排序方式： 共有58条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
A.N. Maria A.T.M. Viveiros R.T.F. Freitas A.V. Oliveira 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,260(1-4):298-306
The aim of this study was to develop a protocol for semen storage of piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus) by both cool storage at 4 °C and cryopreservation at − 196 °C. Semen was diluted in some fish semen extenders (Exp. 1) or in extenders combined with the antibiotic gentamycin sulfate (Exp. 2) and stored at 4 °C. Sperm motility was estimated every 24 h. Then, the effects of egg yolk (0 and 5%), cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulphoxide — DMSO, methanol, and methylglycol) and extenders (NaCl 154 mM, BTS™ Minitub and M III™ Minitub) on semen cryopreservation were evaluated (Exp. 3). Semen was added to each of eighteen cryosolutions (2 yolk concentrations × 3 cryoprotectants × 3 extenders), aspirated into 0.5-mL straws, frozen in nitrogen vapor (Taylor-Wharton, CP 300, “dry shipper”) and stored at − 196 °C. Sperm motility was evaluated after thawing at 60 °C-water bath for 8 s. The three cryosolutions that produced the highest post-thaw sperm motility were used again to freeze semen. Post-thaw semen quality was then evaluated under three tests: sperm motility, the percentage of live spermatozoa and hatching rate (Exp. 4). Piracanjuba semen diluted (1:10 total volume) in NaCl 200 mM or in Saad solution (NaCl 200 mM, Tris 30 mM) maintained motility above 35% for as long as 7 days, at 4 °C. Motility of only 7% was observed on undiluted semen after 3 days at 4 °C. There was neither beneficial nor detrimental effect of gentamycin on sperm motility at 250 μg/mL. Egg yolk addition to the cryosolution was beneficial in samples cryopreserved in NaCl 154 mM and in M III™, but detrimental for samples cryopreserved in BTS™. Methylglycol was the most effective cryoprotector compared to DMSO and methanol. Motility and percentage of live spermatozoa were similar among semen cryopreserved in NaCl–yolk, M III™–yolk and BTS™, all containing 10% methylglycol, but lower than fresh control. Hatching rates of eggs fertilized with sperm cryopreserved in NaCl–yolk or BTS™ were higher than for eggs fertilized with sperm cryopreserved in M III™–yolk, but lower than control fertilizations. The semen cryopreservation protocols developed here will be used to set up a gene bank for endangered piracanjuba populations. 相似文献
33.
Evaluation of early mature naked oat varieties as a summer-seeded crop in dryland northern climate regions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Increased land degradation and shortage of forage resources for animal production over-winter have accentuated the need for alternative cropping systems in northeast China. While short frost-free period and cool temperatures are major limitations to cereal grain production in the northern regions of China (45°N, 122°E), crop varieties that are able to produce food and feed in short growing season and tolerant to low temperature may extend the total cropping period. Three hulless oat (Avena sativa L.) lines, Baiyan 9015, Baiyan 9017 and Baiyan 9044, were bred and tested for 3 years (2004–2006) to determine their suitability for summer seeding in a double cropping system. The new lines were sown both in the spring and summer to provide growers with opportunities to harvest two grain-crops in a year. Averaged across 3 years, Baiyan 9044 produced 2.5 and 1.6 Mg ha−1 yr−1 grain yield when sown in spring and summer, respectively. The new lines seeded in 20th or 21st July and harvested in early October allowed utilization of an average of over 1500 growing degree days (GDDs). For grain yield alone, the net income for two oat crops a year was up to 1390 Chinese yuan (RMB) ha−1, more than that of growing a single oat crop in 3 years, or in most cases, equivalent to monocultured corn (Zea mays L.) production, the dominant crop in the region. In addition, an average of 5 Mg ha−1 of oat straw was produced as valuable forage fodder for the livestock industry, which was in great demand for over-wintering animals. Furthermore, in the traditional single small grain cereal cropping system, bare ground after harvest leads to severe water and wind erosions. Our results indicate that the new oat lines could be a potential crop for summer seeding, particularly when spring-seeded crops fail due to abiotic (hail, drought, etc.) or biotic (e.g. insects) stresses. The double cropping system provides growers with a potential opportunity to facilitate the farming strategy of food, cash crops and control soil erosion in the region. 相似文献
34.
Carabid beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae) were sampled with pitfall traps in central Tasmania to assess the conservation utility of wildlife habitat strips (WHS) in native high-altitude wet eucalypt forest. Sampling followed a Before-After, Control-Impact design, with replicated samples being collected at one control site and two treatment sites, both before harvesting and then again seven to eight years after the harvest that established the WHS. Catches of carabid beetles decreased in harvested areas, but there were great increases in species richness and gross changes in assemblage composition — largely attributable to the colonisation of young-forest specialist species. Assemblages in the control site remained essentially unchanged, and were dominated by mature-forest specialist species. Assemblages in the WHS changed little compared to their pre-harvest condition, but assemblage structure was slightly affected. In this particular landscape, WHS appear to effectively maintain carabid assemblages typical of intact mature native forest, at least in the short-term. A broader and longer-term assessment of the ecological performance of WHS across Tasmania would be required to assess the long-term viability of WHS as a conservation strategy for carabids and other species requiring mature forest. 相似文献
35.
秋季低温对水稻空瘪率的影响和有关指标值的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验旨在探索秋季低温对水稻开花结实影响的若干不够明确的问题。结果表明:低温指标中,日平均温度是主要指标;日最低温度是减数分裂期的辅助指标;日最高温度是开花期的辅助指标。如在不同低温敏感期均受害较重,则低温危害表现为累加效应。计算低温临界温度时,籼粳稻均以连续三天的温度平均为好。提出了开花期籼稻、籼型杂交稻、中粳、晚粳四类型的低温临界值。开花期的日温差过大或过小均导致空瘪率上升。气象因子中,温度对空瘪率的影响最大;适温条件下,空瘪率与日照呈负相关:雨量与空瘪率关系不显著。 相似文献
36.
低温与维生素E对笼养蛋雏鸭生长性能、抗氧化能力及血糖血脂的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本试验旨在研究适温、低温的环境中日粮添加不同水平(20、220和420IU/kg)的维生素E(VE)对蛋雏鸭生长性能、抗氧化能力及血液中血糖血脂浓度的影响。以1日龄蛋雏鸭为试验动物,采用2×3(温度×VE)重复试验设计。结果表明,低温显著降低雏鸭生长性能,提高采食量(P<0.01)和料重比(P<0.01),降低日增重(P<0.01)。与添加20IU/kg处理组相比,添加220和420IU/kg的VE对提高全期平均日增重和改善饲料转化率有显著作用(P<0.01)。温度对血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),丙二醛(MDA)水平无显著影响,而添加220和420IU/kg的VE会使雏鸭血清中总抗氧化能力T-AOC显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛MDA水平降低。温度对甘油三酯,葡萄糖的影响极显著(P<0.01),甘油三酯、葡萄糖浓度均随温度降低而升高(P<0.01),而随添加VE浓度升高均有降低的趋势(P>0.05)。因此,日粮中添加220和420IU/kg的VE能显著改善生长性能,提高机体抗氧化能力,在一定程度上调节机体血糖血脂代谢。VE添加水平为220IU/kg时在正常育雏温度和低于正常育雏温度(5±1)℃下的生长性能和抗氧化能力均较好。 相似文献
37.
Von D. Jolley John C. Brown James C. Pushnik Gene W. Miller 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):333-351
Cool white fluorescent (CWF) light reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+ while low pressure sodium (LPS) light does not. Cotton plants grown under CWF light are green, while those yrown under LPS light develop a chlorosis very similar to the chlorosis that develops when the plants are deficient in iron (Fe). It could be that CWF light (which has ultra violet) makes iron more available for plant use by maintaining more Fe2+ in the plant. Two of the factors commonly induced by Fe‐stress in dicotyledonous plants‐‐hydroyen ions and reductants released by the roots‐‐were measured as indicators of the Fe‐deficiency stress response mechanism in M8 cotton. The plants were grown under LPS and CWF light in nutrient solutions containing either NO3‐N or NH4‐N as the source of nitrogen, and also in a fertilized alkaline soil. Leaf chlorophyll concentration varied significantly in plants grown under the two light sources as follows: CWF+Fe > LPS+Fe > CWF‐Fe ≥ LPS‐Fe. The leaf nitrate and root Fe concentrations were significantly greater and leaf Fe was generally lower in plants grown under LPS than CWF light. Hydrogen ions were extruded by Fe‐deficiency stressed roots grown under either LPS or CWF light, but “reductants”; were extruded only by the plants grown under CWF light. In tests demonstrating the ability of light to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ in solutions, enough ultra violet penetrated the chlorotic leaf of LPS yrown plants to reduce some Fe3+ in a beaker below, but no reduction was evident through a yreen CWF grown leaf. The chlorosis that developed in these cotton plants appeared to be induced by a response to the source of liyht and not by the fertilizer added. It seems possible that ultra violet liyht could affect the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ in leaves and thus control the availability of this iron to biological systems requiring iron in the plant. 相似文献
38.
河北接坝冷凉地区,被省政府列为无公害时差蔬菜生产基地。蔬菜产品数量、质量和市场占有率均有较强优势。但是,通过对时差蔬菜产业现状分析,仍然存在时间差未发挥优势、品种单一,科技含量低,营销体系不健全、产品精深加能力差、集约化生产能力低等制约因素。因此,必须采取加大新品种、新技术引进推广力度,加大投入和招商引资力度,强化监管部门的职能和推广综合化服务先进模式,加强流通体系建设,实现规模化、标准化、系列化生产经营模式,增强品种意识,形成品牌优势等策略。完善中介组织,创办产业协会,通过政府扶持,开通绿色通道,促进时差蔬菜产业发展。 相似文献
39.
以5种冷季型草坪草高羊茅(F.arundinaces Schreb.)、紫羊茅(F.rubra L.)、草地早熟禾(P.pratensis L.)、多年生黑麦草(L.perene L.)、匍匐剪股颖(A.stolonifera L.)为研究材料,对其坪用指标进行了调查测定,并对其坪用价值进行了综合评定。结果表明:草地早熟禾、匍匐剪股颖适宜于观赏性草坪;高羊茅适宜于运动草坪和游憩草坪;多年生黑麦草适宜于水土保持草坪。 相似文献
40.
Akira Haraguchi Chiaki Hasegawa Akiko Hirayama Hisaya Kojima 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2003,39(4):191-196
Decomposition rates of peat and cellulose, and oxygen consumption rates were studied in three minerotrophic peat mires in Sasakami, central Japan. These mires had differences in topography, pedology and hydrology. Two dominant vegetation types in each mire, a Sphagnum palustre–S. cuspidatum community and a Rhynchospora fauriei community, were selected as the decomposition study sites. The objective of this study was to examine how the environmental and vegetational differences in mires correlate with the activity of decomposition. Decomposition rates of peat and the rates of cellulolysis were studied in the field for 6 months. Oxygen consumption rates were measured in the field using a closed chamber equipped with an oxygen electrode. In situ peat decomposition rates showed significant differences among the three mires, whereas in situ cellulolysis rates showed significant differences between communities. Peat mass loss rates positively correlated with the nitrogen and carbon concentration of the peat. Cellulolysis rates positively correlated with the range of water table fluctuation. Oxygen consumption rates showed significant negative correlation with the averaged and minimum water table depth, and positive correlation with the range of water table fluctuation. There was a significant positive correlation between cellulolysis rates and oxygen consumption rates. These are useful parameters for evaluating how the decomposition activity in soil depends on the vegetation types and water conditions. 相似文献