length of climatic time series and offset the shortage of observations. This can be used to assess regional climate change over a much longer time scale. Based on monthly grid climate data from a Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 5(CMIP5) dataset for the period of 1850–2000, the Climatic Research Unit(CRU) dataset for the period of 1901–2000 and the observed data from 53 meteorological stations located in the Tianshan Mountains region(TMR) of China during the period of 1961–2011, we calibrated and validated monthly average temperature(MAT) and monthly accumulated precipitation(MAP) in the TMR using the delta, physical scaling(SP) and artificial neural network(ANN) methods. Performance and uncertainty during the calibration(1971–1999) and verification(1961–1970) periods were assessed and compared using traditional performance indices and a revised set pair analysis(RSPA) method. The calibration and verification processes were subjected to various sources of uncertainty due to the influence of different reconstructed variables, different data sources, and/or different methods used. According to traditional performance indices, both the CRU and CMIP5 datasets resulted in satisfactory calibrated and verified MAT time series at 53 meteorological stations and MAP time series at 20 meteorological stations using the delta and SP methods for the period of 1961–1999. However, the results differed from those obtained by the RSPA method. This showed that the CRU dataset produced a low degree of uncertainty(positive connection degree) during the calibration and verification of MAT using the delta and SP methods compared to the CMIP5 dataset. Overall, the calibrated and verified MAP had a high degree of uncertainty(negative connection degree) regardless of the dataset or reconstruction method used. Therefore, the reconstructed time series of MAT for the period of 1850(or 1901)–1960 based on the CRU and CMIP5 datasets using the delta and SP methods could be used for further study. The results of this study will be useful for short-term(several decades) regional climate reconstruction and longer-term(100 a or more) assessments of regional climate change.  相似文献   

Cultivation effects on soil texture and fertility in an arid desert region of northwestern China     

Mingzhu HE 《干旱区科学》2020,12(4):701-715

In arid desert regions of northwestern China, reclamation and subsequent irrigated cultivation have become effective ways to prevent desertification, expand arable croplands, and develop sustainable agricultural production. Improvement in soil texture and fertility is crucial to high soil quality and stable crop yield. However, knowledge on the long-term effects of the conversion of desert lands into arable croplands is very limited. To address this problem, we conducted this study in an arid desert region of northwestern China to understand the changes in soil physical-chemical properties after 0, 2, 5, 10, 17, and 24 years of cultivation. Our results showed that silt and clay contents at the 17-year-old sites increased 17.5 and 152.3 folds, respectively, compared with that at the 0-year-old sites. The soil aggregate size fraction and its stability exhibited an exponential growth trend with increasing cultivation ages, but no significant change was found for the proportion of soil macroaggregates (>5.00 mm) during the 17 years of cultivation. The soil organic carbon (SOC) content at the 24-year-old sites was 6.86 g/kg and increased 8.8 folds compared with that at the 0-year-old sites. The total (or available) nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents showed significant increasing trends and reached higher values after 17 (or 24) years of cultivation. Changes in soil physical-chemical properties successively experienced slow, rapid, and stable development stages, but some key properties (such as soil aggregate stability and SOC) were still too low to meet the sustainable agricultural production. The results of this long-term study indicated that reasonable agricultural management, such as expanding no-tillage land area, returning straw to the fields, applying organic fertilizer, reducing chemical fertilizer application, and carrying out soil testing for formula fertilization, is urgently needed in arid desert regions.  相似文献   

Fungal isolate and crop cultivar influence the beneficial effects of root inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi in strawberry     

Fernanda Canassa  Celeste P D'Alessandro  Sidcleide B Sousa  Clarice GB Demtrio  Nicolai V Meyling  Ingeborg Klingen  Italo Delalibera 《Pest management science》2020,76(4):1472-1482

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利用荧光观测明确载球孢白僵菌松毛虫赤眼蜂对亚洲玉米螟的防控增效作用          下载免费PDF全文

杨芷  路杨  张庆贺  毛刚  徐文静  赵宇  隋丽  崔璐璐  张正坤  李启云 《中国生物防治学报》2020,36(1):58-64

载球孢白僵菌松毛虫赤眼蜂能够显著提高对亚洲玉米螟的防控效果,为了明确其对亚洲玉米螟卵期及幼虫期可持续防控的作用机理,采用松毛虫赤眼蜂吸附绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）标记的球孢白僵菌分生孢子,进行赤眼蜂载菌情况,以及亚洲玉米螟卵和幼虫的寄生、侵染过程观察。结果表明,赤眼蜂羽化后能够吸附柞蚕卵表面粘附的白僵菌分生孢子,并将其携带至亚洲玉米螟卵块表面,并吸附于未被赤眼蜂寄生的亚洲玉米螟卵孵化的幼虫体表,实现侵染并致死,幼虫带菌率达60.00%,网室内杀虫生物测定僵虫率达27.00%。本研究表明,载菌赤眼蜂在提高杀虫效率的同时实现害虫可持续防控,该方法为其他载菌天敌的应用提供了依据。  相似文献   

Quizalofop‐p‐ethyl resistance in Polypogon fugax involves glutathione S‐transferases     

Wen Chen  Lamei Wu  Junzhi Wang  Qin Yu  Lianyang Bai  Lang Pan 《Pest management science》2020,76(11):3800-3805

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木薯有性四倍体遗传稳定性分析     

刘云豪  贾泽冲  陈霞  王海  邓雅洁  潘冉冉  赖杭桂 《分子植物育种》2020,(1):246-252

木薯作为中国重要的经济作物,其优良品种的选育一直是木薯科研工作的重点,而多倍体的巨型性特点为其育种提供了新的思路,目前多倍体研究大多是体细胞加倍,有性多倍化研究起步较晚,而本课题组通过2n配子有性活体杂交,成功获得了首例木薯有性四倍体植株。为了研究木薯有性四倍体的遗传稳定性,本研究分别采用:田间的农艺性状观测(生长稳定期)、流式细胞术、叶片染色体计数、蛋白质含量测定/蛋白质聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳以及淀粉含量测定等方法进行鉴定。结果显示:木薯有性四倍体各株系农艺性状均保持了母株器官巨型性的多倍体特征;流式细胞仪分析显示,木薯有性四倍体各株系叶片DNA含量均为二倍体亲本(SC5)的两倍,相对应的叶片染色体数目也为二倍体亲本(SC5)的两倍,且视野中四倍体细胞所占比例均在90%以上;各株系蛋白质含量均小于二倍体对照组,且有性多倍体株系电泳谱带基本相似;在淀粉含量测定中,其各株系淀粉含量均小于对照组,且各株系之间含量波动较小。本研究结果表明木薯有性四倍体植株具有较好的遗传稳定性,对木薯多倍体品种的选育具有重要意义。  相似文献   

24份枸杞种质资源SSR遗传多样性分析     

甘晓燕  郭玉琴  巩檑  陈虞超  聂峰杰  张丽  宋玉霞 《分子植物育种》2020,(5):1697-1701

枸杞是药食同源的植物,具有重要的药用价值和经济价值,枸杞遗传背景复杂,对其种质资源遗传变异和种质资源的遗传背的研究还不充分。本研究对24个枸杞种质资源采用SSR分子标记进行了遗传多样性。在17对SSR引物上共检测到96个条带,其中有59条多态性条带,多态性条带比率为61.5%。每个SSR位点的PIC值为0.37~0.60,平均值为0.45。NTSYS类平均法聚类结果显示,24份枸杞供试品种遗传相似性系数介于0.263?0.954之间,在相似系数0.56处被分为9大类群。这将为进一步开展枸杞种质资源评价、新品种选育和合理利用提供科学院依据。  相似文献