Physical,Chemical and Biological Properties of an Accelerated Cassava Based Compost Prepared Using Different Ratios of Cassava Peels and Poultry Manure     

Abigail Oluremi Ojo  Lateef Bamidele Taiwo  James Alabi Adediran  Adedayo Omowunmi Oyedele  IbukunO. Fademi  Azarel Caldbak Oladotun Uthman 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(14):1774-1786

Monitoring the physical, chemical and biological properties during accelerated composting enables concise determination of its stability and maturity. Determination of physical parameters such as pH, moisture and temperature, chemical parameters such as total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), organic matter and humic acid as well as biological parameters such as microbial count and carbon dioxide (CO₂) evolution was carried out during a four (4) week composting period, The trend observed for pH showed the mesophilic and thermophilic phases and a similar trend was observed for the compost temperature. Intermittent increase and decrease was observed for total N, P, K as well as for the fungal and bacterial population. A direct relationship was observed among the bacterial population, CO₂ evolution and humic acid. However, composting for four (4) weeks produced a stable compost, which was evident through the physical observation of the final product and the results obtained for the chemical and biological parameters.  相似文献   

污泥堆肥前后重金属Ni和Cd形态变化研究     

潘玉  郭浩磊  曾正中  徐燕  张贺飞  南忠仁 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(31):17708-17709

[目的]研究堆肥化处理对污泥中重金属Ni和Cd的含量及形态的影响。[方法]通过添加木屑调节城市污泥的C／N比,进行堆肥化处理,研究堆肥前后重金属M和Cd的总量及形态分布变化。[结果]堆肥化处理后,明显改变了Ni和Cd的形态分布,明显降低了Ni的不稳定态含量,在一定程度上降低了Cd的生物有效性,起到一定的钝化作用,但使Ni和Cd的总量浓度略有上升。[结论]该研究为重金属的活性控制提供理论依据,从而提高污泥土地利用率。  相似文献   

酶对牛粪堆肥物质转化的影响（摘要）（英文）   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任平  徐升运  阮祥稳  赵文娟 《农业科学与技术》2010,11(3):143-146

[目的]研究复合酶添加对牛粪堆肥组分的变化。[方法]试验设置2.0%酶处理组、1.5%酶处理组和对照组,对牛粪堆肥期间的温度、水分、pH值、粗纤维、总有机碳（TOC）、全氮（TN）和发芽指数（GI）进行分析。堆肥含水量测定采用烘干法;粗纤维测定采用酸碱法（以风干物料中的含量来计算）;总有机碳测定采用重铬酸钾容量法;全氮测定采用凯氏定氮法;pH值用S-3C型pH计测定,测定溶液为1：5固液比的浸提滤液;GI测定是将上述滤液10 ml置于垫有滤纸的培养皿中,同时设置空白对照（蒸馏水）,每个培养皿内放10粒饱满的小青菜种子,然后将其置于30℃培养箱中培养,48 h后测定发芽率和根长,计算发芽指数（GI）。[结果]添加复合酶牛粪堆肥可加速堆肥前期有机物的降解。堆肥期间,2.0%酶处理组、1.5%酶处理组和对照组的粗纤维降幅分别为49.6%、47.0%和29.1%,TOC降幅分别为41.7%、35.3%和21.1%,全氮降幅（前21 d）分别为32.6%、26.8%和19.2%。2.0%酶处理组和1.5%酶处理组堆肥30 d可达到基本腐熟的程度。[结论]复合酶的添加缩短了堆肥周期,有利于牛粪堆肥的腐熟。  相似文献   

城市污泥堆肥前后病原菌的变化规律研究     

杨玉荣  魏静  李倩茹 《河北农业科学》2011,15(1):76-77

研究了城市污泥快速堆肥前后病原菌数量的变化。结果表明：堆肥处理后病原菌数量虽有所下降,但不能达到完全消灭病原菌的目的。  相似文献   

工厂化金针菇菌糠栽培秀珍菇配方筛选试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宫志远  韩建东  任鹏飞  任海霞 《中国食用菌》2010,29(4):14-16

以工厂化栽培金针菇的废菌糠为主要基质,与棉籽壳和玉米芯等配制成不同的组合进行袋栽秀珍菇(设秀珍菇57和台湾秀珍菇2个品种)配方筛选试验。结果表明,不同配方上秀珍菇长势均良好,在金针菇菌糠含量为60%的情况下,随着培养料中棉籽壳含量的增加,秀珍菇的产量也逐渐增加,其中以配方3的投入产出比最高,成本较对照降低约26.9%,2个品种产量均明显提高。  相似文献   

Compost,Lime, and Rock Phosphate Effects on Organic White Cabbage Growth and Nutrient Uptake     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(21):3177-3186

Organic white cabbage response to the application of a source-separated municipal organic-waste compost, lime, and Gafsa phosphate was investigated throughout a randomized block pot experiment under greenhouse conditions. Cabbage yield and nitrogen (N) uptake increased with all fertilizes; however, lime and phosphate effects on cabbage yield were enhanced when the compost was not applied. Phosphate application partially replaced the need for lime, showing that liming has to be estimated based on soil acidity but also on soil P availability and phosphate recommendation. Partitioning of N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) between leaves and roots was held for the benefit of the leaves, but to a lesser extent for P and Ca, compared to for N and K. This study shows the importance of P availability to improve cabbage growth and recommends source-separated organic waste compost to increase soil N availability for organic cabbage.  相似文献   

Improving Soil Fertility to Support Grass–Legume Revegetation on Lignite Mine Spoils     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(11):1565-1582

The short-term sequential effects of different treatments on soil fertility and revegetation of mine spoils were examined in a lignite mine in northwestern Spain. Experimental plots were established both on old and recent spoils after tillage and treated with compost or nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), + magnesium limestone before seeding with a grass–legume species mixture. Compost improved plant production and, contrary to NPK, maintained soil N levels and supplied enough P for the establishment and early growth of the vegetation. Severe magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and K limitations in recent spoils were only alleviated by compost + magnesium limestone, allowing the rapid growth and coating of the soil surface. The amendment based on NPK + magnesium limestone improved plant production in the short term but caused proliferation of weeds. Results suggest that revegetation in combination with the appropriate amendments is a key issue for the reclamation of lignite mine spoils.  相似文献   

Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration by Long-Term Application of Manures Prepared from Trianthema portulacastrurm Linn     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(20):2579-2592

ABSTRACT

A 6-year field experiment was conducted at Maharashtra, India, from 2011 to 2017 on a silty clay soil, to study the impact of organic manure prepared from common weed Trianthema portulacastrurm Linn. on soybean-fodder maize crop system and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Organic manures were prepared from Trianthema as compost, vermicompost, dry leaf powder and were compared with application of Farm Yard Manure (FYM), chemical fertilizer treatment (NPK), and control. All treatments were repeated to same earlier treated plots every year for subsequent 6 years. Soil samples were analyzed before experiment and after harvesting of crops at the end of 6 years. All organic manures prepared from Trianthema and FYM increased SOC, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil as compared to chemical fertilizer treatment and control. The overall increase in SOC content in the 0–60-cm soil depth in vermicompost treatment was 3.51 Mg C ha^?1 as compared to control at the end of this 6 years experiment at the carbon sequestration rate of 585 kg ha^?1 year^?1. Preparation and use of different manures from Trianthema will increase the carbon sequestration in soil, a measure to mitigate global warming.  相似文献   

华南蚕区蚕沙产地无害化和肥料化处理技术体系构建思路     

廖森泰  杨琼  张发宝  肖更生  罗国庆  高云超  吴娱明  邢东旭  黄勇 《蚕业科学》2011,37(6):1086-1088

调查华南蚕区现有的蚕沙处理主要有分散简易堆肥、沼气发酵和集中资源化利用处理3种模式。针对该蚕区高温多湿的环境,以及一年多次养蚕,蚕沙生产量大的情况,提出因地制宜,采用简易蚕沙池改造升级、小型设施堆肥处理、小规模集约化堆肥处理等多种模式相结合的蚕沙好氧堆肥处理技术,并通过蚕沙堆肥过程与条件的控制,达到蚕沙病原菌灭活无害化、蚕沙堆肥发酵完全熟化和蚕沙作为桑园肥料应用无风险的目的,构建蚕沙产地无害化和肥料化处理技术体系。  相似文献   

The Impact of Fertilization Methods on the Nutrient Balance and Changes of Soil Chemical Features in Crop Rotation     

Jan Adamiak  Arkadiusz Stępień  Ewa Adamiak  Dariusz Klimek 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(5):435-443

The effect of various fertilization methods on the simplified nutrients balance and changes of soil chemical features in crop rotation was estimated on the basis of 7-year (1994-2000) studies carried out on loess-based, sedimentary-gley, light-clay soil. Different fertilization methods were used: A - mineral fertilization; B - mineral and manure fertilization; C - straw, green manure and mineral fertilization; D - ecological compost and biodynamic preparation fertilization. Particular fertilization methods caused a significant differentiation of the nutrients balance. A positive phosphorus balance was found out in all the fertilization systems. It has been observed that the nitrogen and potassium carry-in with fertilizers was higher than the carry-out with crops in system B and C. A favorable calcium balance was achieved in systems C and D while a favorable magnesium balance - only in the ecologically fertilized systems (D). The changes of soil chemical features were only insignificantly dependent on the nutrient balance. After seven years of research, the contents of humus, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium increased while the soil reaction decreased in the soil of all the fertilized systems except the ecologically fertilized system.  相似文献