不同种群致倦库蚊对有机磷杀虫剂敏感性测定     

张玲敏  任晓燕  赵双星 《昆虫天敌》2004,26(1):18-21

分别用生物测定法测定致倦库蚊四龄幼虫对倍硫磷的敏感度、微量孔板酶联免疫检测仪检测成虫的非特异性酯酶活性。结果表明:不同种群致倦库蚊对倍硫磷的半数致死量(LC50)(ppm)(95％可信区间)分别为:北京敏感株(S-BJ)0.0005(0.0005-0.0006),番禺沙湾(PrSW)0.0019(0.0018-0.0021),广州石牌(GZSP)0.0016(0.0015-0.0017),抗溴氰菊酯株(Anti-thrin)0.0011(0.001-0.0012),抗马拉硫磷株(Anti-OP)0.0177(0.017-0.0183)。根据S-BJ的LC50值为1,分别计算其他种群的抗性倍数,其抗性倍数分别为:S-BJ 1.0.PYSW 3.8,GZSP3.2,Anti-thrin 2.2,Anti-OP 35,4。微板法测库蚊酯酶活性(A值):S-BJ 0.3905(0.281-0.501),PYSW 0.664(0.619-0.709),GZSP 0.575(0.478-0.672),And-thrin 0.743(0.683-0.804),Anti-OP 2.32(2.283-2.357)。不同品系致倦库蚊对有机磷杀虫剂抗性:Anti-OP>PYSW>GZSP>Anti-thrin>S-BJ。  相似文献   

Insecticidal properties of essential plant oils against the mosquito Culex pipiens molestus (Diptera: Culicidae)     

Traboulsi AF  Taoubi K  el-Haj S  Bessiere JM  Rammal S 《Pest management science》2002,58(5):491-495

The insecticidal activities of essential oil extracts from leaves and flowers of aromatic plants against fourth-instar larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens molestus Forskal were determined. Extracts of Myrtus communis L were found to be the most toxic, followed by those of Origanum syriacum L, Mentha microcorphylla Koch, Pistacia lentiscus L and Lavandula stoechas L with LC50 values of 16, 36, 39, 70 and 89 mg litre-1, respectively. Over 20 major components were identified in extracts from each plant species. Eight pure components (1,8-cineole, menthone, linalool, terpineol, carvacrol, thymol, (1S)-(-)-alpha-pinene and (1R)-(+)-alpha-pinene) were tested against the larvae. Thymol, carvacrol, (1R)-(+)-alpha-pinene and (1S)-(-)-alpha-pinene were the most toxic (LC50 = 36-49 mg litre-1), while menthone, 1,8-cineole, linalool and terpineol (LC50 = 156-194 mg litre-1) were less toxic.  相似文献   

Interaction of pesticides with p-glycoprotein and other ABC proteins: A survey of the possible importance to insecticide, herbicide and fungicide resistance   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D.S. Buss 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2008,90(3):141-153

P-glycoproteins (p-gps) are ubiquitous membrane proteins from the ABC (ATP-binding cassette) family. They have been found in many animals, bacteria, plants and fungi and are extremely important in regulating a wide range of xenobiotics including pesticides. P-gps have been linked to xenobiotic resistance, most famously in resistance to cancer drug treatments. Their wide substrate range has led to what is known as “multidrug resistance”, where resistance developed to one type of xenobiotic gives resistance to a different classes of xenobiotic. P-gps are a major contributor to drug resistance in mammalian tumours and infections of protozoan parasites such as Plasmodium and Leishmania. There is a growing body of literature suggesting that p-gps, and other ABC proteins, are important in regulating pesticide toxicity and represent potential control failure through the development of pesticide resistance, in both agricultural and medical pests. At the same time, aspects of their biochemistry offer new hope in pest control, in particular in furthering our understanding of toxicity and offering insights into how we can improve control without recourse to new chemical discovery.  相似文献   

Resistance in the mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, and possible mechanisms for resistance     

Xu Q  Liu H  Zhang L  Liu N 《Pest management science》2005,61(11):1096-1102

Two mosquito strains of Culex quinquefasciatus (Say), MAmCq(G0) and HAmCq(G0), were collected from Mobile and Huntsville, Alabama, respectively. MAmCq(G0) and HAmCq(G0) were further selected in the laboratory with permethrin for one and three generations, respectively. The levels of resistance to permethrin in MAmCq(G1) (after one-generation selection) and HAmCq(G3) (after three-generation selection) increased rapidly. Resistance to permethrin in MAmCq(G1) and HAmCq(G3) was partially suppressed by piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF) and diethyl maleate (DEM), inhibitors of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, hydrolases and glutathione S-transferases (GST), respectively, suggesting these three enzyme families are important in conferring permethrin resistance in both strains. A substitution of leucine to phenylalanine (L to F) resulting from a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), termed the kdr mutation, in the para-homologous sodium channel gene has been reported as a very common mutation associated with pyrethroid resistance of insects. A 341-bp sodium channel gene fragment, where the kdr mutation resides, was generated by PCR from genomic DNAs of Cx. quinquefasciatus strains. We found that the kdr mutation was present in both permethrin-selected and unselected HAmCq and MAmCq mosquito populations, suggesting that the kdr mutation plays the role in permethrin resistance. There was no significant change in the frequency and heterozygosity of the A to T SNP for the kdr allele between permethrin-selected and unselected MAmCq and HAmCq mosquitoes, indicating that other mechanisms are involved in the evolution of resistance in mosquitoes selected by permethrin in the laboratory.  相似文献   

Effect of Incandescent Light on Collection of West Nile Virus Vectors Using CDC Miniature Light Traps in Northern Colorado     

Broox G V Boze  Kelsey Renfro  Daniel Markowski  Saul Lozano-Fuentes 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2021,21(5)

To evaluate whether the presence of clear incandescent light was attractive or refractive to host-seeking mosquitoes in northern Colorado, a Bayesian hierarchical model was created to measure differences in trap effectiveness based on presence or absence of phototactic cues. A total of eight CDC miniature light traps (with and without light) were set weekly across four locations in northern Colorado between Weeks 23 and 32 of year 2020. Culex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) accounted for 81% of all collections in this study with two vectors of West Nile virus being represented. The probability of catching both Culex tarsalis Coquillett and Culex pipiens Linnaeus was reduced when traps were equipped with light, but the difference was not statistically significant for Culex tarsalis. The clear reduction in the number of Culex pipiens caught when these traps were equipped with light indicates negative phototactic behavior and underestimation with current surveillance strategies. Removal of light from these traps may aid our understanding of these species’ distribution within the environment, improve collection efficiency, and help guide implementation of targeted control measures used in public health mosquito control.  相似文献   

Comparison of vector competence of Aedes vexans Green River and Culex pipiens biotype pipiens for West Nile virus lineages 1 and 2     

Elisabeth Whnke  Ana Vasic  Cristian Raileanu  Cora Marielle Holicki  Birke Andrea Tews  Cornelia Silaghi 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(4):416-424

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致乏库蚊体内菌群结构分析     

《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,41(5)

采用PCR–DGGE技术,分析致乏库蚊雌成虫的带菌情况。无菌条件下研磨体表消毒的致乏库蚊雌成虫,提取细菌总DNA,以通用引物扩增细菌16S r DNA V3区,经DGGE电泳、克隆、测序、比对,确定该蚊体内的优势菌。结果表明,致乏库蚊雌成虫携带的优势菌共有6种,其中1种为派毕梯斯沃巴契亚体(Wolbachia pipientis),另外5种尚未被鉴定,分别隶属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)、埃希氏杆菌属(Escherichia sp.)、沃尔巴克氏体属(Wolbachia sp.)和α–变形纲、γ–变形纲某未知种属。  相似文献   

球形芽孢杆菌(Ts—1)在水体中消长动态以及对蚊幼虫的残效     

顾卫东  陆宝麟 《中国生物防治》1989,(1)

本实验观察了球形芽孢杆菌(Ts—1)在清水和污水中细菌和芽孢数量消长动态和残效。在水体中,细菌和芽孢均以指数函数衰减。污水对Ts—1生长存活无害,但对致倦库蚊幼虫残效期较清水中为短。水体中死亡虫体对保持球形芽孢杆菌的残效有重要作用。  相似文献   

聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术在蚊虫抗性基因研究中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张玲敏  李桂云 《昆虫天敌》1996,18(1):35-41

应用ＰＣＲ技术对广泛部分地区的致倦库蚊ＯＰ抗性基因进行测定，实验证明广州地区自然种群和实验室株有相当数量致倦库蚊有扩增的抗性酯酶Ｂ１基因存在。对实验室株及四个地区自然群体的抗性基因进行扩增，发现实验室株阳性率比自然群体为高，四个地区自然群体抗性基因频率分别为２２．５％、２０％、１５％、和７．５％。另外发现雄性库蚊出现的扩增阳性率比雌蚊高。所设计的两对引物均能成功的扩增致倦库蚊抗性基因酯酶Ｂ１，但后  相似文献   

褐尾库蚊幼虫捕食行为的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

黄恩炯  吴珍泉 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,34(2):177-180

褐尾库蚊(Culexfuscanus Wiedemann)幼虫捕食行为的研究结果表明:单个饲养的褐尾库蚊4龄幼虫的日捕食量随白纹伊蚊密度的提高而增大,随自身密度的提高而减小;褐尾库蚊4龄幼虫喜食白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫,对蛹的捕食量远远低于幼虫.猎物的大小、密度和活动能力影响了褐尾库蚊幼虫对猎物的选择性.  相似文献