南水北调工程洛河渡槽耦合动力分析     

杨世浩李正农  郑明燕 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,34(12)

在合理模拟临跨的静态荷载以及质量影响的基础上.采用三维有限元对南水北调工程洺河大型渡槽典型槽段单跨渡槽进行结构地震动力分析.对于影响渡槽结构动力响应的盆式支座、槽内水体与结构的流固耦合作用以及桩基-土体的动力相互作用,参照相关规范的原则和相关研究成果,在尽可能反映其实际影响和合理简化的基础上进行模拟,研究了结构自振特性、结构各部位的动力位移、应力以及内力响应.计算结果表明:采用不同水体模拟方法和不同计算分析方法得到的动力响应规律是一致的,动力响应值比较接近.  相似文献   

Preliminary observations on the effects of Meloxicam in a new model for acute intra-articular inflammation in dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. van Bree  C. Justus  J. F. Quirke 《Veterinary research communications》1994,18(3):217-224

The effects of intra-articular injection, on two occasions, 3 weeks apart, of the contrast agent Urografin on the cytological and biochemical characteristics of synovial fluid (SF) were examined in two studies in dogs. The first study provided baseline data in two non-medicated dogs. The second study used a cross-over design whereby 4 dogs received a 7-day oral treatment with either a placebo or meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg body weight daily) with a washout period of 3 weeks, in order to determine the effect of this new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) on the response to Urografin injection. SF samples were collected under general anaesthesia prior to and at 24 and 72 h after each Urografin injection. The volume, relative viscosity, white blood cell count and concentrations of protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and hyaluronic acid of these samples were determined.The results from both studies indicate that intra-articular injection of Urografin provoked a mild local transient inflammatory response, the most dramatic evidence of which was an increase in the white blood cell count in the SF after 24 h. In the second study, comparison of the synovial fluid measurements of the placebo-treated dogs at 24 h after Urografin injection with those prior to injection revealed significant increases in SF volume, white blood cell count, protein concentration and LDH activity and a significant reduction in relative viscosity. At 72 h after injection, only the white blood cell count and relative viscosity were significantly different from the pre-injection values. All of these measurements were, however, associated with high coefficients of variation, which must be taken into account in assessing the usefulness of the model for drug-testing purposes. Nevertheless, the administration of meloxicam significantly reduced the SF volume and white blood cell count at 24 h relative to the effects of concurrent placebo treatment. The general health status of the animals was not disturbed at any time as assessed by clinical and haematological observations. No adverse reactions were observed.Abbreviations LDH lactate dehydrogenase - NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug - SF synovial fluid - WBC white blood cell count  相似文献   

A COMPARISON OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND RADIOGRAPHY FOR THE DETECTION OF SMALL AMOUNTS OF FREE PERITONEAL FLUID IN THE DOG     

Raymond K.  Henley  DVM  David A.  Hager  DVM  Norman  Ackerman  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1989,30(3):121-124

The detection of small amounts of free peritoneal fluid in the canine patient can be a diagnostic dilemma. Ultrasonography and radiography have been advocated to detect intraabdominal fluid not detectable by physical exam. The purpose of this study was to determine the more sensitive method for detecting small amounts of free peritoneal fluid. Ultrasound examinations and radiographs were performed after increments (1 ml/lb body weight) of fluid were injected intraperitoneally. Ultrasonography detected fluid in one animal at 2 ml/lb. AH other animals had fluid detected at 3 ml/lb. With radiographs fluid could be detected with a high degree of accuracy at 4 ml/lb. The lateral view was more accurate than the ventrodorsal view in detecting fluid. The authors concluded that Ultrasonography is more sensitive than radiography and is the method of choice to detect small amounts of free peritoneal fluid.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal distribution of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in citrus and impact on Homalodisca coagulata populations     

Castle SJ  Byrne FJ  Bi JL  Toscano NC 《Pest management science》2005,61(1):75-84

Titers of two systemic neonicotinoid insecticides in citrus trees were measured in conjunction with conventional evaluations of their impact on glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca coagulata (Say); GWSS) populations. Xylem fluid samples were collected at regular intervals and from multiple locations within field-grown citrus trees to determine imidacloprid and thiamethoxam concentrations using commercial ELISA kits. Uptake profiles varied considerably with peak mean titers of imidacloprid occurring 6-8 weeks after application compared with 2 weeks for thiamethoxam. The persistence of each compound also varied as near-peak levels of imidacloprid were sustained for another 6-10 weeks before gradually declining. In contrast, thiamethoxam titers declined more rapidly after the initial peak, possibly reflecting an application rate only one-quarter of that used for imidacloprid. Within-tree distributions were more similar for the two compounds, with no significant effect due to height of the sample (upper or lower half) or to the quadrant location within the tree, with the exception of one quadrant in the thiamethoxam-treated trees. Substantial reductions in GWSS nymphs and adults were observed in imidacloprid-treated trees during the 2001 trial and were sustained for 4-5 months after treatment. Treatment effects on nymphs were not as well pronounced in the 2002 trial, when overall GWSS infestations were much reduced from the previous year. However, consistently lower adult infestations were still observed in 2002 for both treatments compared with untreated trees. Information on the spatial and temporal profiles in citrus trees was obtained for both compounds to complement field impact data and improve understanding of their pest management potential.  相似文献   

Aflatoxin B<Subscript>1</Subscript> Binding to Sorbents in Bovine Ruminal Fluid   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Spotti M  Fracchiolla ML  Arioli F  Caloni F  Pompa G 《Veterinary research communications》2005,29(6):507-515

A recent approach to the problem of contamination of agricultural products by aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) is to add non-nutritional adsorbents to animal diets in order to sequester ingested aflatoxins. We conducted in vitro experiments to develop a rapid and cheap model using ruminal fluid to assess the ability of sorbent materials to bind AFB₁. Seven sorbents (hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate; clinoptilolite; zeolite; two types of bentonite; sepiolite; and PHIL 75), commonly added to bovine diets were incubated in water and ruminal fluid in the presence of AFB₁. Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate, sepiolite and one of the bentonites bound 100% of the AFB₁ in the presence of both ruminal fluid and water; clinoptilolite bound about 80% of AFB₁ in both liquids; whereas the affinities for the mycotoxin of zeolite (50%) and the other sample of bentonite (60%) in water seem to be increased by about 40% in ruminal fluid incubations. PHIL 75 had the poorest binding ability: about 30% in water and 45% in ruminal fluid. In view of the differences in toxin binding in water and ruminal fluid, it is preferable to use the ruminal fluid model for the in vitro pre-screening of sorbent materials potentially useful as adjuvants to ruminant feeds.  相似文献   

Influence of Fluid Therapy on Gentamicin Pharmacokinetics in Colic Horses     

van der Harst MR  Bull S  Laffont CM  Klein WR 《Veterinary research communications》2005,29(2):141-147

The aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin is commonly used in equine medicine for the prevention and treatment of Gram-negative and staphylococcal bacteria in surgically treated colic patients. The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in these patients might be altered by the disease status, and/or under the influence of fluid therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intravenous fluid treatment on gentamicin kinetics in colic patients. Colic patients subjected to laparotomy were given fluid infusions according to clinical status. Following gentamicin administration, blood samples were taken for gentamicin analysis at different time points, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters including Vc, Vss, t(1/2) and MRT were calculated. Horses undergoing fluid therapy showed a significantly different t(1/2), clearance and MRT as compared to non-infused patients. However, taking into account the clinical status of the patients receiving fluid support, the data suggest that endotoxaemia, rather than fluid therapy, influence gentamicin pharmacokinetics following laparotomy.  相似文献   

Synovial fluid and plasma concentrations of ceftiofur after regional intravenous perfusion in the horse     

Pille F  De Baere S  Ceelen L  Dewulf J  Croubels S  Gasthuys F  De Backer P  Martens A 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2005,34(6):610-617

OBJECTIVE: To determine radiocarpal (RC) joint synovial fluid and plasma ceftiofur concentrations after regional intravenous perfusion (RIP) and systemic intravenous (IV) administration. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental cross-over study. ANIMALS: Five normal adult horses. METHODS: One RC joint was randomly selected for RIP and the contralateral RC joint was sampled to determine intrasynovial ceftiofur concentrations after IV administration. Wash-out between IV and RIP was > or = 14 days. After surgical introduction of an intraarticular catheter, ceftiofur (2 g) was administered under general anesthesia either IV or by RIP after tourniquet application. Plasma and synovial fluid were collected over 24 hours. Samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and the results were statistically analyzed using a linear mixed effect model. RESULTS: Mean synovial fluid ceftiofur concentrations were consistently higher after RIP than after IV administration and were > 1 mug/mL (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] for common pathogens) for >24 hours. Mean synovial fluid peak concentration of ceftiofur after RIP and IV administration was 392.7+/-103.29 microg/mL at 0.5 hours postinjection (HPI) and 2.72+/-0.31 mug/mL at 1 HPI, respectively. Large variations in synovial fluid and plasma ceftiofur concentrations were observed between horses regardless of administration technique. RIP did not cause adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Under the present experimental conditions RIP with ceftiofur (2 g) induced significantly higher intraarticular antibiotic concentrations in the RC joint in comparison with IV administration. Moreover, after RIP, synovial fluid ceftiofur concentrations remain above the MIC for common pathogens (1 microg/mL) for > 24 hours. No adverse effects from the technique or the antibiotic were observed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: RIP with high doses of ceftiofur may be a beneficial adjunctive therapy when treating equine synovial infections which are caused by cephalosporin susceptible microorganisms.  相似文献   

Characterisation of transthyretin and retinol-binding protein in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of dogs     

Forterre S  Raila J  Forterre F  Brunnberg L  Schweigert FJ 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2006,171(3):451-455

The aim of this study was to investigate differences in concentrations of vitamin A, transthyretin (TTR) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in dogs. RBP was detected using ELISA, and both RBP and TTR by Western blot analysis after separation on SDS-PAGE. Vitamin A was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. RBP and TTR as well as vitamin A were detected in all samples but at substantially lower concentrations in CSF compared to plasma. RBP in dog plasma showed a similar molecular mass to that of humans, whereas canine TTR had a lower molecular mass. Comparison between plasma and CSF showed that both RBP and TTR were of lower molecular mass in CSF. In CSF, RBP and retinol were present at 10-100-fold lower concentrations compared to plasma. Retinyl esters were present only in minute amounts in 5/17 samples. In conclusion, the CSF of dogs compared to humans is significantly different in terms of both quality and quantity of transport proteins for vitamin A.  相似文献   

叶面喷施有机液肥对冬瓜产量和品质的影响     

黄继川  彭智平  徐培智  李文英  于俊红  林志军  吴雪娜  杨林香 《广东农业科学》2012,39(1):19-20

研究表明叶面喷施有机液肥能够使冬瓜增产5.84%~13.96%;同时提高冬瓜维生素C和可溶性蛋白含量,改善品质。但在稀释200倍喷施时冬瓜增产效果差,而且降低冬瓜维生素C和可溶糖含量,应当采取适当浓度方可取得较好的应用效果。  相似文献   

超临界CO_2流体萃取天然植物香精研究进展     

李卓  郭玉蓉  邓红 《农产品加工．学刊》2012,(9):19-24

天然香精是从芳香植物中用物理方法提取的有机混合物,具有独特、自然、舒适的香气和香韵,在香料工业、日化、食品等领域有广泛应用,但利用传统方法萃取易使其原有香味失真;超临界CO2流体萃取是一种新型分离技术,特别适于不稳定及热敏性天然产物的萃取,利用该技术萃取天然香精可得到高品质高价值的产品。概述了超临界CO2流体萃取技术,介绍了近几年该技术萃取植物天然香精及其与其他分离技术结合的相关研究,探讨了该技术在应用中存在的问题及其发展前景,旨在为该技术萃取天然香精的进一步应用提供参考。  相似文献