应用诊断施肥综合法(DRIS)对槟榔叶片进行营养诊断     

董志国  刘立云  陈东良  丁瑞蓉 《热带作物学报》2010,31(3):361-364

应用诊断施肥综合法(DRIS)对低产园和高产园槟榔进行了叶片营养诊断。结果表明,相对于高产园,低产园元素间关系较不平衡。槟榔叶片N、P、K、Ca、Mg以及Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn的适宜含量分别为(20.53±0.67)、(1.90±0.01)、(13.30±0.46)、(7.14±0.57)、(3.68±0.41)g/kg及(109.50±4.16)、(112.50±9.02)、(6.07±0.64)、(31.23±0.15)mg/kg。低产园N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn元素DRIS诊断指数分别为-44.58、-1.60、-17.16、0.09、-31.94、52.78、31.03、23.12、-11.74,需求强度较大的元素为N、Mg、K,其次是Zn、P。  相似文献   

陕西富平杏叶片营养诊断研究     

刘雪凤  李凯荣  时亚坤  李苗  杨晓毅 《西北林学院学报》2011,26(5):127-130,169

用营养诊断与施肥建议综合法(DRIS)对陕西省富平县杏树的N、P、K、Ca和Mg等5种矿质营养元素的营养状况进行了叶片营养诊断。结果表明,富平地区养分适宜值范围为:N 2.163%~2.773%、P 0.352%~0.428%、K 2.218%~2.804%、Ca 3.340%~3.994%、Mg 0.535~0.645%。DRIS诊断参数确定为P/N、N/K、N/Ca、Mg/K、P/K、P/Ca、P/Mg、K/Ca、Mg/K、和Mg/Ca等10种比例关系,其变异系数均表现出高产园(CV范围为9.344%~12.356%)明显低于低产园(CV范围为20.193%~27.770%);根据DRIS指数制定了DRIS指数分级指标,得出了N、P、K、Ca、Mg的DRIS适宜指数范围分别为-5.864~6.009、-6.742~5.210、-5.656~6.894、-3.381~4.209、-5.869~5.190。  相似文献   

Soil Nutrient Status and Leaf Nutrient Norms in Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Plantations Grown in the West Coastal Area of India     

S. K. Behera  K. Suresh  B. N. Rao  K. Manoja  K. Manorama 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(2):255-262

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a heavy feeder of nutrients and requires balanced and adequate supply of nutrients for optimum growth and yield. Information regarding soil nutrient status and leaf nutrient concentration is very much required for proper fertilizer application. Therefore, a survey was conducted for assessment of soil nutrient status and leaf nutrient concentration in 64 oil palm plantations in the state of Goa lying in the west coastal region of India. Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon (OC), available potassium (K) (ammonium acetate-extractable K) (NH₄OAc-K), available phosphorus (P) (Bray’s-P), exchangeable calcium (Ca) (Exch. Ca) and magnesium (Mg) (Exch. Mg), available sulphur (S) (calcium chloride-extractable S) (CaCl₂-S), and hot water soluble boron (B) (HWB) in surface (0–20 cm depth) soil layers ranged from 4.25 to 6.77, 0.05 to 1.06 dS m^–1, 5.07 to 48.4 g kg^–1, 58.1 to 1167 mg kg^–1, 1.80 to 415 mg kg^–1, 200 to 2997 mg kg^–1, 36.0 to 744 mg kg^–1, 3.00 to 87.7 mg kg^–1 and 0.09 to 2.10 mg kg^–1, respectively. Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) norms were established for different nutrient expressions and were used to compute DRIS indices. As per DRIS indices, the order of requirement of nutrients in the region was found to be P > Mg > K > nitrogen (N) > B. Optimum leaf nutrient ranges as per DRIS norms varied from 1.64 to 2.79%, 0.36 to 0.52%, 0.37 to 0.75%, 0.89 to 1.97%, 0.35 to 0.63%, 0.89 to 1.50%, 3.10 to 13.9 mg kg^?1, 7.50 to 32.2 mg kg^?1, 35.0 to 91.1 mg kg^?1, 206 to 948 mg kg^?1, and 895 to 2075 mg kg^?1 for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) respectively. On the basis of DRIS-derived sufficiency ranges, 14, 5, 11, 6, 6, 6, 8, 2, 3, 6, and 16% of leaf samples had less than optimum concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe respectively. The optimum ranges developed can be used as a guide for routine diagnostic and advisory purpose for balanced utilization of fertilizers.  相似文献   

香蕉营养诊断的DRIS标准的初步研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李国良  姚丽贤  付长营  涂仕华 《中国土壤与肥料》2008,(3)

运用诊断与推荐综合系统(DRIS)标准建立的常规方法,通过比较香蕉低产组和高产组叶片N、P、K、Ca、Mg和S养分含量以及两元素间的养分比和养分积,初步筛选出P/N、N.K、N.Ca、N/Mg、N/S、P.K、P/Ca、P/Mg、P.S、Ca/K、K/Mg、K.S、Ca/Mg、Ca/S和S/Mg作为DRIS参项,并初步提出香蕉DRIS诊断标准。  相似文献   

确定植株叶片营养诊断系统中标准值的数学模型     

帅修富  王兴仁 《中国农业大学学报》1996,1(3):15-18

假定植株叶片养分含量比值与其对应的标准值的欧氏距离与植株生物量或产量之间存在线性关系，由此数学模型可估计植株叶片养分含量比值的标准值。根据模型估计的标准值建立了诊断植株养分平衡状况的方法（称为改进的DRIS法），由此方法诊断结果与DRIS诊断结果基本吻合。  相似文献   

毛竹营养诊断的研究   总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

洪顺山  胡炳堂  江业根 《林业科学研究》1989,2(1):15-24

本文探讨毛竹的叶营养诊断,以指导竹林施肥。研究内容包括叶分析的正确采样方法,用传统的临界值法和近期发展起来的新方法——DRIS诊断毛竹肥料试验的营养状态。结果表明: 1.毛竹的孕笋中期是采样的最佳时期;二年生立竹中部枝叶是取样的理想部位;一个叶平均样品至少采自5个单株才能达到分析精度的要求。 2.不同立竹结构对临界浓度标准有影响,每亩立竹250株以上的竹林,N、P浓度临界值分别为2.6％和0.13％,理想值为2.8％和0.16％。密度稀疏或钩梢竹林,N浓度临界值和理想值为2.9％和3.1％。新竹产量与N、P浓度反应相一致。 3.DRIS诊断参数从三年新竹产量大于3500kg/亩的高产群计算出来。DRIS诊断使用N、P、K、Si四组叶分析资料,诊断结果与临界值法基本一致。DRIS法的好处在于可以对营养平衡状况和需求顺序作出判断。但是养分相对不足或过量也可能误诊。考虑到森林立地条件的不均一性,应该推荐两种方法同时并用。  相似文献   

湿地松幼林营养的DRIS诊断^*   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

洪顺山  庄珍珍  胡炳堂  李锦清  余建新 《林业科学研究》1995,8(4):360-366

用ＤＲＩＳ和临界浓度值法对湿地松幼林的营养状态比较研究发现，在诊断针叶磷素营养状态时，用ＤＲＩＳ法比临界浓度值法更准确。施用磷肥能显著地提高湿地松幼林生长量，并与ＤＲＩＳ措数密切相关；但与叶片中磷的浓度相关不显著。植株从磷肥吸收的磷量被林分生长的“稀释效应”所抵消，使施磷植株叶片中磷的浓度没有明显提高。同临界浓度值法一样，ＤＲＩＳ法也受林龄和立地环境因素的影响，故用于计算诊断参数的高产群体应当从当地的同龄林选择。根据ＤＲＩＳ的诊断结果，江西永丰低丘红壤湿地松造林施肥的效应机理为：氮肥增加针叶Ｎ素的过量积累，加剧了养分的不平衡状态，对生长无益。单施钙镁磷肥，每公顷施纯磷２１．８２ｋｇ，就可全面改善幼林的营养状态，使主要养分元素Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ达到理想的平衡状态，显著促进幼林生长。钾肥提高幼林钾的吸收量，但可能属奢侈吸收状态，对生长无影响。  相似文献   

Soil and Plant Reference Norms for Evaluating Horn Plantain Nutritional Status     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(9-10):1371-1383

Abstract

The objective of this work was to calibrate, classify, and establish soil and plant reference norms for evaluating the nutritional status of the Horn plantain crop (Musa AAB, subgroup plantain cv. Horn). The sampling unit consisted of the “mother” plant and its corresponding soil at the fertilization band. Soil samples at depths of 0–20 cm and 21–40 cm were analyzed. A total of 221 sampling units were studied, hence, 442 soil and 221 leaf samples were used to develop the reference norms. A regression model with linear combinations of the soil and leaf variables for yield estimation was established by using the stepwise method. The model showed a high significant adjustment of 52% (R²) with normality of the standard residues. Four yield subclasses in kg cluster^?1 as 10.9–13.9 (60 units), 14.0–17.9 (92 units), 18.0–19.9 (47 units), and 20 or more (17 units) were defined. With the means of the soil and leaf data linearly related with yield, the reference norms for each subclass were developed. The method thereby established permits to develop reference norms that can be used for the simultaneous interpretation of soil and leaf analysis data and for yield estimation of the Horn plantain crop.  相似文献   

Monitoring Nutrient Status of Guava Fruit Trees in Punjab,Northwest India through the Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System Approach     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15-16):2117-2130

Abstract

The Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) was employed for interpreting nutrient analyses of leaf tissue of guava fruit trees (Psidium guajava L.) cultivated in Punjab, northwest India. Standard reference DRIS norms were established for various nutrient ratios and used to compute DRIS indices, which assessed nutrient balance and order of limitation to yield. The DRIS evaluation and sufficiency range approach were equally effective and in agreement for diagnosing deficiencies of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). The results also show that the position of leaf tissue sampled does not have a major effect on the DRIS diagnosis. Nutrient sufficiency ranges derived from DRIS norms were 1.41–1.65, 0.10–0.17, 0.51–0.97, 1.16–2.12, 0.31–0.51, 0.18–0.28% for N, P, K, Ca, magnesium (Mg), and S and were 105–153, 58–110, 15–29, and 6–16 mg Kg^?1 for iron (Fe), Mn, Zn, and Cu, respectively. According to these sufficiency ranges 35, 62, 51, 75, 70, and 68% of samples were sufficient, and 4, 29, 36, 9, 10, and 22% of samples were low in N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S, respectively. More than 50 and 2% of the guava trees selected for sampling was found to deficient in N and P, respectively. For micronutrients, 15, 6, and 7% of samples were found to be low in Mn, Zn, and Cu.  相似文献   

Phosphorus Fertilizer Requirements and Nutrient Uptake of Irrigated Dry‐Season Cotton Grown on Virgin Soil in Tropical Australia     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15-16):2616-2637

Considerable amounts of phosphorus (P) fertilizer will be required on soils in the proposed Ord Stage II area of northwestern Australia if a sustainable dry‐season cotton production system is to be established, because in their virgin state the soils are known to be inherently low in P. This study aimed to determine P fertilizer requirements on these soils to optimize cotton yield as well as nutrient uptake. Five rates of P fertilizer were applied to soil recently cleared of trees and prepared for irrigation. In the second year, these same rates were imposed over the trial. We conclude that the application of 60 kg ha^?1 of P was sufficient to allow maximum yield and quality for dry‐season cotton grown in the first season on virgin soils in the Ord River Irrigation Area, whereas a total of 80 kg ha^?1 of P was required when cotton was grown over two seasons.  相似文献