氨酪酸对离体蟾蜍心脏活动的影响     

陈忠  肖汉洪  黄惠萍 《湖北农业科学》2003,(4):86-89

采用常规离体蟾蜍心脏灌流法 ,通过生理记录仪经张力换能器系统描记心脏活动 ,探讨氨酪酸(GABA)对离体蟾蜍心脏活动的影响 ;结果表明 ,GABA明显增强了蟾蜍离体心脏收缩和舒张活动 ,并在一定范围内存在剂量依赖性 ;GABAA 受体阻断剂印防己毒素和GABAB 受体激动剂巴氯酚对心脏的收缩和舒张均有抑制作用 ;GABA能够加强肾上腺素对离体蟾蜍心脏的增强作用 ,而逆转乙酰胆碱的抑制作用 ;在酚妥拉明存在的条件下 ,GABA的正性肌力作用受到抑制 ;而在普萘洛尔和阿托品分别存在的条件下 ,GABA能够逆转普萘洛尔对离体蟾蜍心脏的抑制作用 ,而加强阿托品对离体蟾蜍心脏的增强作用 ;以上这些药品对心率均无明显影响。GABA对离体蟾蜍心脏的增强作用是通过GABAA 受体正性肌力作用和GABAB 受体负性肌力作用共同调节的 ,在生理状态下 ,以GABAA 受体作用为主 ,GABA的正性肌力作用可能是通过肾上腺素能系统中的α1 受体介导来完成的 ,而与胆碱能系统可能无关  相似文献   

糙米发芽工艺参数研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭豪宁  赵玉华  常学东  杨冰峰 《安徽农业科学》2015,(21):259-262

[目的]优化糙米发芽工艺参数.[方法]以黑龙江省糙米为原料制备发芽糙米,通过单因素试验确定最佳的糙米浸泡温度、浸泡时间、发芽温度、发芽时间,紫外分光光度法快速测定确定糙米及发芽糙米中的γ-氨基丁酸和游离氨基酸的含量为指标,进行正交试验.[结果]试验表明,浸泡温度为30℃,浸泡时间为10 h,发芽温度为35 ℃,发芽时间为34 h,此条件下γ-氨基丁酸的积累量达最高.浸泡温度为35℃,浸泡时间为12 h,发芽温度为25 ℃,发芽时间为34 h,此条件游离氨基酸积累量达最高.[结论]研究可为进一步了解黑龙江省七台河糙米产品提供依据.  相似文献   

γ–氨基丁酸对低氧胁迫下甜瓜幼苗氮代谢及矿质元素含量的影响     

宋锁玲  李敬蕊  高洪波  李青云  杨丽文  弓瑞娟 《园艺学报》2012,39(4):695-704

 以甜瓜‘西域1号’为材料,采用营养液水培方法,研究了低氧胁迫下外源γ–氨基丁酸（GABA）对幼苗根系无机氮代谢及矿质元素含量的影响。试验结果表明,低氧胁迫下甜瓜根系中硝酸还原酶（NR）、亚硝酸还原酶（NiR）活性显著提高,硝态氮（NO₃^--N）、亚硝态氮（NO₂^--N）、铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）以及谷氨酸、氨基酸、总氮含量显著增加,而可溶性蛋白含量显著降低,同时K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Zn含量显著降低,Mn、Fe、Cu含量大幅提高,根系生长受到严重抑制;低氧胁迫下添加外源GABA处理的甜瓜根系中NO₃^--N、NO₂^--N、NH₄⁺-N、谷氨酸、氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质、总氮、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Zn含量以及NR、NiR活性显著高于低氧胁迫处理,而Mn、Fe、Cu含量显著降低,缓解了低氧胁迫对根系生长的抑制;低氧胁迫下同时添加GABA和钨酸钠处理的根系NR活性显著降低,同时NiR活性和NO₃^--N、NH₄⁺-N、谷氨酸、氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质、总氮含量和根系干质量均显著降低。说明低氧胁迫下外源GABA可以通过诱导NR活性的提高促进硝酸盐的吸收和转化,通过提高K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Zn的吸收和减少Mn、Fe、Cu的吸收,缓解低氧胁迫甜瓜根系的伤害。  相似文献   

Localization of amino acids in germinated rice grain: Gamma-aminobutyric acid and essential amino acids production approach     

《Journal of Cereal Science》2020

Germinated rice is popularly consumed for its high gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and bioactive compounds. Supporting information on how to germinate rice with high GABA content and essential amino acids is lacking. White and colored rough rice were germinated for 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h. GABA, GABA substrates and essential amino acids were also investigated using GC-MS and MALDI-MSI. GABA was more concentrated after germination and shifted into the coleoptile. High correlation was recorded between germination time and GABA (0.79–0.83, p ≤ 0.01) and glutamic acid (0.88–0.89, p ≤ 0.01). Highest rates of GABA and glutamic production were observed within 48 h of germination in both rice varieties (26.12 and 34.28 mg/100g) and reached maximum value at 96 h (31.36 and 38.75 mg/100g). Colored rice germination showed higher GABA, GABA substrates and deficient amino acids than white rice. GABA and essential amino acids drastically increased after germination, supporting the consumption of germinated rice as a functional food.  相似文献   

γ-氨基丁酸对夏季生长肥育猪血清生化指标的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

胡家澄  邹晓庭  曹德瑞  董金格  孙科 《饲料工业》2008,29(20)

将48头体重43kg左右的"杜×长×大"三元杂交猪随机分成两组,饲喂在基础日粮中添加0、10mg/kgGABA的日粮。结果表明:添加GABA使血清中钙、磷、钾、氯4种无机离子浓度提高,差异不显著(P>0.05);总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮水平有提高趋势,差异不显著(P>0.05),葡萄糖水平提高13.29%,差异显著(P<0.05);丙氨酸转氨酶、天门冬氨酸转氨酶活性上升,差异不显著(P>0.05),乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸磷酸激酶活性分别下降16.93%(P<0.05)、38.22%(P<0.01);谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均有上升,其中GSH-Px差异极显著(P<0.01),丙二醛含量下降(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

γ氨基丁酸对高温环境下生长肥育猪生产性能及激素水平的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

徐秋良  张庆莉  唐国盘  唐光武 《家畜生态学报》2009,30(6):28-32

将96头45 kg左右的杜长大三元杂交商品猪分成4组,日粮中分别添加0(对照)、10、30及50 mg/kg的γ氨基丁酸(GABA),在45 d的试验期内,研究高温环境下日粮添加GABA对生长肥育猪生产性能及抗应激效果的影响.结果表明:日粮添加10、30及50 mg/kg GABA显著提高猪采食量、日增重(P<0.05).血清HPA、HPT激素检测结果表明,GABA降低猪血清ACTH含量(P<0.01),且30、50 mg/kg处理组显著低于10 mg/kg组.与对照组相比,日粮添加30 mg/kg GABA显著降低猪血清COR浓度(P<0.01),而10、50 mg/kg效果不显著(P>0.05).10、30及50 mg/kg GABA均显著降猪低血清CORS含量(P<0.01).日粮添加30或50 mg/kg GABA显著提高猪血清T3、T4含量(P<0.01).实验结果显示,日粮添加GABA可以缓解高温环境生长肥育猪的热应激,提高生产性能.  相似文献   

桑叶中γ-氨基丁酸含量的测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

夏玉玲  徐立  杨翠凤 《中国农学通报》2009,25(20):209-212

γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyricacid,简称GABA）是动物中枢神经系统中的一种主要的抑制性神经递质,也是广泛地存在于植物体内的一种与逆境胁迫有关的非蛋白氨基酸。实验探索出了适合桑叶的测定方法为比色法,利用AlCl3有效去除桑叶中的水溶性色素后,采用分光光度法准确地测定桑叶中GA-BA的含量。同时,对目前生产上主要栽种的23个桑树品种的GABA的含量进行了测定,其结果显示含量较高的桑树品种为火桑,其新鲜桑叶中GABA的含量为1.224mg/g,为GABA的进一步研究和桑叶中功能性成分的开发利用奠定了试验理论基础。  相似文献   

Mode of action of the plant-derived silphinenes on insect and mammalian GABA_A receptor/chloride channel complex     

Jeffrey R. Bloomquist  Dhana Raj Boina  Paul R. Carlier  Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2008,91(1):17-23

The silphinenes are tricyclic sesquiterpenes that have antifeedant and toxic effects in insects and structural similarity to the known GABA antagonist, picrotoxinin. In murine synaptoneurosomes, silphinenes block GABA-stimulated influx of ³⁶Cl⁻ with EC₅₀s in the range of 10-30 μM. In insects, silphinenes were tested in neurophysiological recordings of central neurons from third instar Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Silphinenes reversed the blockage of neuronal firing induced by GABA, but had little effect below 100 μM. The structure-activity profile observed in the murine chloride flux assay was also observed in the larval neurophysiological assay, indicating little selectivity for the silphinenes. A reference silphinene was equally active on nerve preparations from the rdl strain of D. melanogaster, which is resistant to channel-blocking antagonists via an altered GABA receptor. This latter finding suggests that silphinenes interact with the insect GABA receptor in a manner somewhat different from PTX, and that rdl resistance in the field may have little effect on silphinene efficacy.  相似文献   

麦麸提取γ-氨基丁酸工艺的优选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

廖周华  陈铭志  李彩娟  林瑞余  林文雄 《亚热带农业研究》2010,6(4)

以麦麸为材料,通过正交试验,探讨了提取介质、温度和时间对提取γ-氨基丁酸含量的影响。结果表明,麦麸中提取γ-氨基丁酸的最佳条件为:以水为提取介质(pH=7.0),温度37℃、抽提6 h,每克麦麸可提取到γ-氨基丁酸3.810 mg。  相似文献   

Effects of the essential oil constituent thymol and other neuroactive chemicals on flight motor activity and wing beat frequency in the blowfly Phaenicia sericata     

Ranil Waliwitiya  Peter Belton  Russell A Nicholson  Carl A Lowenberger 《Pest management science》2010,66(3):277-289

BACKGROUND: The effects were evaluated of the plant terpenoid thymol and eight other neuroactive compounds on flight muscle impulses (FMIs) and wing beat frequency (WBF) of tethered blowflies (Phaenicia sericata Meig.). RESULTS: The electrical activity of the dorsolongitudinal flight muscles was closely linked to the WBF of control insects. Topically applied thymol inhibited WBF within 15–30 min and reduced FMI frequency. Octopamine and chlordimeform caused a similar, early‐onset bursting pattern that decreased in amplitude with time. Desmethylchlordimeform blocked wing beating within 60 min and generated a profile of continuous but lower‐frequency FMIs. Fipronil suppressed wing beating and induced a pattern of continuous, variable‐frequency spiking that diminished gradually over 6 h. Cypermethrin‐ and rotenone‐treated flies had initial strong FMIs that declined with time. In flies injected with GABA, the FMIs were generally unidirectional and frequency was reduced, as was seen with thymol. CONCLUSIONS: Thymol readily penetrates the cuticle and interferes with flight muscle and central nervous function in the blowfly. The similarity of the action of thymol and GABA suggests that this terpenoid acts centrally in blowflies by mimicking or facilitating GABA action. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献