低温贮藏保鲜技术的发展概况   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王昱  李海燕  范杰英  姜晓莉  张世忠 《安徽农学通报》2009,15(16):227-230

本文叙述了低温贮藏保鲜技术的基本原理,包括动植物性食品低温贮藏原理。介绍了制冷技术、低温技术、低温贮藏的冷却冷冻保鲜技术、冷藏链的发展概况。最后针对实际存在的问题,提出了今后低温贮藏保鲜技术的发展建议。  相似文献   

通过低温贮藏原料延长软白桃罐头加工期的可行性研究     

王静  苗利军  王华 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(9):5324-5325

[目的]研究大久保桃(Amygdalus persica cv.‘Okubao’)经冷藏不同时间后采用适宜工艺生产的软白桃罐头的感官品质、理化指标及原料利用率的变化规律,探讨低温贮藏原料延长软白桃罐头加工期的可行性。[方法]试验设6个处理,分别记为A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6,其中A1冷藏温度为0～2℃,冷藏时间为0 d,追熟温度为30℃,追熟时间为3 d;A2冷藏温度为0～2℃,冷藏时间为6 d,追熟温度为30℃,追熟时间为3 d;A3冷藏温度为0～2℃,冷藏时间为12 d,追熟温度为30℃,追熟时间为3 d;A4冷藏温度为0～2℃,冷藏时间为18 d,追熟温度为30℃,追熟时间为3 d;A5冷藏温度为0～2℃,冷藏时间为24 d,追熟温度为30℃,追熟时间为2 d;A6冷藏温度为0～2℃,冷藏时间为30 d,追熟温度为25℃,追熟时间为2 d。[结果]大久保桃果实冷藏18 d内,罐藏制品的感官质量和理化指标与对照相比没有显著差异,原料利用率在冷藏18 d时为对照的90.1%。大久保桃贮藏超过18 d时,原料利用率降低显著,而且延长贮藏时间会增加贮藏费用,原料的成本也相应增加。[结论]大久保桃冷藏18 d进行罐藏制品加工具有扩大化生产的可行性。  相似文献   

Influences of ultra‐violet (UV)‐blue light radiation on the growth of cotton. II. Photosynthesis,leaf anatomy,and iron reduction     

James C. Pushnik  Gene W. Miller  Von D. Jolley  John C. Brown  Tim D. Davis  Annette M. Barnes 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(17):2283-2297

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants grown under low pressure sodium lamps (LPS) developed chlorosis which was similar in appearance to iron‐stress induced chlorosis, while plants under cool white fluorescent lamps (CWF) at the same level of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) developed normally. These illumination sources differ in spectral irradiance; CWF lamps emit ultra violet (UV), whereas LPS lamps do not. Ultraviolet radiation is capable of reducing Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ through a chlorotic leaf which may be important in establishing an active iron fraction in the leaf. Root reduction of Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ was lacking in Fe‐stressed cotton under LPS light, but was present under CWF light. Net photosynthesis, photosynthetic electron transport, and leaf chlorophyll content were lower under LPS than CWF light in most of the growing media studies (soil or solutions with nitrate‐ or ammonium‐nitrogen supplied). Chloroplast ultrastructure and leaf thickness were also altered by LPS irradiance. Electron microscopic studies with plants grown in nutrient solutions for 4 weeks suggested that chioroplastic granal disorganization was more directly associated with diminished iron supplies than with light source. However, plants grown in soil for 6 weeks under LPS light had granal disorganization similar to that found in iron‐stressed plants. These studies suggest an important role for UV radiation in influencing the activity of iron in plants.  相似文献   

冷藏对唐菖蒲切花瓶插的生理代谢和观赏品质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蔡永萍  严景华  张鹤英 《安徽农业科学》2000,28(3):386-388,400

结果表明 ,冷藏不仅缩短了唐菖蒲切花瓶插时间 ,也降低了切花的小花开放率。冷藏改变唐菖蒲切花生理生化状态。不仅造成切花失水 ,也影响切花瓶插时的吸水能力。此外 ,冷藏抑制切花的呼吸 ,减少切花内源GA和ZRS的含量 ,增加内源ABA含量  相似文献   

我国冷季性草坪草锈病的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨金红 《安徽农学通报》2008,14(13):158-160

锈病是冷季性草坪草上的重要病害之一,近年来在我国发生较为普遍。本文较系统的总结了我国冷季性草坪草锈病的分布与危害、症状类型与特点、病原种类以及病害发生规律,并对草坪草锈病的防治方法进行了较为详细的介绍。  相似文献   

影响亚热带高温高湿区冷季型草坪越夏的主要因素及其草坪发展对策     

张健  彭燕 《四川林业科技》1999,20(1):52-56

通过对泸州市新建草坪现状的典型调查，分析了影响冷季型草坪质量下降的主要原因，并提出相应的改善措施，综合探讨了促进亚热带高温高湿区草坪发展的对策。  相似文献   

浙江冷季型草坪枯草团发生规律及其病原菌种类的调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王国良  任善于 《安徽农业科学》1999,27(5):475-477

１９９７～１９９８年对宁波、鄞县、杭州等１１个县、市、区约１２万ｈｍ２ 的冷季型草坪进行调查，结果表明：引起冷季型草坪成团枯死的主要病原菌有６种腐霉菌、４种镰刀菌，３种丝核菌和草叶瘟菌；当年新播草坪大量枯死主要是由腐霉菌引起的幼苗猝倒和茎叶腐烂所致，二、三年生草坪上以镰刀菌和丝核菌引起的枯草团为主。腐霉菌的为害与草的播种期密切相关，从３月上旬至６月上旬，病害为害程度随播种期的推迟而急剧加重，上年１０月下旬以后至当年３月上旬之前播种可减轻腐霉菌的为害  相似文献   

Low temperature-induced sterility in rice: Evidence for the effects of temperature before panicle initiation   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Hiroyuki Shimono  Masumi Okada  Eiji Kanda  Ichiro Arakawa 《Field Crops Research》2007

Spikelet sterility of rice (Oryza sativa L.) results from low temperatures during panicle development. However, this temperature alone cannot fully explain the fluctuations in sterility observed in the field, since the susceptibility of rice plants to low temperature often changes according to its physiological status during sensitive stages. In the present study, we examined whether temperatures before the panicle initiation stage (PI) influence the plant's susceptibility to sterility during panicle development. To test this, we conducted a 2-year pot study and an analysis of field data using a model of cooling degree-days (CDD). In the pot study, the air temperature (T_a) and water temperature (T_w) were controlled independently for 3 weeks during the vegetative growth stage before PI. After PI, the plants were submerged in a cool water bath at a critical temperature of 19.5 °C to induce floral sterility. We found that low T_w during vegetative growth significantly increased the sterility. Low T_a during vegetative growth also significantly increased the sterility, but this effect was diminished by warm T_w even at low T_a. There was a close and negative correlation between sterility and T_w during vegetative growth. In the analysis of field data, we introduced CDD using temperatures below a threshold level of 20 °C to represent the magnitude of the exposure to low temperature from PI to the heading stage. Data of T_a was used for this analysis because data of T_w was scare. The CDD model was applied to 77 independent data sets collected at nine Agricultural Research Centers during four typical cool summers (1980, 1988, 1993, and 2003) in northern Japan. Year-to-year variations in sterility at one site were roughly accounted for by the variations in CDD, but large deviations were observed among the years. The deviations were related to T_a averaged over the 30-day period before PI. For a similar level of CDD, the lower the T_a before PI, the greater the sterility. Similar deviations were observed in the between-site relationships between sterility and CDD, and these deviations were related with the T_a before PI. These results suggest that temperatures before PI, and especially T_w, change the susceptibility of a rice plant to low temperatures during panicle development.  相似文献