红豆草胰蛋白酶抑制剂的部分性质     

侯新东  王希东  盛桂莲  张桦  喻梅辉 《江苏农业学报》2007,23(4):295-298

通过胰蛋白酶偶联的Sepharose 4B亲和柱,从红豆草茎叶中分离纯化出一种胰蛋白酶抑制剂,对其抑制剂的抑制活力、摩尔抑制比和抑制活性中心等进行研究.结果表明:红豆草胰蛋白酶抑制剂对胰蛋白酶具有抑制作用,红豆草胰蛋白酶抑制剂对胰蛋白酶的摩尔抑制比为1∶2;用氨基酸修饰法,进一步证明红豆草胰蛋白酶抑制剂的两个活性中心分别是精氨酸残基和赖氨酸残基.  相似文献   

Differential response of zucchini varieties to low storage temperature     

F. Carvajal  C. Martinez  M. Jamilena  D. Garrido 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Several parameters related to cold damage in zucchini have been measured in fruits from different varieties cultivated in the province of Almería (south-eastern Spain). The purpose of this work is to correlate physiological parameters with commercial quality and chilling damage, in order to establish reliable criteria for selecting varieties having better genetic adaptation to low-temperature storage. The results show that, for varieties harvested during February, the variety Natura was the best adapted to storage at 4 °C, as its fruits suffered less from chilling injuries, had a lower weight loss, and the levels of metabolites malonyldialdehyde and H₂O₂ were not as high as in the other varieties. Genetic variation was detected for some of the parameters analysed. The positive correlation among the levels of MDA, H₂O_2, and chilling injury, as well as the negative correlation among catalase and chilling injury, makes these parameters good indicators of chilling damage in our system.  相似文献   

几种小浆果生物活性物质研究进展     

王华  徐榕  李娜  赵佳  霍俊伟 《北方园艺》2011,(8):198-203

小浆果是果树作物中重要的组成部分,具有较高的营养价值和药用价值。各部分器官中均含有大量的生物活性物质,这些生物活性物质具有较强的生理功能,对人体健康具有促进作用。文章综述了越橘、树莓、黑穗醋栗、蓝果忍冬和沙棘等几种小浆果中所含生物活性物质的种类及其生理功能。  相似文献   

Derivation and testing of a model to predict selection for fungicide resistance     

P. H. F. Hobbelen  N. D. Paveley  B. A. Fraaije  J. A. Lucas  F. van den Bosch 《Plant pathology》2011,60(2):304-313

A mathematical model was derived to predict selection for fungicide resistance in foliar pathogens of cereal crops. The model was tested against independent data from four field experiments quantifying selection for the G143A mutation conferring resistance to a quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicide in powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) on spring barley (Hordeum vulgare). Fungicide treatments with azoxystrobin differed in the total applied dose and spray number. For each treatment, we calculated the observed selection ratio as the ratio of the frequency of the resistant strain after the last and before the first spray. The model accurately predicted the variation in observed selection ratios with total applied fungicide dose and number of sprays for three of the four experiments. Underprediction of selection ratios in one experiment was attributed to the particularly late epidemic onset in that experiment. When the equation representing epidemic development was modified to account for the late epidemic, predicted and observed selection ratios at that site were in close agreement. On a scatter plot of observed selection ratios on predicted selection ratios, for all four experiments, the 1:1 line explained 89–92% of the variance in the mean of observed selection ratios. To our knowledge, this is the first fungicide resistance model for plant pathogens to be rigorously tested against field data. The model can be used with some degree of confidence, to identify anti‐resistance treatment strategies which are likely to be effective and would justify the resources required for experimental testing.  相似文献   

Hepatoprotective activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, captopril and enalapril, against paraquat toxicity     

Jalal Pourahmad  Mir-Jamal HosseiniSoudeh Bakan  Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,99(1):105-110

Paraquat is a highly toxic herbicide that is used in most countries without restriction. The cytotoxic action of paraquat is mediated by reactive radicals that are products of its metabolic reduction in cells. It has already been hypothesized that some angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (e.g., captopril and enalapril) could show antioxidant and radical scavenging activity through their structural thiol groups, increasing antioxidant enzymes production or nitric oxide synthesis. In this study the hepatoprotective effect of captopril and enalapril against paraquat induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity was evaluated in isolated rat hepatocyte. Subtoxic concentrations of captopril (0.2 mM) and enalapril (0.2 mM) significantly (p < 0.05) protected the hepatocytes against paraquat (2 mM) induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers including: cell lysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, lysosomal membrane oxidative damage and cellular proteolysis. Moreover, we showed that non-thiol enalapril acts as well as thiol containing captopril at inhibiting oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers. Finally, our results support the hypothesis that it is the increase in nitric oxide synthesis and not the presence of the thiol group that accounts for the antioxidant activity of ACE inhibitors.  相似文献   

土壤腐殖质氮结构的X-光电能谱研究     

WEN Qi-Xiao  CHENG Li-Li  CHEN Bi-Yun 《土壤圈》2001,11(4):321-326

X－ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) was applied to examine the N structures of soil humic substances and some of their analogues.It was found that for soil humic substances XPS method gave similar results as those obtained by ^15N CPMAS NMR (cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance) method.70%-86% of total N in soil humic substances was in the form of amide,and 6%-13% was presented as ammes,with the remaining part as heterocyclic N.There was no difference in the distribution of the forms of N between the humic substances from soils formed over hundreds or thousands of years and the newly formed ones.For fulvic acid from weathered coal and benzoquinone-(NH4)2SO4 polymer the XPS results deviated significantly from the ^15N CPMAS NMR data.  相似文献   

Effects of fractions of coal-derived humic substances on seed germination and growth of seedlings (Lactuga sativa and Lycopersicum esculentum)     

A. Piccolo  G. Celano  G. Pietramellara 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1993,16(1):11-15

Summary Lettuce and tomato seeds were treated in Petri dishes with a humic acid derived from an oxidized coal and with fractions of the same humic acid obtained by ultrafiltration through membranes of known molecular cutoff and by extracting with buffers set at pH 4 and pH 5. The unfractionated humic acid was applied at 40, 100, 1000, and 5000 mg l^-1 whereas the humic fractions were applied at 40, 100, and 200 mg l^-1. Germination parameters such as the number of total germinated seeds, the velocity of seed germination, the fresh weight and dry weight of total seedlings were measured and related to the chemical and physicochemical properties of the humic material. No increase in the germination percentage or the germination rate was observed for either lettuce or tomato seeds. The fresh weight of total seedlings and per seedling increased in treatments with unfractionated humic acid with increasing concentrations for both lettuce and tomato plants without showing signs of growth inhibition up to 5000 mg l^-1. This was attributed to cell elongation and more efficient water uptake. For the lettuce, the fresh weight both of total seedlings and per seedling was enhanced by treating the seeds with fractions of low molecular weight and high content of acidic functions, whereas the dry weight both of total seedlings and per seedling did not change with the humic fraction used. For the tomato seeds in contrast, the dry weight both of total seedlings and per seedling was increased by the use of unfractionated humic acid and by some of the humic fractions. An uptake of humic material by growing tomato seedlings was inferred.  相似文献   

Phosphate availability from phosphate rock as related to nitrogen form and the nitrification inhibitor DMPP   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rahmatullah  Maqsood A. Gill  Alexander H. Wissemeier  Diedrich Steffens 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2006,169(5):675-678

  相似文献   

蛋白质合成抑制剂对萌发玉米超弱光子辐射的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

习岗  赵燕燕  刘锴  贺瑞瑞 《农业工程学报》2015,31(10):303-308

为了揭示种子萌发过程中超弱光子辐射机理,分别采用蛋白质合成的转录抑制剂放线菌素D(actinomyin D,AMD)和翻译抑制剂环己亚胺酮(cycloheximide,CHM)处理萌发玉米种子,研究了玉米萌发过程中鲜质量的变化以及自发光子辐射和外界光诱导的延迟光子辐射的变化。结果表明,50μg/m L的AMD部分抑制了萌发玉米鲜质量的增长,100μg/m L的CHM完全抑制了萌发玉米鲜质量的增长,萌发玉米自发光子辐射强度的增长与种子鲜质量的增长呈现正相关(相关系数r分别为0.95492、0.93218和0.96235)。研究还发现,在玉米萌发过程中,AMD和CHM对延迟光子辐射的增长有不同的抑制作用,CHM部分抑制了延迟光子辐射的初始光子数、相干时间和积分强度的增大,AMD则使初始光子数、相干时间和积分强度不再增加。研究结果为揭示种子萌发过程中超弱光子辐射的机理及其技术开发提供参考。  相似文献   

Irrigation with plant extracts in ecofarming increases biomass production and mineral and organic nitrogen content of plants     

Gerhard Gramss  Klaus‐Dieter Voigt  Hans Bergmann 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2003,166(5):612-620

Seedlings of alfalfa, rape, spinach, and wheat, potted on sandy soil, were irrigated with an aqueous extract of pea shoot (PE, 9.84 g dry weight l^–1) or a solution of Ca, K, Mg, P, and NO₃‐N salts (SS) in a concentration similar to that in PE, for 31–48 days. In comparison to water‐irrigated controls, both SS and PE treated plants showed nearly equal increases in shoot dry weight (29–40 %), whereas PE‐treated plants had higher fresh weights (38–84 %) due to increased succulence. Treatment with SS did not enhance, but sometimes even reduce, the concentrations of Ca, K, Mg, and several trace elements in shoot tissues. In contrast, PE‐treated plants had higher Ca, K, Mg, and organic N, but lower As and Ni contents and were thus of higher nutritive value. Reduced contents of metals in plant tissue correlated with their reduced solubility in the soil solution, which was not due to changes in pH. Fertilizer components such as K and Mg (metals of lower exchange intensity) were incorporated into the soil to release Ca, Sr, and Ba (metals of higher exchange intensity) and reduce the solubility of most trace elements and metal‐complexing humic substances. In addition, application of Ca precipitated heavy metals and humic complexes directly from the soil solution. This effect was partially overcome by PE. Its carboxylic acids could act as phytochelators of metal ions and as mobilizers of the highly diffusible humic substances which carry metals to roots. It is concluded that continuous PE application replaces the quantities of Ca, K, Mg, P, and organic N, but not of NO₃‐N consumed during plant growth. Using PE does not add any relevant quantities of toxic metals to the plant‐soil system.  相似文献