油菜机械移栽载苗基质块力学与生物学特性分析   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

胡乔磊  廖庆喜  王洋 《农业工程学报》2019,35(24):58-65

为保证油菜载苗基质块具有良好的机械移栽适应性和幼苗生长质量,该文针对油菜机械移栽过程中载苗基质易出现破损导致取送苗失效问题,以正方体油菜载苗基质块为研究对象,对载苗基质块力学特性和生物学特性进行研究,开展以基质成分配比(蚯蚓粪:黄棕壤∶蛭石混合体积比为1∶2∶1、1∶1∶1和2∶1∶1)、基质压实度(基质与穴孔体积比为1.0、1.2和1.4)、硼硒营养液浓度(0.24%、0.27%和0.30%)为因素的正交试验。结果表明:基质成分配比和基质压实度对油菜载苗基质块力学特性影响分别为极显著和显著;基质成分配比及基质压实度对幼苗壮苗指数影响极显著,硼硒营养液浓度对其影响显著;基质成分配比和基质压实度均对基质包裹度及根系健壮度影响极显著,硼硒营养液浓度对基质包裹度及根系健壮度影响显著。采用综合评分法得出基质成分配比为1∶1∶1、基质压实度为1.2、硼硒营养液浓度为0.30%时油菜载苗基质块力学特性及幼苗生长质量较优。对上述因素组合所育油菜载苗基质块进行台架试验可知:在移栽机横向推苗速度20 mm/s,同步输送带速度30 mm/s,取苗频率40株/min试验条件下,基质损失率为2.57%、送取苗成功率为90.93%,满足机械移栽需求。  相似文献   

富贵竹切口保鲜及贮运研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

盛爱武  乔爱民  高飞  王睿敏 《中国农学通报》2005,21(9):329-331

通过大量实验筛选出适合富贵竹切口的保鲜液,冬季宜采用配方12,夏季宜采用配方5进行处理。处理液B对防治脚部黄化及促根效果极显著。加工后的富贵竹成品货柜运输的最佳温度为15￣16℃,配合含1.0mg/L6-BA 1‰托布津的保水剂包根处理,可极显著降低贮运中的损失率。研究成果在生产中成功应用。  相似文献   

不同处理对四季秋海棠扦插生根的影响研究   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

柯存祥 《中国农学通报》2006,22(4):331-331

以四季秋海棠为材料，进行扦插生根研究。试验结果表明：不同季节、不同基质、不同植物生长调节剂对四季秋海棠扦插生根有很大的影响，其中秋季扦插，以河沙做基质，以30mg/LNAA、30mg/LIAA或50mg/LIBA处理的插条生根效果较好。  相似文献   

华蔓茶藨子扦插繁殖技术研究     

李建军  唐宇丹  董然 《北方园艺》2009,(1)

研究了华蔓茶藨子枝条不同部位、IBA不同浓度处理对扦插生根的影响.结果表明:插穗不同部位对愈伤组织出现期无影响,均为5 d,在生根时间上存在差异,上部16 d生根,比中部和基部提前2 d生根;对根质量的影响差异显著,上部最好,中部次之,下部最差;NAA和IBA对插穗生根均有明显促进作用,且IBA优于NAA,100 mg/L mA生根效果最好,生根率和生根质量均达到最高.  相似文献   

豫西山区野生百合中层鳞片扦插繁殖技术研究     

智利红  焦乐勤  许文营  邱建伟 《北方园艺》2009,(3)

用混合基质、砂、田土3种基质对豫西山区5种野生百合中层鳞片进行扦插繁殖试验.结果表明:5种野生百合中层鳞片都具有较强的扦插繁殖能力,同时证明5种野生百合中层鳞片在不同基质中的扦插成活与成球情况不同,混合基质最适宜野生百合中层鳞片扦插繁殖.  相似文献   

The role of geomorphology in substratum patch selection by freshwater mussels in the Hawkesbury–Nepean River (New South Wales) Australia     

M. Brainwood  Shelley Burgin  M. Byrne 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2008,18(7):1285-1301

• 1. Microhabitat preferences of freshwater mussels and associated substrate characteristics were investigated across a range of geomorphic reaches in the Hawkesbury–Nepean River, Australia.
• 2. The structure of substratum patches available was strongly influenced by geomorphic reach type. In each reach type, mussel distribution was most frequently correlated with coarse sand and a roughness element characteristic for that reach. Roughness elements such as boulders and cobbles create a flow refuge and were linked with mussel size.
• 3. Small mussels tended to be associated with boulder‐stabilized habitats and medium sized mussels with cobble habitats. Large mussels rarely co‐occurred with any particular roughness element. Individual species were strongly linked to geomorphic reach type. This association may be due to species' differences in ability to colonize available microhabitat types.
• 4. The highly tolerant Velesunio ambiguus dominated shale reaches, characterized by fine sediments and human impacts. In contrast, Hyridella depressa dominated in gorges, utilizing small flow refuges among boulders, while H. australis were present in low densities across a range of substrate conditions.
• 5. The persistence of multispecies assemblages in mussel beds throughout the Hawkesbury–Nepean River implies similar niche utilization among species. Partitioning of habitats across species on the basis of size suggests some degree of habitat selection, or differential survival. At the local scale, microhabitat characteristics influenced the size distribution and densities of mussel assemblages. Continuing declines in mussel densities are likely to result from ongoing channel modification and increased siltation resulting from changes to riparian vegetation.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

镶嵌固体润滑剂的自润滑刀具切削温度研究     

宋文龙   邓建新  吴泽  颜培  张辉 《农业机械学报》2010,41(1):205-210

在刀具前刀面月牙洼磨损区域加工装填MoS2固体润滑剂的微孔,制备了一种镶嵌固体润滑 剂的自润滑刀具（SLT〖CD*2〗1）,并与前刀面有孔但无固体润滑剂的刀具（SLT〖CD*2〗2）以 及传统刀具（SLT〖CD*2〗3）进行切削对比试验。用TH5104红外热像仪测试了3种刀具切削45 号淬火钢的切削温度变化规律。结果表明：SLT〖CD*2〗1自润滑刀具的切削温度明显降低,比 传统刀具SLT〖CD*2〗3降低15%～20%,SLT〖CD*2〗2刀具比SLT〖CD*2〗3降低5%～10%。通过切削 温度理论分析表明,由于自润滑刀具SLT〖CD*2〗1在前刀面形成润滑膜,降低了前刀面剪切应 力以及减少了刀屑接触面积,使得切削温度显著降低。  相似文献   

Effect of successive cuttings on uptake and partitioning of 15N among plant parts of Leucaena leucocephala     

N. Sanginga  F. Zapata  S. K. A. Danso  G. D. Bowen 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1990,9(1):37-42

Summary We studied the effect of three successive cuttings on N uptake and fixation and N distribution in Leucaena leucocephala. Two isolines, uninoculated or inoculated with three different Rhizobium strains, were grown for 36 weeks and cut every 12 weeks. The soil was labelled with 50 ppm KNO₃ enriched with 10 atom % ¹⁵N excess soon after the first cutting. Except for the atom % ¹⁵N excess in branches of K28 at the second cutting, both the L. leucocephala isolines showed similar patterns of total N, fixed N₂, and N from fertilizer distribution in different parts of the plant at each cutting. The Rhizobium strain did not influence the partitioning of ¹⁵N among the different plant parts. Significant differences in ¹⁵N enrichment occurred in different parts. Live nodules of both isolines showed the lowest atom % ¹⁵N excess values (0.087), followed by leaves (0.492), branches (0.552), stems (0.591), and roots (0.857). The roots contained about 60% of the total plant N and about 70% of the total N derived from fertilizer over the successive cuttings. The total N₂ fixed in the roots was about 60% of that fixed in the whole plant, while the shoots contained only 20% of the fixed N₂. We conclude that N reserves in roots and nodules constitute another N source that must be taken into account when estimating fixed N₂ or the N balance after pruning or cutting plants. ¹⁵N enrichment declined up to about fivefold in the reference and the N₂-fixing plants over 24 weeks following the ¹⁵N application. The proportion and the amounts of N derived from fertilizer decreased, while the amount derived from N₂ fixation increased with time although its proportion remained constant.  相似文献   

南方红豆杉扦插繁殖技术研究--扦插苗与实生苗光合生理特性比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

傅瑞树  黄琦  刘爱琴  徐鹭霞  黄雪羚 《中国生态农业学报》2006,14(2):62-63

对南方红豆杉扦插苗和实生苗光合生理特性比较研究结果表明,南方红豆杉扦插苗叶重、叶绿素a和b、叶绿素总量、CO2补偿点及净光合速率、硝酸还原酶活性均小于相应树龄实生苗。  相似文献   

不同基质和生根粉浓度对西番莲扦插苗的影响     

张丽敏  蔡国俊  龙秀琴  张建利  彭熙  李安定 《中国果业信息》2018,47(2)

为了提高西番莲扦插苗的成活率和成活质量,本研究以黄壤、黄壤：有机肥=1:0.05为扦插基质,以0 mg/L、100 mg/L、200 mg/L为不同梯度的生根粉浓度,探索不同基质和生根粉浓度对西番莲扦插苗成活率、生物学特性及生物量的影响。研究表明：在不同基质条件下,以黄壤：有机肥=1:0.05配比效果最好,成活率达到93%,生物学特性(主根长、主根数、侧根长、侧根数、侧茎长、叶长、叶宽和叶片数)和生物量(植株重、根重、茎重、叶重)均较黄壤表现好;在不同生根粉浓度梯度下,则表现为200 mg/L >100 mg/L >0 mg/L。说明西番莲扦插繁殖以黄壤：有机肥=1:0.05作为基质,以200mg/L的生根粉浓度处理扦插穗条效果最佳。  相似文献