河北省平原农区牧草业发展现状及前景展望   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘贵波  乔仁甫 《河北农业科学》2004,8(3):102-104

分析总结了河北省平原农区牧草业的生产现状、研究水平和存在的主要问题 ,从节水农业、旱作农业、高效畜牧业发展以及国内外市场需求等方面阐述了牧草业的发展前景 ,提出了河北省平原农区牧草业发展的技术建议。  相似文献   

甘肃省有机-无机复混肥料发展现状与前景展望     

武翻江  崔增团 《勤云标准版测试》2004,(5)

有机-无机复混肥料是指含有一定量有机肥料的复混肥料。有机肥料肥效长,具有改良土壤作用,但不能满足高产作物的养分需要,而化学肥料肥效快,但又会因施用不当而引起土壤酸化、板结和有机质含量下降等问题。有机-无机复混肥料既有无机化肥肥效快的一面,又具备有机肥料改良土壤、肥效长的特点。在甘肃省近年来试用效果明显,深受农民欢迎,因而目前有机-无机复混肥的发展极为迅速,已有相当规模,是今后肥料发展的方向之一。  相似文献   

Rural income generation through improving crop-based pig production systems in Vietnam: Diagnostics,interventions, and dissemination   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dai?PetersEmail author  Nguyen?Thi?Tinh  Mai?Thach?Hoan  Nguyen?The?Yen  Pham?Ngoc?Thach  Keith?Fuglie 《Agriculture and Human Values》2005,22(1):73-85

Sweetpotato-pig production is an important system that generates income, utilizes unmarketable crops, and provides manure for soil fertility maintenance. This system is widely practiced from Asia to Africa, with many local variations. Within this system, pigs are generally fed a low nutrient-dense diet, yielding low growth rates and low economic efficiency. Our project in Vietnam went through a process of situation analysis, participatory technology development (PTD), and scaling up over a seven-year period to improve sweetpotato-pig production and to disseminate developed technologies. The situation analysis included a series of pig production assessments in several provinces in northern and southern Vietnam, and pig supply-market chain identification was conducted in 13 provinces. The analysis of these studies informed the project of the following: (1) appropriate locations for our activities; (2) seasonal available feedstuff and farmers feeding practices; (3) market fluctuation and requirements; and (4) feeding and management improvement needs based on which the subsequent phase of PTD was designed. The PTD involved a limited number of farmers participating in sweetpotato varietal selection, sweetpotato root and vine silage processing, seasonal feeding combination, and pig feeding with balanced crop-feed diet and silage. Six years of multi-location and multi-season sweetpotato selection resulted in a few promising varieties that yielded up to 75% more dry matter and have since been formally released. The most significant results of silage processing and feeding trials include improved growth, higher feeding efficiency, increased year-round local feedstuff, and considerable labor reduction from eliminated cooking and vine cutting. Once these technologies were developed, a farmer-to-farmer training model was designed for scaling up the adoption and impact. Farmer trainers from seven communes in seven provinces received training in these technologies. In turn, they undertook the responsibility of training other farmers on sweetpotato selection, processing, and feeding. An impact study was also administered to monitor and evaluate (M&E) the dissemination process and to document the impact of the new technologies and farmer-to-farmer training model on pig growth and farmer income generation. The results showed that both participating and non-participating farmers have taken up the technologies, although the former demonstrates higher rates of adoption than the latter. The participants also generated more income and saved more labor from the adoption of the technologies. While the scaling up and M&E activities are on-going, the project has since broadened from a sweetpotato-pig system perspective to a pig-cropfeed system perspective based on farmers needs. It has included other crop feeds such as cassava and peanut stems in the research portfolio. New technologies based on on-going PTD will continuously be incorporated into the future training curriculum.Dai Peters is currently a senior scientist with the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) based in Hanoi, Vietnam. This publication is based on research conducted while she was a research scientist with the International Potato Center (CIP). She holds a PhD from North Carolina State University. Her research interests include on-farm participatory research methodologies, agroenterprise development, and sweetpotato-pig farming systems in Vietnam and Papua, Indonesia. Her recent publications include a manual on crop-based pig feed systems, post-harvest fermentation of sweetpotato roots and vines, and agroenterprise development.Nguyen Thi Tinh is currently a coordinator of the sweetpotato-pig improvement project at the International Potato Center in Vietnam. Ms. Tinh holds a Masters degree in animal nutrition from Wageningen University, Netherlands. She participated in the project on pig feeding trials for five years.Mai Thach Hoanh is a sweetpotato breeder with the Root Crop Research Center of Vietnam Agricultural Science Institute (VASI). He holds a PhD in sweetpotato breeding from the same institute. He participated in the project for seven years on sweetpotato selection. Nguyen The Yen is a crop scientist in the Food Crop Research Institute of Vietnam. He holds a PhD in sweetpotato breeding from VASI. He participated in the project for five years on sweetpotato selection.Pham Ngoc Thach is a lecturer with the Hanoi Agricultural University. He holds a PhD in veterinarian science from the same university. He participated in the project for five years in controlling pig diseases during the feeding trials.Keith Fuglie is a regional coordinator and research scientist in the International Potato Center based at Bogor, Indonesia. He holds a PhD in agriculture economics from the University of Wisconsin. He designed the impact study for the project.  相似文献   

自交系铁C8605-2在我国玉米育种中的地位和作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈中赫  刘敬娟  贾德涛 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(15):6244-6246

铁C8605-2是当前我国玉米育种工作中被广泛应用的主要玉米自交系之一,为培育高产优质多抗杂交种做出了巨大贡献。它具有配合力高、抗逆性强、适应性广、综合农艺性状好的突出特点,因而被广泛应用,以它为亲本组配的玉米杂交种,产量高,稳产性好,适应性广;抗倒性、抗病性强,推广面积大,品种生命周期长。截至2005年底,以铁C8605-2为亲本组配的杂交组合通过国家或省审定推广的品种有14个,种植面积达870万hm2,利用铁C8605-2作中间试材选育的衍生系16个,审定的玉米杂交种16个以上,已在生产上推广种植,种植面积正在逐年扩大,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。  相似文献   

套袋苹果斑点类病害的研究进展     

王继秋  马建华  孙纪霞  栾炳辉  任强 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(10):2941-2943,3093

从症状类型、病原菌种类及其生物学特性、发生流行规律等方面综述了近年来国内套袋苹果斑点类病害的研究进展,提出了农业防治、化学防治并举的综合防治措施.  相似文献   

陕西设施蔬菜根结线虫病流行因素与控制对策   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

陈志杰  张锋  梁银丽  张恩顺  徐福利  杜社妮  王琦 《西北农业学报》2005,14(3):32-37

研究分析了陕西设施蔬菜根结线虫病的分布、危害及影响其发生的主要因素。结果表明,蔬菜根结线虫病分布于陕西关中、陕北、陕南不同生态区,发生第3年的棚室有部分出现绝收,以黄瓜、厚皮甜瓜受害最重。辣椒有一定的耐病性;韭菜、葱、大蒜具有较强的抗病性。3月中旬至5月下旬为侵染及危害的高峰期。以卵或2龄幼虫随病残体在土壤中度过寄主中断期。病土、病苗、灌溉水及病残体是近距离传播主要途径,远距离传播主要是借助流水、风、病土搬迁、农机具、带病的种子和有机肥等。设施蔬菜种植面积的迅速扩大是引起陕西蔬菜根结线虫病大面积发生的主要原因,且随着棚室连作种植年限的延长其发生危害程度加重。合理轮作、高温消毒、栽植无病种苗及1.8%阿维菌素2000~3000倍液灌根可有效控制根结线虫病的危害。切断传播途径是预防蔬菜根结线虫病发生面积进一步扩大的关键技术措施。  相似文献   

猪戊型肝炎研究进展     

伍玉洁  杨小芹  尹苗  吴倩  陈希文 《猪业科学》2021,38(4):96-98

我国为猪戊肝发病率比较高的地区之一,曾发生戊型肝炎的多次爆发或大面积的流行,并可传播给人类,与人的生活密切相关,回顾猪戊肝炎病毒结构特征研究,流行方式、临床症状及病理变化等,为猪戊型肝炎未来的诊断提供参照。文章收集国内外文献资料查询酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、免疫电子显微镜(IEM)、免疫荧光实验(IFA)、荧光定量RT-PCR法对防治猪戊型肝炎进行研究,对其作了分析、比较和汇总。为猪戊型肝炎病毒提供了有效诊断方式以及防御措施。对猪戊型肝炎仍需养殖者认真护理,一旦确诊为动物戊型肝炎,应立即对其进行隔离治疗。  相似文献   

Logistic模型在植病流行学中应用的有关问题的探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

檀根甲  胡官保 《安徽农业大学学报》1998,25(2):138-141

根据水稻纹枯病流行的研究,观察了病害流行速度与初始病情的的关系,结果表明,病害流行速率与初始病情呈负相关,其回归式为ｒ＝０．１１７７－０．０２２６Ｌｎｘ０／１－ｘ０,在ｘ０不同的情况下,不能直接比较ｒ。对不同环境下的病害最大比率即环境容纳量Ｋ值进行了０．１６８优化筛选,认为采用０．６１８法拟合病害流行曲线较符合实际。  相似文献   

冀、鲁、豫三省粮食生产的态势、优势、问题与对策     

郭淑敏  马帅  陈印军 《勤云标准版测试》2007,(1)

从冀、鲁、豫三省2004年农业总体概况出发,研究了冀、鲁、豫三省从1980—2004年间粮食生产态势、粮食生产的综合比较优势,剖析了三个省粮食生产中存在的主要问题,并提出积极的解决对策。  相似文献   

新乡市高校园林植物种类及配置分析     

段艳红  熊辛未  鲜靖苹 《安徽农业科学》2015,(9):191-193

通过对新乡学院、新乡医学院、河南科技学院3所高等学校植物资源进行调查、统计、分析,结果表明一共有127种植物,其中乔木61种,灌木32种,草本30种,藤本4种。并在此基础上分析3所高校植物群落物种结构及物种多样性,提出深化校园绿地建设的对策和改进建议。  相似文献