苹果品种果实糖,酸含量的分级标准与风味的关系   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

贾定贤  米文广 《园艺学报》1991,18(1):9-14

根据对渤海湾地区129个苹果品种果实可溶性糖、可满足酸含量连续2年测定结果,提出了苹果品种果实糖、酸含量可以分为极高、高、中、低、极低5级及其分级标准。这一分级标准的确定,为苹果果实风味的评价和不同地区果实风味的比较提供了参考依据。根据对苹果果实糖、酸含量的测定和对果实口尝品评的结果,对糖、酸含量与果实风味的关系做了探讨。风味优良的品种,其糖酸比多在20-60的范围,偏高者风味趋甜,偏低者风味偏酸。而糖酸比值小于10的风味均不佳。优质的品种,其果实含酸量多为中等(0.40—0.69％),合酸量极高者风味最差。果实含可溶性糖的变化幅度不大,而含可滴定酸的变幅较大。因此,风味的优劣受含酸量的影响较大。  相似文献   

牛奶中风味物质及其影响因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵军  卢德勋  马燕芬 《中国奶牛》2008,33(1):47-49

牛奶以其独有的风味深受消费者的青睐。牛奶风味已成为评价牛奶等级的重要指标,也在逐渐改变人们对牛奶的传统消费观念。本文主要对牛奶的风味物质,特别是牛奶中的愉快风味物质和影响风味物质的因素进行了详细的综述。  相似文献   

饲喂乳酸菌制剂对肥育猪生长性能、肉品质及风味物质含量的影响     

邓子潇  陈光成  管武太  许国焕  余忠丽  姚继明 《中国畜牧杂志》2018,(3)

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加乳酸菌制剂对肥育猪生长性能、肉品质及风味物质含量的影响。选取平均体重为(55±2)kg的杜×长×大三元杂猪240头,随机分为3个处理组,每组4个重复,每个重复20头试猪,公、母各半。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(玉米-豆粕型),2个试验组饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加0.3%乳酸菌干粉和0.3%乳酸菌菌液,这2种制剂中乳酸菌含量均为1.2×10~9 CFU/g。试验期57 d,在饲养试验结束时,每个重复选择2头(1公1母)接近平均体重的试猪进行屠宰,测定胴体性状、肉品质和风味物质含量。结果表明:饲粮中添加乳酸菌干粉和乳酸菌菌液均对肥育猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量及耗料增重比无显著影响(P0.05),对肥育猪胴体直长、斜长、背膘厚、皮厚及眼肌面积也无显著影响(P0.05),对肌肉的肉色、大理石纹、pH、滴水损失率及剪切力无显著改善(P0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮中添加乳酸菌菌液显著降低背最长肌中次黄嘌呤含量(P0.05),但2个试验组肌苷酸、谷氨酸和肌内脂肪均无显著差异(P0.05)。综上所述,饲喂乳酸菌制剂对肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质无显著影响,但可降低肌肉中次黄嘌呤含量,有利于改善猪肉的风味。  相似文献   

Does ethylene degreening affect internal quality of citrus fruit?     

Lina MayuoniZipora Tietel  Bhimanagouda S. PatilRon Porat 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,62(1):50-58

Citrus fruit are non-climacteric. However, exposure to exogenous ethylene, e.g., during ethylene degreening, stimulates various ripening-related processes in the peel tissue, such as destruction of the green chlorophyll pigments and accumulation of orange/yellow carotenoids. Nonetheless, it is not yet known whether exogenous ethylene affects internal ripening processes in citrus flesh. To address this question, we examined the possible effects of ethylene on taste, aroma, perceived flavor, and nutritional quality of various citrus fruit, including ‘Navel’ oranges, ‘Star Ruby’ grapefruit and ‘Satsuma’ mandarins. Exposure to ethylene enhanced peel color break, and respiration and ethylene production rates in all citrus fruit tested. However, ethylene degreening had no effect on juice total soluble solids and acid contents, and had only minor effects on contents and composition of juice aroma volatiles. Moreover, sensory analysis tests revealed that ethylene degreening did not affect the flavor of oranges and grapefruit, but marginally impaired sensory acceptability of mandarins; the latter change could be attributed, at least partially, to storage of the fruit for 5 days at 20 °C. Nevertheless, ethylene degreening did not enhance off-flavor perception or accumulation of off-flavor volatiles, nor had any effect on levels of health promoting compounds such as vitamin C, total phenols and flavonoids, or antioxidant-activity of citrus juice. We conclude that although ethylene affects peel color break, it is probably not involved in regulation of internal ripening processes in citrus fruit and, therefore, does not impair internal fruit quality.  相似文献   

Aroma perception of individual volatile compounds in fresh tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum, Mill.) as affected by the medium of evaluation     

K. S. Tandon  E. A. Baldwin  R. L. Shewfelt   《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2000,20(3):2250-268

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Evaluation of Maturity and Flavor of Melons Using an Electronic Nose     

TANG Xiao-wei  HE Hong-ju  GENG Li-hua  ZHANG Wan-qing 《农业科学与技术》2011,(3):447-450

In this work,an electronic nose was used to evaluate the different cultivars and mature stages of melons,so as to establish a scientific method to accurately distinguish the maturity and varieties of melons. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA ) showed that immature melons could be well distinguished from mature melons using electronic nose. When PCA method was used to analyze,electronic nose could completely classify and identify the maturity of melons. Meanwhile,the electronic nose could distinguish different varieties of melons with high discrimination value. The flavor of samples under cut or no cut conditions would slightly change,leading to the variation of discrimination value among different varieties. The samples with similar flavor under no cut condition could be analyzed through cutting mode. The research built a rapid and accurate method to judge the maturity of melons instead of man sense.  相似文献   

干海带中挥发性风味成分的分析与鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

刘智禹 《农学学报》2011,(6)

为了鉴定干海带的挥发性风味品质,采用固相微萃取法(SPME)提取干海带的挥发性风味成分,利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)对海带干品中挥发性风味成分进行分离鉴定,采用面积归一化法测定了各种成分的相对质量分数。研究结果表明,干海带中含有58种挥发性物质,占总质量分数的99.99%,其中醛类17种、醇类14种、酮类7种、烃类13种、酸类3种、其它类化合物4种。醛类化合物占全部挥发性化合物的比例最大,为39.22%,其次为醇类化合物,达到30.73%;烃类占18.51%,酮类6.86%,酸类2.67%。海带的主要挥发性成分是正己醛(20.48%)、1-戊烯-3-醇(10.44%)、丁基甲苯(8.71%)、2-戊酮(3.89%)和(S)-甲基-环氧乙烷(3.85%)等化合物。  相似文献   

GC/MS结合程度相似度用于烟用香精质量评价     

黄世杰  陈志燕  蒋宏霖  王维刚  许蔼飞  吴晶晶 《安徽农业科学》2009,35(19):8828-8829

[目的]为烟用香精质量评价提供新方法。[方法]采用GC/MS法建立烟用香精指纹图谱,对6批次CW#烟用香精样品,计算其相关系数、夹角余弦和程度相似度。[结果]GC／MS结合程度相似度算法能够有效地反映样品间的整体差异。[结论]该方法准确、可行,可作为烟用香精质量评价的一种直观、合理、有效的技术手段。  相似文献   

不同种类饼肥与化肥配施对烟叶香气质量的影响   总被引：80，自引：0，他引：80  

武雪萍  钟秀明  秦艳青  刘国顺  杨超  王恒旭 《中国农业科学》2006,39(6):1196-1201

【目的】研究饼肥与化肥配施对烟叶香气质量的影响，为烟叶生产施肥提供参考依据。【方法】采用田间试验，对比了芝麻饼、菜籽饼、大豆饼、花生饼4种饼肥与化肥配施对烟叶石油醚提取物、化学成分和香气物质成分含量的影响。【结果】4种饼肥与化肥各半配施与纯施化肥相比，可明显提高烟叶石油醚提取物含量，增加烟叶香气物质成分的总含量。4种饼肥处理相比，以芝麻饼肥与化肥各半配施烟叶糖碱比较适宜，可明显改善烟叶香吃味，提高烟叶品质。表现为烟叶香气质纯净、香气量较足、杂气较少、刺激性适中、余味舒适、烟气柔和、燃烧性好。【结论】河南省植烟区烟叶生产选择芝麻饼肥与化肥各半配施为宜。  相似文献   

Texture and Flavor of Hybrid Striped Bass Fed Soybean Meal Diets     

《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(2):83-91

Baked fillets from hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops) fed varying amounts of soybean meal and raised in ponds or tanks were evaluated for flavor and texture. Using a triangle test, panelists were able to discriminate between fillets from fish fed soybean meal in the diet as compared to fillets from fish fed only fish meal with respect to flavor and texture in most comparisons. In paired comparison tests, panelists described fillets from fish fed soybean meal as less dry or tough compared to fish-meal-fed fish. In addition, panelists were able to discriminate between fillets from fish raised in ponds compared to those raised in tanks, regardless of diet. However, in a limited test, panelists found no differences in the acceptability of fillets with respect to flavor and texture. Data showed that soybean meal in the diet of hybrid striped bass had a significant discernible effect on flavor and texture of fillets, but this effect was not important in acceptability of the fillets.  相似文献