Effects of dietary Persian oak (Quercus brantii var. persica) fruit extract on survival,growth performance,haematological and immunological parameters in rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss,fingerlings          下载免费PDF全文

S. Bohlouli  G. Ghaedi  M. Heydari  A. Rahmani  E. Sadeghi 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(4):745-751

The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of jaft (internal layer of oak fruit) extract on growth, haematological and immunological parameters in rainbow trout fingerlings. A total of 360 fish (average weight 6.25 g, total length 7.75 cm) were randomly distributed in 12 fibreglass tanks (stocking density: 1.04 g L^?1) with flow rate of 8 L min^?1. The ethanolic extraction of jaft was taken, and, then, a basal diet was supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg^?1 to formulate four experimental diets. After 8 weeks, blood sampling was performed for haematological and immunological parameters. While immunological parameters such as IgM and lysozyme showed their lowest level in control group, their highest amounts appeared in 2 g kg^?1 group. C3, C4 and alternative complement activity increased in fish fed 2 g kg^?1 extract compared to control (P ? 0.05). Haematological parameters such as white blood cell, red blood cell, haemoglobin and haematocrit were enhanced in experimental groups (P ? 0.05). Survival and growth indices did not show significant changes in experimental treatments (P ? 0.05). Results indicated feeding rainbow trout with Persian oak extract at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g kg^?1 levels significantly enhance the immunological parameters.  相似文献   

陕南栎类资源现状调查     

曲式曾  张文辉 《西北林学院学报》1990,5(1):75-81

安康、汉中地区栎林面积91.67万ha,蓄积5102万m~3,占整个有林地面积、蓄积的40～50％。在陕南生态平衡、工农业生产中起着极为重要的作用。现有栎林分布不均,可利用性差,中、幼龄林分比重大,质量不高,生产力低;连续多年超伐,森林蓄积大幅度减少。应采取果断措施,制止当前在栎林资源利用中的失控行为,压缩对栎林的消耗;大力造林和改造次生林,扩大栎林资源面积,提高林分质量;节约资源提高资源利用效益,从根本上缓解栎林供需矛盾。  相似文献   

Belowground competition in a broad-leaved temperate mixed forest: pattern analysis and experiments in a four-species stand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Boris Rewald  Christoph Leuschner 《European Journal of Forest Research》2009,128(4):387-398

We investigated fine root biomass and distribution patterns in a species-rich temperate Carpinus–Quercus–Fagus–Tilia forest and searched for experimental evidence of symmetry or asymmetry in belowground competition. We conducted extensive root coring and applied the recently introduced in situ-root growth chamber technique for quantifying fine root growth under experimentally altered intra- and interspecific root neighbourhoods in the intact stand. In 75% of all soil cores, fine roots of more than two tree species were present indicating a broad overlap of the root systems of neighbouring trees. Quercus trees had more than ten times less fine root biomass in relation to aboveground biomass or productivity (stem growth) and a much higher leaf area index/root area index ratio than Carpinus, Fagus and Tilia trees. The root growth chamber experiments indicated a high belowground competitive ability of Fagus in interspecific interactions, but a low one of Quercus. We conclude that (1) interspecific root competition is ubiquitous in this mixed stand, (2) root competition between trees can be clearly asymmetric, and (3) tree species may be ranked according to their belowground competitive ability. Fagus was found to be the most successful species in belowground competition which matches with its superiority in aboveground competition in this forest community.  相似文献   

Direct seeding of Quercus robur L. for reforestation: The influence of mechanical site preparation and sowing date on early growth of seedlings     

Magnus Löf  Maria Birkedal 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009

Compared with conventional planting, direct seeding of Quercus spp. is a method that can reduce the costs of reforestation considerably. However, interference from natural vegetation and predation on acorns contribute to regeneration failures. Mechanical site preparation has the potential to reduce both these problems. To study the influence of sowing date and of different mechanical site preparation treatments on early seedling growth, an experiment was carried out in storm-felled areas, formerly Norway spruce forests, in southern Sweden from May 2006 to September 2008. Five treatments were applied and acorns were planted in May and July 2006. The treatments were: disc trenching, patch scarification, topsoil removal, mounding and an undisturbed control. A delay of less than two months in seeding resulted in the equivalent of one year's growth reduction with respect to oak seedling's height and biomass. This could be explained by delayed emergence of seedlings, and by the dry conditions during summer seeding. The seedlings only exhibited a weak positive biomass growth response following disc trenching, patch scarification and top soil removal. In the latter case this might be explained by increased soil compaction and extensive removal of the humus layer. Site preparation by mounding resulted in good vegetation control, an increased biomass growth response and deeper seedling roots. In this treatment, we found high relative light levels near seedlings, reduced soil moisture and dry bulk density of the soil and higher soil temperatures. One or more of these environmental factors could have influenced the growth response. Whether this increased early growth rate persists throughout young stand development is, however, uncertain.  相似文献   

喜马拉雅山西部Askot野生动物保护区内粗木质残体沿山高度分布格局与现状     

Bhupendra Singh Adhikari 《林业研究》2009,20(3):205-212

在印度Askot野生动物保护区Goriganga流域的3个分水岭(Charigad,Dogarhigad和upper Gosigad)内,沿着海拔高度900～2600m设置5条曲线调查样带(样带A、B、C、D和E),调查了粗木质残体的分布格局和状况.海拔高度每升高100 m设置一块1 hm2的样地.结果表明,不同演替阶段的粗木质残体百分比贡献率按降低顺序排列依次是:枯立木--相位Ⅰ>相位Ⅱ>相位Ⅳ>相位Ⅲ;而原木-相位Ⅲ>相位Ⅱ>相位Ⅳ.调查样带A内喜马拉雅长叶松(Pinus roxburghii)林内枯立木密度在1500m处较高,调查样带B通麦栎(Quercus lanata)林的枯立木密度在2300米处较高(10个/hm2).喜马拉雅长叶松林的枯立木和原木总获得量为13.9 t,其中枯立木和原木分别占41%和59%;而通麦栎林枯立木和原木总量仅为5.6 t,枯立木和原木分别占60%和40%.此外,粗木质残体的存在,有利于为当地生长的兰花营造良好的生长环境.在喜马拉雅长叶松林中等高度区域内,高密度的枯立木和原木导致该区内物种丰富度较低,地被物密度也较低.这主要是由于该区光线充足、土壤水分含量低,只有优势种才能占领这样生境.  相似文献   

安康地区栎林资源特征及利用途径分析     

王志诚  周建云  陈智瑞 《西北林学院学报》2001,16(4):30-32

安康地区栎林面积35.91万hm2,蓄积1 788.07万m3.现有栎林资源分布不均,中幼龄林比重大,林分质量差,生产力不高,以生产食用菌、木炭、薪材等为其主要利用和消耗途径.通过对本地区现有栎林资源及利用调查分析表明,应以生态效益为重,制止短期行为,减少对栎林的消耗,增加投入,提高栎林生产力.  相似文献   

蒙古栎种群种子雨与地表种子库   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘彤  周志强 《东北林业大学学报》2007,35(5):22-23

对黑龙江省帽儿山地区平均年龄为22a和30a的天然蒙古栎种群的种子雨和地表种子库进行了研究。结果表明:该地区蒙古栎种群种子雨一般从8月下旬开始下落到9月下旬结束,种子雨下落强度不均匀,存在高峰期;不同年龄蒙古栎种群的种子雨强度不同,22a和30a蒙古栎种群的种子雨强度分别为11粒/m2和30粒/m2;不同时期下落的蒙古栎种子质量存在差异,中、前期下落的种子发芽率高,千粒质量大,种子质量好;蒙古栎种群地表种子库损耗的主要因素是虫害和动物取食。  相似文献   

宝天曼栎类天然次生林乔木层种间联结性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

闫东锋  何静  郭芳  何瑞珍  张雅梅 《西北林学院学报》2009,24(1):26-30

在对宝天曼地区乔木层树种的RA、RD、RF及IV分析的基础上,根据2×2联列表,运用联结系数、共同出现百分率、点相关系数以及卡方值分别测定了栎类天然次生林26个主要树木种群间的联结关系。结果表明,锐齿栎的重要值最大,短柄枹树和化香次之,为其主要伴生树种;26个树种间总体呈现不显著的负联结的关系,正联结和无联结关系的种对较少;锐齿栎和其它树种间存在负联结关系,其中与栓皮栎、短柄枹树、茅栗的负联结性极显著。西北林学院学报24卷  相似文献   

北京市栎类植物空间分布及生长过程分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张红梅  王新杰  闫金华  白佳鸿  陆亚刚 《北京林业大学学报》2010,(Z1)

为掌握北京市栎类植物的资源状况,结合北京市二类资源调查数据,在各区县典型栎林(蒙古栎林、栓皮栎林、槲栎林、槲树林)中进行67个标准地调查及261个年轮条分析。结果表明:北京市栎林主要以蒙古栎林和栓皮栎林为主,蒙古栎林主要分布在海拔1000m以上的阴坡和半阴坡,以怀柔区喇叭沟门乡、门头沟区清水乡、密云县云蒙山林场较为集中且生长良好,最大蓄积量为173.834m3hm2;栓皮栎林主要分布在海拔750m以下的阳坡和半阳坡,以平谷区分布最为广泛;槲栎林和槲树林则很少有成片出现。蒙古栎天然次生林、栓皮栎人工林、槲栎天然次生林和槲树人工林的胸径生长量一般在1～12年最快,数量成熟龄分别为60、45～48、51和42年之后。  相似文献   

桉树林、云南松林及松栎混交林下植物群落调查与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

熊朝耀 《林业调查规划》2006,31(3):28-33

通过对桉树林、云南松林和松栎混交林植物群落的物种组成、空间结构、各成分盖度系数等调查,分析了3种类型下的植被与生态因子之间的相互关系,揭示合理育林措施能提高生物多样性水平、增强水土保持的能力等。提出人工造林以营造混交林为宜。  相似文献