Simple method for synthesizing phenolicβ-O-4 dilignols     

Shingo Kawai  Kyoko Okita  Kazuhiro Sugishita  Ai Tanaka  Hideo Ohash 《Journal of Wood Science》1999,45(5):440-443

A modified synthetic method for phenolic-O-4 lignin substructure model dimers was developed involving protection of the phenolic hydroxyl group of acetophenons with benzoyl chloride, bromination with 4-dimethylaminopyridiniumbromide perbromide, condensation with phenols in the presence of 18-crown-6-ether, condensation with paraformaldehyde, reduction with NaBH₄ and debenzoylation. This method results in shorter reaction times and increasing yields without the application of strict anhydrous and drastic conditions or chloric solvents. This alternative route could be applied to the-O-4 dilignol syntheses of four combinations of guaiacyl and syringyl derivatives.  相似文献   

EFFECTIVENESS OF ACEPHATE IMPLANTS IN PROTECTING CONES FROM INSECT DAMAGE IN SOME CONIFERFORESTS OF NORTHEASTERN CHINA     

孙江华  张旭东  徐善彬  徐永波  王洪彬  李成德 《林业研究》1995,6(4):41-45

lNTRoDUCTloNInChina,onlyafewexperimentshavebeenperfbrmedtotestinsecticidessusceptibletopreventconesandseedsfrominsectdamage(Anonymousl986,GaoBuquetal.l99l,YueShukuil992,LiuYikong1993).Moreover,thesetestsonlyconsistedofsprayingchemi-cals,thatmayinduceharInfulconsequencesuponenvironment.TheintensifiedeffoftofafforestationinNortleasternChinarecentlyrequiredtoestablishlnyenumbersofseedorchards,aswellasparent-trCestands,inordertoprovideforesterswithhigh-qualityseeds,especiallyinlarch.Thispr…  相似文献   

甘蔗渣苯甲基化改性研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

万东北  罗序中  黄桂萍  曾国林 《林业科技》2005,30(3):57-59

以NaOH作为润胀荆及催化剂，以氯化苄为醚化剂对甘蔗渣进行了苯甲基化改性，研究了氯化苄用量、反应温度、碱用量及反应时间对甘蔗渣苯甲基化反应的影响，并用红外光谱对苯甲基化甘蔗渣进行了初步表征。  相似文献   

微波辅助法提取滁菊花水溶性成分的试验研究     

易克传  岳鹏翔  李慧 《中国林副特产》2007,(1):5-7

以微波处理为辅助手段,应用水浴法提取菊花中水溶性成分。对利用微波技术提取菊花水溶性成分的工艺条件进行了研究,通过单因素和正交试验,考察了影响提取得率的因素,得出微波辅助法提取菊花水溶性成分的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1g∶30ml,在微波功率为175W条件下处理时间10min,再在70℃水浴锅中浸提30min,得到总水溶性成分提取得率在43.1%。  相似文献   

马尾松针叶萜类组成及化学分类的研究     

粟子安  王淑萍 《林产化学与工业》1996,16(4):41-46

研究了安徽电溪戏剧性以种源试验林场不同种源的戏剧性以及南京等地工的马尾松共１２０余株针叶中的萜类化学组成。结果表明在挥发油中主要含有α－蒎烯、莰烯、β－蒎烯、乙酸芳樟酯等８个单萜类成分和β－石竹烯等１１个倍半萜成分。在酸性部分主含４种脂肪酸和１３种二萜酸。根据其二萜酸组成将戏剧性以分成７个化学类型，它们分别是１９－甲基贝壳极酸型，泪极醚酸型、１复瓦杉酸型、湿地松酸型、泪杉醚酸＋１９－甲基贝壳极酸型  相似文献   

国外引种松树松脂化学组成的特征   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8  

宋湛谦  刘星 《林产化学与工业》1993,13(4):277-287

Ｗ．Ｂ．Ｃｒｉｔｃｈｆｉｅｌｄ和Ｅ．Ｌ．Ｌｉｔｔｌｅ，Ｊｒ．将油松组松树分成６个亚组。本文采用ＧＣ、ＧＣ－ＭＳ方法对分属４个亚组的１６种国外引种松树松脂化学组成的特征进行研究，发现每一个亚组的松脂各有其特点。马尾松、黄山松等国内松树树种与黑松、琉球松、同属一个亚组，其松脂的化学特征比较相似；而与湿地松、火炬松等另一亚组松脂则有较大区别，说明亚组的划分有利于松树的化学分类。不同地理变种的加勒比松松脂  相似文献   

Mechanical properties of wood in an unstable state due to temperature changes,and analysis of the relevant mechanism IV: effect of chemical components on destabilization of wood     

Yue Wang  Ikuho Iida  Kazuya Minato 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(5):381-387

In order to investigate the effects of chemical components and matrix structure on the destabilization of quenched wood, we examined the physical and mechanical properties of steam-treated wood, hemicellulose-extracted wood, and delignified wood, which were treated at different levels. For steam-treated and hemicellulose-extracted wood,the relative relaxation modulus of the quenched sample was lower than that of the respective control sample. For delignified wood, the relative relaxation modulus fell with weight loss and reached a minimum value at a certain weight loss, and subsequently increased significantly. The hygroscopicity of all treated samples changed slightly by steaming, whereas increased with removing the component. More-over, the average volumetric swelling per 1% MC at 100% relative humidity (RH) was less than at 75% RH and 93% RH for component-removed wood. It was clear that a void structure existed. As a result, the destabilization evaluated by the fluidity (1 - E _t/E ₀) of steam-treated wood was influenced by the amount of adsorbed water. For component-removed wood, destabilization increased temporarily at lower weight loss because of nonuniform cohesive structure. At high weight loss, destabilization will decreased because capillary-condensed water gathered in the voids and obstructed the motion of adsorbed water. However, the destabilization of all treated wood changed less than that of chemically modified wood.  相似文献   

Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis of lignin-derived products from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptomeria japonica</Emphasis> treated in supercritical water     

Daishi?Takada  Katsunobu?Ehara  Shiro?SakaEmail author 《Journal of Wood Science》2004,50(3):253-259

Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) wood was treated with supercritical water (374°C, 22.1MPa), and fractionated into the water-soluble portion, the methanol-soluble portion, and the methanol-insoluble residue. The methanol-soluble portion mainly consisted of the lignin-derived products. To characterize the compounds in the methanol-soluble portion, gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analyses were performed. The GPC analysis indicated that the methanol-soluble portion contained lignin-derived monomeric and dimeric products. GC-MS analysis detected 31 products which were expected to be monomeric compounds, and 18 of these were identified to be guaiacol, methylguaiacol, ethylguaiacol, vinylguaiacol, eugenol, propylguaiacol, vanillin, cis-isoeugenol, homovanillin, trans-isoeugenol, acetoguaiacone, propioguaiacone, guaiacylacetone, 2-methoxy-4-(1-hydroxypropyl)phenol, homovanillic acid, 2-methoxy-4-(prop-1-en-3-one)phenol, coniferyl aldehyde, and ferulic acid. In addition, 22 dimeric products were detected, and 4 of these were believed to be compounds with biphenyl type (5-5), diphenylethane type (-1), stilbene type (-1), and phenylcoumaran type (-5) structures. These results clearly indicated that the methanol-soluble portion included various monomeric and dimeric compounds produced as a result of the cleavage of ether linkages and propyl chains of lignin.  相似文献   

9种中药成分对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒体外增殖的抑制作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张为民  胡蓉  郭抗抗  宁蓬勃  张彦明  卿素珠 《中国兽医学报》2015,35(5):799-803

运用MTT法结合细胞病变方法测定黄芩苷、穿心莲内酯、大黄素、大黄酸、芦荟大黄素、大黄素甲醚、苦参碱、氧化苦参碱和苦马豆素9种中药成分对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)在ST细胞上增殖的抑制作用,实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)进一步检测黄芩苷对TGEV在ST细胞上增殖的抑制作用。结果显示,9种中药成分在体外对TGEV在ST细胞上的增殖均有一定的抑制作用,其中黄芩苷对TGEV的生物合成、吸附保护和直接灭活作用的抑制率分别为58.23%、88.12%和100.00%;Real-time PCR检测黄芩苷3种给药方式均能在转录水平显著降低TGEV mRNA的相对表达量,与病毒对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01)。结果表明,9种中药成分在体外对TGEV在ST细胞上的增殖均有一定的抑制作用,以黄芩苷作用最好。  相似文献   

西藏草原5种主要有毒植物营养成分     

刘晓学  严杜建  吴晨晨  王建国  赵宝玉  曹丹丹  马烽  冯柯 《草业科学》2015,32(6):851-858

采用国家标准法对西藏天然草原茎直黄芪(Astragalus strictus)、甘肃棘豆(Oxytropis kansuensis)、毛瓣棘豆(Oxytropis sericopetala)、瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)和藏橐吾(Ligularia rumicifolia)5种主要有毒植物不同物候期常规营养成分和矿质元素含量进行测定。结果显示,在5种植物中,粗蛋白平均含量以茎直黄芪最高,其次为甘肃棘豆,且两者粗蛋白含量均超过19%;茎直黄芪中花期粗蛋白含量最高,花前期最低,花期和花果期差异不显著(P0.05);而甘肃棘豆中粗蛋白含量以花前期最高,花果期最低,花前期和花期差异不显著。粗纤维平均含量由高到低依次为毛瓣棘豆、藏橐吾、茎直黄芪、甘肃棘豆和瑞香狼毒,且均以花果期最高,花前期最低。5种植物Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn和Zn含量均以花前期最高,花期次之,花果期最低;但Se含量花果期相对较高。由此得出,茎直黄芪和甘肃棘豆营养较为丰富,具有潜在饲用价值,毛瓣棘豆、瑞香狼毒和藏橐吾营养价值偏低。  相似文献