棉铃虫部分组织中蛋白酶抑制剂的调查与分析          下载免费PDF全文

张艳  赵萍  王凌燕  钟晓武  邹勇  衣启营 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,32(2)

蛋白酶抑制剂在鳞翅目昆虫的生长、发育以及免疫过程中发挥了重要作用.该文采用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(Native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Native-PAGE)结合胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂(Chymotrypsin inhibitor,CI)和胰蛋白酶抑制剂(Trypsin inhibitor,TI)活性染色的方法,调查了棉铃虫部分组织中胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂和胰蛋白酶抑制剂的分布情况.结果表明:在碱性非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳下,血液中可检测到5条CI活性带,分别命名为H-CI1~H-CI5.同样能检测到几条迁移率很近且难以分开的TI活性带,而在头、丝腺、脂肪体、体壁、中肠和生殖腺等组织器官中没有检测到CI和TI活性带.在酸性非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳下,血液中检测到一条CI活性带,命名为H-CIb1;两条TI活性带,命名为H-TI1和H-TI2.其他组织与碱性电泳的结果一致,未检测到CI和TI的存在.  相似文献   

土壤容重对棉铃虫卵发生的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

黄健普宗朝  张山清高永健 《中国农学通报》2010,26(22):277-281

棉铃虫卵量的多少直接决定着危害棉花的幼虫的数量,而在新疆以二代幼虫危害最为严重。不同棉区的气候和土壤类型有差异,而土壤是棉铃虫幼虫入土和化蛹的重要媒介,因此弄清土壤对虫卵产生的作用有着理论和现实的意义。此文通过对南疆（麦盖提县）和北疆（沙湾县）两个植保站的多年虫情资料和全疆30个农业气象试验站的实测数据进行回归分析、通径分析和聚类分析,得出影响南疆麦盖提县虫卵的因子较多,其中土壤容重对其虫卵的发生直接作用较小（-0.025）,指示作用较小,而影响北疆沙湾县虫卵的因子较少,土壤容重对其虫卵的发生直接作用较大（-0.294）,指示作用相对较大。降水对虫卵的影响在南、北疆也不相同。土壤容重对虫卵的影响是负作用,对虫卵的发生起到一定的指示作用。因此,可能运用不同地区的土壤容重,并结合相关的气候和生物因子,可以对棉铃虫卵的发生程度起到一定的指示作用。  相似文献   

石河子地区棉田棉铃虫抗药性监测   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

武万锋  张建华  赵伊英  王会龙  刘林  郝晶 《中国农学通报》2010,26(9):323-325

本研究利用高效氯氰菊酯、丙溴磷、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和硫丹4种代表性杀虫剂对石河子地区的桃花镇、石河子大学农田试验场(以下简称农试场)、泉水地镇等3个试验点的棉铃虫Helicoverpaarmigera(Hübner)种群采用FAO推荐的微量点滴法进行了抗性测定,试验结果表明：石河子地区3个试验点的棉铃虫种群均对高效氯氰菊酯产生了低抗性水平（抗性倍数分别为7.47、5.38和7.88倍）,对丙溴磷、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和硫丹3种药剂没有产生明显抗性。  相似文献   

Monitoring resistance of Helicoverpa armigera to different insecticides used in cotton in Spain     

Carlos Avilla  José E. González-Zamora 《Crop Protection》2010

Helicoverpa armigera is the key pest of cotton in Spain, resulting in many insecticide treatments against it. The resistance status of H. armigera to different insecticides currently used in cotton was evaluated in Spain in two different seasons, 1999 and 2004. Four populations were tested in total, two in each season. Toxicological bioassays were conducted in the laboratory, and performed on third instar larvae by topical application of the insecticides. LD₅₀'s were estimated by probit analysis and resistance factors (RF) were calculated at the LD₅₀ level. Four insecticides were evaluated, but only endosulfan reached a moderate resistance level (RF = 11.4), and the others (methomyl, chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin) showed low resistance (RF between 1.9 and 6.0). Such results indicate the generally low resistance of H. armigera to most of the insecticides used against this pest in cotton in Spain. Possible explanations for this situation are discussed.  相似文献   

Expression responses of nine cytochrome P450 genes to xenobiotics in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera     

Xiaojie Zhou  Chengfa Sheng  Hua Wan  Dong Liu  Xinghui Qiu 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2010,97(3):209-213

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The effects of diet on the detection of resistance to Cry1Ac toxin in Australian Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)     

Robin V. Gunning  Graham D. Moores 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2010,97(1):55-59

The effects of raw or heat-denatured soybean flour in an artificial diet on the detection of Cry1Ac resistance in Helicoverpa armigera were examined. Resistant neonate larvae reared on denatured soybean flour diet showed resistance factors of 7980 and 16,901 at the LC₅₀ and LC_99.9 levels, respectively. By comparison, resistance could not be detected in neonate larvae reared on raw flour diet. Third instar larvae reared on denatured flour diet showed resistance factors of 322 and 21,190 at the LC₅₀ and LC_99.9 levels. Resistance was not detected in third instar larvae reared on raw flour diet. There was 68% survival of resistant neonate larvae on Bollgard II cotton leaf feeding assays, compared to 100% mortality in a susceptible strain. We conclude that detection of CRY1Ac resistance in H. armigera from Australia can be masked, if an artificial diet gives chronic exposure to potent, protease inhibitors present in raw soy flour.  相似文献   

基于主成分分析的玉米棉铃虫预测模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭小芹  刘明春  魏育国 《西北农业学报》2010,19(8):69-73

棉铃虫是河西走廊东部玉米主要害虫之一,气象因素对其种群消长具有非常重要的影响。利用1999-2008年棉铃虫发生资料与同期气象资料,通过对棉铃虫危害程度和其种群消长动态的分析,采用主成分方法对棉铃虫发生动态进行模拟,建立了棉铃虫危害特征预测模型。检验结果表明:预测模型准确率78%~89%,订正模型准确率提高10%以上。模型预测时效超前、效果好,且具有动态特征,可用于研究区域棉铃虫发生程度的监测、预警与研究。  相似文献   

Relative Fitness of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Seven Host Plants: A Perspective for IPM in Brazil     

C. Reigada  K. F. Guimar?es  J. R. P. Parra 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2016,16(1)

The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a widespread pest of many cultivated and wild plants in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. In 2013, this species was reported in Brazil, attacking various host crops in the midwestern and northeastern regions of the country and is now found countrywide. Aiming to understand the effects of different host plants on the life cycle of H. armigera, we selected seven species of host plants that mature in different seasons and are commonly grown in these regions: cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, “FM993”), corn (Zea mays, “2B587”), soybean (Glycine max, “99R01”), rattlepods (Crotalaria spectabilis), millet (Pennisetum glaucum, “ADR300”), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, “AGROMEN70G35”), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, “SEMPRE VERDE”). The development time of immatures, body weight, survivorship, and fecundity of H. armigera were evaluated on each host plant under laboratory conditions. The bollworms did not survive on corn, millet, or sorghum and showed very low survival rates on rattlepods. Survival rates were highest on soybean, followed by cotton and cowpea. The values for relative fitness found on soybean, cotton, cowpea, and rattlepods were 1, 0.5, 0.43, and 0.03, respectively. Survivorship, faster development time, and fecundity on soybean, cotton, and cowpea were positively correlated. Larger pupae and greater fecundity were found on soybean and cotton. The results indicated that soybean, cotton, and cowpea are the most suitable plants to support the reproduction of H. armigera in the field.  相似文献   

降雨量与棉铃虫发生的关系研究     

李胄  郑永善  唐保善 《湖北农业科学》2016,(13):3340-3348

本研究利用同一地点连续10年的棉铃虫[Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)]数量和降水的资料,对降雨量与棉铃虫数量的关系进行分析。结果表明,2-4月的月降雨量和一日最大降雨量均与二代棉铃虫百株卵量呈正相关,其中2月月降雨量与二代棉铃虫百株卵量呈显著正相关,2月中旬降雨量与二代棉铃虫百株卵量呈极显著正相关,3月的日最大降雨量、中旬降雨量与二代棉铃虫百株卵量呈显著正相关,3月降雨量≥0.1 mm的日数与二代棉铃虫百株卵量呈极显著正相关。8月的月降雨量与三代棉铃虫百株卵量呈负相关。8月的降雨量、一日最大降雨量及日最大降雨量≥5.0 mm日数与四代棉铃虫百株卵量均呈极显著正相关。8月下旬的降雨量与四代棉铃虫百株卵量的正相关度最高。9月各旬的旬降雨量均与四代棉铃虫百株卵量呈负相关。10月日最大降雨量≥25.0 mm的日数与次年二代棉铃虫百株卵量呈负相关。11月的降雨量和日最大降雨量≥5.0 mm的日数均与次年二代棉铃虫百株卵量呈极显著负相关,且最重要的降雨旬是11月中旬。建立了18个棉铃虫百株卵量与降雨因子相关达显著以上水平的回归方程。  相似文献   

不同化学药剂对烟青虫和斜纹夜蛾的防治效果     

周孚美  马云明  单雪华  伍绍龙  王秋芽  刘思乡 《安徽农业科学》2016,44(16):167-169

[目的]筛选出防治烟青虫和斜纹夜蛾的新型高效低毒化学药剂供湘南地区烟叶生产上使用。[方法]采用田间比较鉴定、室内检测分析等方法,从烟株的抗虫性、初烤烟叶外观和内在品质等方面研究了4种化学药剂的防治效果及其对烟叶生产的影响。[结果]参试的4种化学药剂中,20%氯虫苯甲酰胺乳油对烟青虫和斜纹夜蛾的防效显著,其药后7、15 d防效分别是94.77%和83.14%、89.85%和80.29%,优于化学对照药剂2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油,且对烟叶的外观和内在品质无负面影响。[结论]20%氯虫苯甲酰胺乳油可替代高效氯氟氰菊酯在烟草上推广使用。  相似文献