两系杂交水稻糙米率的配合力研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈光辉  王建龙  周清明  陈立云 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,33(5):518-521

选用8个籼型光温敏不育系作母本,30个恢复系品种作父本,共配制两系杂交水稻组合74个,进行两系杂交水稻糙米率配合力遗传研究.结果表明:1)两系法杂交水稻杂种F1谷粒的糙米率与父本(恢复系)和双亲平均的谷粒糙米率呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.3123和0.3068;与母本(不育系)谷粒糙米率相关不显著,相关系数为0.1031.2)6×6不完全双列杂交法配合力分析结果表明,两系杂交水稻糙米率性状的表现在组合间差异极显著;父、母本的一般配合力效应和组合的特殊配合力效应差异显著;父、母本的一般配合力作用大于组合的特殊配合力作用,一般配合力方差占总个基因型方差的65.02%,特殊配合力方差占34.98%;一般配合力作用,父本的作用(基因型方差为63.70)大于母本的作用(基因型方差为55.34).  相似文献   

华贵栉孔扇贝数量性状的相关性及通径分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鄢朝  顾志峰  章华忠  王嫣  石耀华  战欣  王爱民 《南方水产》2012,8(3):34-38

为查明华贵栉孔扇贝（Chlamys nobilis）数量性状间的相关性,随机选取526只扇贝,对其形态性状（壳高、壳长、绞合线长和壳厚）和质量性状（总质量、贝柱鲜质量、鲜肉质量、干肉质量和贝柱干质量）进行测量,采用多元回归与通径分析方法研究了5个易测数量性状（壳高、壳长、绞合线长、壳厚和总质量）对鲜肉质量、贝柱鲜质量和贝柱干质量的影响。结果表明,总质量与鲜肉质量、贝柱鲜质量和叭柱干质量呈极显著的正相关（P〈0．01）。多元回归与通径分析显示,这5个易测数量性状指标中,总质量对3个经济性状的正面影响非常大,其他指标的影响较小甚至不明显。  相似文献   

三角帆蚌HcTyr基因内壳色性状相关SNP筛选及图谱定位     

韩学凯  陈夏君  白志毅  刘晓军  李家乐 《水产学报》2017,41(7):1044-1053

为研究三角帆蚌HcTyr基因与内壳色性状的相关性,本实验根据已分离的三角帆蚌HcTyr基因进行引物设计和片段扩增,并用144只三角帆蚌对其多态性进行筛选和验证,卡方检验分析了SNP位点和三角帆蚌内壳色相关性,并对HcTyr基因进行了图谱定位。结果显示,在HcTyr基因上筛选出8个SNP位点,其中有7个SNP位点与三角帆蚌内壳色L、a及d E呈显著相关性,用这7个SNP位点做单倍型构建和分析,发现Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ这3种单倍型在白色群体中出现的频率极显著高于在紫色群体中出现的频率,而Ⅴ和Ⅶ这2两种单倍型在紫色群体中出现的频率极显著高于白色群体。进一步在商业养殖群体中验证发现,Ⅳ和Ⅶ这2种单倍型可分别作为白色和紫色群体的优势单倍型。研究表明,三角帆蚌HcTyr基因可作为内壳色相关的候选基因,其部分SNP位点可用于三角帆蚌分子辅助育种。另外本实验还将HcTyr基因定位在三角帆蚌LG16连锁群上,这为进一步解析该基因调控珍珠颜色形成的分子机制奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Validation of Xanthophyll Levels in Catfish Fillets Using Digital Photography     

Bochao Hu  David Cline  Yifen Wang  Shaoyang Liu 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(7):723-729

Catfish fillets with yellow coloration have become a prevalent problem for the catfish industry. This problem is due to the unacceptability in the market because the shift in fillet color is considered of lower quality by the consumers. To help the catfish industry better understand the yellow coloration of catfish fillet, a digital photography measurement method was developed to evaluate the yellowness. Sixty catfish fillets with a range of degrees of visible yellowness were taken directly from the processing line. The fillets were photographed in a light box with a digital camera. The photos were calibrated with the X-Rite ColorChecker standardized color target. CIELAB readings of the fillet photos were recorded, and the b* value was used to indicate the yellowness of catfish fillets. The xanthophyll levels of fillets were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography. The actual xanthophyll level in catfish fillet was calculated as the sum of lutein, zeaxanthin, and alloxanthin. A linear correlation was found between the LAB b* values and xanthophyll levels of the 60 catfish fillets.  相似文献   

Tailoring codend mesh size to improve the size selectivity of undifferentiated trawl species     

D. E. Hunt  D. L. Maynard  T. F. Gaston 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2014,21(6):503-508

Tiger flathead, Neoplatycephalus richardsoni (Castelnau), and sand flathead, Platycephalus bassensis Cuvier, are undifferentiated and managed with a common legal minimum length (LML). The Commonwealth Trawl Sector (CTS) and the Tasmanian Danish‐seine fishery (TDSF) use a minimum codend mesh sizes of 90 and 70 mm, respectively. The codend mesh size should be tailored to the LML, which is based on the length of first maturity of females (M₅₀). This study found the length–girth relationship of N. richardsoni and P. bassensis was not significantly different. Using the covered codend method, these two species had 50% retention lengths (L₅₀) of 294 ± 2 and 307 ± 3 mm, in 70‐mm and 90‐mm codends, respectively. L₅₀ estimates for mesh sizes from this study and others produced a curvilinear relationship: y = 120 ln(x) ? 214, with an r² of 0.8504. The size at maturity (M₅₀) for female N. richardsoni was 337 mm, which is larger than the estimate for female P. bassensis (247 mm). There is a mismatch between the estimates of L_50, the estimates of M₅₀ and the LMLs in each fishery, leading to suboptimal exploitation of female Platycephalus. The model produced in this paper recommends a codend mesh size of 98 mm for both fisheries to exploit Platycephalus species sustainably.  相似文献   

Genetic parameters for growth‐related traits and survival with age in the Kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus     

Jiahui Liu  Jingjing Zheng  Jianyong Liu 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(1):42-48

Genetic parameters were estimated for growth‐related traits and survival of the Kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus based on 66 families, including 30 paternal half‐sib families, which were obtained using artificial insemination of two females by each male. The variance components for growth‐related trait and survival were estimated using a single‐trait animal model and a sir‐dam model, respectively, and genetic parameters were estimated using the restricted maximum likelihood method. The coefficients of variation for growth‐related traits such as body length (BL), abdominal length (AL), and body weight (BW) were 9.36%–22.44%, 10.61%–21.92%, and 26.47%–58.33%, respectively, at different ages (45, 75, 105, 135, and 165 days). The corresponding heritability estimates for each growth trait were 0.1545–0.1951, 0.1672–0.1905, and 0.1596–0.1934, respectively, all of which were found to be at moderate levels and increased with age. The heritability of survival on day 165 was low (0.003). The genetic correlations among growth traits were positive and high (0.7316–0.9896) at the different ages, suggesting that selection to improve any single growth trait will cause positive responses in other growth traits examined in M. japonicus. The genetic correlations between growth traits and survival were also positive but low (0.005–0.087), which indicated that only selecting for growth traits may not cause a positive correlated response in the survival of the core population. According to the above results, we suggested that growth and survival traits should be taken as improving targets of breeding in M. japonicus. These results provided reference data for selective breeding and multitrait selection of M. japonicus.  相似文献   

Production of Interesting Peptide Fractions by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Tuna Dark Muscle By-Product Using Alcalase     

Sami Saidi  Marie-Pierre Belleville  André Deratani  Raja Ben Amar 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(2):251-264

ABSTRACT

A protein hydrolysate was prepared from proteins of tuna dark muscle by-product. The hydrolysis conditions (time, temperature, pH, and enzyme concentration) using Alcalase was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The regression coefficient close to 1.0, observed during experimental and validation runs, indicated the validity of the model. The hydrolysate produced under the optimum conditions determined by RSM has a low rate of peptide fraction of molecular weight of 4–1 kDa. Meanwhile, the results obtained by hydrolysis under optimal conditions determined by a complementary study (temperature 55°C, time 60 min, 1% enzyme concentration, and pH 8.5) show that the hydrolysate produced has a height rate of the peptide fraction of molecular weight of 4–1 kDa. The amino acid composition of the protein hydrolysate prepared proved to have the potential for application as an ingredient in balanced fish diets and as a source of nitrogen in microbial growth media.  相似文献   

用IGF—ⅠmRNA表达量评价鲮饲料配方效果的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜巨峰  张殿昌  邱丽华  林黑着  江世贵 《南方水产》2010,6(2):66-72

试验以秘鲁鱼粉为饲料蛋白源,研究4种蛋白水平（21．5％、32．2％、42．5％和51．6％）的饲料对鲮（Cirrhinus molitorella）生长、消化酶活性及类胰岛素生长因子（IGF—Ⅰ）mRNA表达水平的影响。经过8周的养殖试验,不同饲料蛋白水平下,蛋白酶活性与特定生长率（SGR）成极显著的正相关性（P〈0．01）;鲮肝组织中IGF—ⅠmRNA的表达量与特定生长率成极显著正相关性（P〈0．01）;鲮肝组织IGF—ⅠmRNA的表达量与蛋白酶活性也成极显著正相关性（P〈0．01）。结果表明,用鲮肝组织IGF—ⅠmRNA的表达量可以快速鉴定饲料的质量。  相似文献   

增氧对池塘沉积物酶活性的影响     

林海  周刚  李旭光  周军  张彤晴 《水利渔业》2011,32(5):100-104

比较研究了微孔和机械2种增氧养殖模式下4种沉积物酶活性的动态变化,并分析了所测酶活性与养分因子的相关性。结果表明：（1）4种酶活性随水温的季节性变化较为明显,其中蛋白酶活性与脲酶活性变化呈单峰状曲线,蔗糖酶各月波动较大,过氧化氢酶活性整体呈上升趋势。（2）池塘沉积物中酶活性对不同增氧方式有明显的响应,2种增氧均可提高4...  相似文献   

Associations between morphometric variables and weight and yields carcass in Pirapitinga Piaractus brachypomus     

Fagner Machado Ribeiro  Mrio Lima  Pedro Aurlio Tataíra da Costa  Diego Machado Pereira  Thony Assis Carvalho  Tadeu Vilela de Souza  Hortência Aparecida Botelho  Fabyano Fonseca e Silva  Adriano Carvalho Costa 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(7):2004-2011

The objective of this work was to evaluate the association between morphometric variables and carcass characteristics in Pirapitinga. We used a thousand specimens of Pirapitinga with an average weight of 1,200 g, which were stunned, slaughtered, weighed, measured, and processed for morphometric and processing yield analysis, to obtain weights, carcass and fillet yields. Initially, the linearity of the variables was verified. Pearson's simple and partial correlation tests were performed between all metrics. Track analysis was performed considering the weights and yields of carcass and filet as dependent variables and the others as independent variables. Ridge regression models were used to eliminate the effects of multicollinearity among the independent variables. Observations showed that the simple correlations between body weights and yields were superior to the partial ones in terms of magnitude. The length and circumference of the specimens were the measures most linearly associated with weight, carcass weight and fillet with rib weight. As for carcass yield and fillet yield, linear correlation coefficients were low and not significant when associated with body weights. With the path analysis, we could observe significant positive correlations between the morphometric measurements for weight, carcass weight and fillet with rib weight. The standard length, body circumference and body circumference/body height ratio are the most correlated. The latter are the most important variables in the evaluation of body weights in Pirapitinga fish. They can serve as criteria for indirect selection in searching for fish with better carcass characteristics. As for fillet and carcass yields, the morphometric variables have not shown to be efficient for indirect selection.  相似文献