中国现有葡萄品种叶片形态评价与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨鑫  孙宇杰  周碧江  付文静  房玉林  孟江飞 《北方园艺》2021,(1):23-29

以中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所葡萄资源圃中保存的342个葡萄品种的成熟叶片为试材,采用度量性状与非度量性状相结合的调查方法,研究了供试葡萄品种的叶宽等9个度量性状和叶片形状等8个非度量性状,以期为进一步建立葡萄种质资源叶片性状数据库奠定基础。结果表明:现有栽培葡萄品种的叶片形状主要为楔形和五角形;9个度量性状具有明显的变异性,且与长度有关的度量性状变异系数均大于16.51%;主成分分析表明与长度有关的度量性状为第一主成分,与角度有关的为第二主成分,与比值有关的为第三主成分,累计贡献率达到77.186%。  相似文献   

辽西地区引种野杏数量性状研究     

于庆福  董胜君 《北方园艺》2021,(1):30-35

以辽西地区26个野杏无性系为试材,采用变异性分析、方差分析以及主成分分析等方法,研究了其25个数量性状的变异特点,以期为野杏无性系的遗传多样性研究和良种选育提供重要参考依据。结果表明:19个数量性状呈正态分布;25个野杏无性系数量性状变异系数均值23%,其中22个数量性状的变异系数在10%以上,小枝长度变异系数最大,达64%,单果质量、单核质量、单仁质量的变异系数分别为24%、21%和18%,表明野杏无性系数量性状变异程度丰富,选择潜力较大。野杏无性系果实性状重复力普遍偏高,核仁主要性状重复力次之,树体主要数量性状重复力较二者偏低,均达到极显著水平;果核仁性状的重复力除单果质量、单核质量和仁厚分别为0.634、0.756和0.624外,其它指标皆在0.909以上,其中仁长重复力最高,达0.973。主成分分析结果表明,前6个主成分累积贡献率达83.50%,能够反映野杏无性系数量性状的大部分信息;其中第1主成分主要反映野杏果核仁等经济性状。  相似文献   

苹果杂交后代果实性状遗传变异分析     

刘振中  樊红科  高华  赵政阳 《北方园艺》2012,(5):5-8

以216株"富士"×"粉红女士"杂交F1代实生苗为试材,对果实大小、果实形状、果实色泽、风味、成熟期等性状遗传表现进行了研究。结果表明:苹果果皮表色遗传表现为简单的质量遗传,红色遗传表现为多基因控制的数量遗传。果形表现了明显的趋中变异现象,果实大小、可溶性固形物及含糖量呈退化的负向优势,后代群体有劣变趋势。杂交后代果实分别呈现肉质变粗、质地变硬、果汁减少的趋势。双亲晚熟,杂交后代未分离早熟类型,表现双亲遗传优势。  相似文献   

不同产地红松苗期生长的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

尚福强  王行轩  张利民 《辽宁林业科技》2012,(5):8-10,31

为探讨不同种源在辽东山区的生长表现,对17个产地红松子代在辽宁省草河口镇的苗期生长性状进行调查分析,结果表明,红松苗高和地径的生长在产地间的差异达到极显著水平,辽宁地区种源普遍优于吉林、黑龙江地区种源;红松苗期生长性状的基本变异模式是海拔垂直梯度为主,纬向渐变为辅的连续型变异。  相似文献   

Distribution and Dynamics of Phosphorus in an Agricultural Watershed with a Long-Term History of Poultry Waste Application     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(17):2057-2074

The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of long-term broiler litter application on soil phosphorus (P) and water quality and examine the spatial variations of soil P at a private poultry farm in Mississippi. Results indicated that the littered soil had 86 times more Mehlich III–extractable P in the surface horizon compared to the nonlittered soil. When compared to the runoff from nonlittered soil, mean soluble phosphate (PO₄)-P concentrations in the littered soil's runoff were 85 times greater throughout the study. Mass loss of P from the littered field was significantly greater than from the nonlittered field, and it decreased with each sequential runoff event. There were no linear relationships between the spatial variations of litter application rates and the P spatial variability in the littered soil; however, the variations in soil P levels could be a result of the cumulative effects of more than 20 years of litter application.  相似文献   

蝴蝶兰27个品种观赏性状评价   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈和明  朱根发  操君喜  李佐  尤毅  肖文芳  李冬梅  吕复兵 《热带作物学报》2013,34(6):1060-1064

应用主成分分析法对蝴蝶兰27个品种的12个观赏性状进行分析.结果表明:12个性状指标可以分为6个主成分.主成分的方差贡献率达全部性状信息的86.61％；通过计算各品种的重要主成分值.得出10个观赏性状优良的品种.其结果与实际情况相近.  相似文献   

Attenuation of Virulent Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain CH-la and Genetic Variation of ORF5 Gene     

CAI Xue-hui  WU Guo-jun  LIU Yong-gang  LIU Guang-qing  SHI Wen-da  WANG Shu-jie  MAPing  LI Cheng-jun  HAN Wen-yu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2012,(12):2035-2042

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小麦醇溶蛋白组分的遗传研究     

蔡岳 《北京农业》2011,(36):20-21

选取杂交组合(晋麦13×晋农190)通过A-PAGE技术并结合统计分析,分析了单个醇溶蛋白谱带在杂交后代中的遗传规律。醇溶蛋白谱带遗传在F2代表现为:6条谱带的分离(出现/缺失的比率)符合一对基因的分离规律,它们分别是13.9、23.2、26.0、40.2、50.0和71.5;5条谱带的分离符合两对有互补作用的基因的分离规律,它们分别是12.9、15.7、17.8、32.2、76.8,另外有2条谱带的分离符合两对独立基因的分离规律,它们分别是16.5、19.1。  相似文献   

鸡Lpin1基因3′-UTR遗传变异及其对miRNA结合位点的潜在效应     

李素雅  张建宏  陈文  黄艳群  孙桂荣  韩瑞丽  康相涛 《中国农业科学》2012,45(8):1613-1620

【目的】研究鸡Lpin1基因3′-UTR遗传变异/单倍型及其在品种间的分布，并预测这些变异对miRNA结合位点的潜在效应。【方法】根据鸡Lpin1基因组序列（GenBank登录号：NC_006090）设计一对特异性引物，采用PCR直接测序结合克隆测序的方法，进行鸡Lpin1基因3′-UTR及其邻近外显子在品种间的遗传变异/单倍型分析。【结果】①从6个品种中发现了8个变异位点，包含两个插入/缺失变异。这些变异均位于鸡Lpin1基因的3′-UTR，3′-UTR的变异频率为17SNPs/kb；②在鸡Lpin1基因3′-UTR区域，从固始鸡、卢氏绿壳蛋鸡中分别检测到7个变异位点，未检测到河南斗鸡品种内的变异；③用次要等位基因频率≥5%的6个变异位点（g.11A＞T，g.77C＞G，g.108_109delinsG，g.110_111delinsG，g.270A＞G和g.348G＞T）进行单倍型的构建和分析，从6个品种鸡中共检测到6种单倍型，其中P1和P4单倍型是群体的优势单倍型，频率均大于30%，河南斗鸡仅包含一种单倍型；④g.77C＞G变异可引起多个miRNA结合位点的增加/丢失。【结论】鸡Lpin1基因3′-UTR具有丰富的变异，3′-UTR变异位点/单倍型在品种间的分布存在明显的差异。  相似文献   

Morphological variability of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and brown trout Salmo trutta in different river environments     

Thomas J. Drinan  Phil McGinnity  Jamie P. Coughlan  Tom F. Cross  Simon S.C. Harrison 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2012,21(3):420-432

Abstract – The morphologies of sympatric juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar parr and brown trout Salmo trutta parr were compared between Irish rivers with contrasting hydraulic environments – a high‐gradient and a low‐gradient tributary from the River Barrow catchment, south‐east Ireland and a high‐gradient river from the Burrishoole catchment, west of Ireland. The two catchments differ markedly in mean annual precipitation (849.0 mm year^?1 and 1370.3 mm year^?1 for the Barrow and Burrishoole catchments, respectively). Parr of both species demonstrated morphological variation between and within catchments. Changes in metrics such as pectoral fin length, body depth and body length between and within catchments suggest that hydraulic forces were a major determinant of morphological variation. Both species from the Burrishoole catchment had relatively larger pectoral fins, longer heads, larger eyes and shallower bodies than conspecifics from the Barrow catchment. In rivers subject to frequent rainfall‐driven high discharges, such as those in the Burrishoole catchment, a more fusiform body and head shape coupled with larger pectoral fins may reduce the energetic cost of maintaining position in the water column, as well as increase stability and manoeuvrability. The larger eyes in both parr species in the Burrishoole catchment could further be a response to the lower visibility of the more turbid and peat‐stained waters or to the reduced prey availability. The results of this study demonstrate that local adaptation to flow conditions can yield morphologically distinct populations and that multiple species can exhibit parallel phenotypic responses to changing environmental conditions.  相似文献