六倍体小黑麦重要性状的改良潜力探究     

崔紫霞  张传量  冯洁  许小宛  孙道杰 《麦类作物学报》2018,(8):914-921

小黑麦是近代创建的禾本科新作物,具有生物量大、抗逆性好等特点,适宜农牧结合区种植。为明确小黑麦重要性状的改良潜力并为粮饲兼用型小黑麦杂交育种提供依据,以我国的冬性小黑麦兰小黑和CIMMYT的春性小黑麦CM-12、CM-13及其构建的三个杂交F₁、F₂群体为材料,对苗相、株高、单株穗数、穗长、小穗数、叶片特性、茎秆特性等重要农艺性状进行田间考察,分析各性状的配合力,并计算3个F₂群体各个性状的遗传变异系数、遗传力等参数,以探索各重要性状的改良潜力。结果表明,冬性与春性小黑麦的杂交群体比春性与春性杂交群体具有较高的变异系数和遗传力;小黑麦的穗颈长、旗叶宽、旗叶长等性状遗传力较高,变异系数较大,利用分离群体对这些性状进行遗传选择的潜力较大,具有可行性。  相似文献   

江西省烟田保育现状与改良技术研究进展     

陈昆 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(32):17-18,20

烟草作为一种重要的经济作物,在经济农业中占有举足轻重的地位。就河南省烟田现状、存在的问题等进行了概述,对高效平衡施肥技术、还田技术、改良剂等土壤改良技术进行了综合分析,旨在为烟草产业持续发展提供技术参考和理论基础。  相似文献   

邦德羊改良甘肃高山细毛羊的效果          下载免费PDF全文

徐蕾  李少斌  胡江  王继卿  刘秀  闫伟  罗玉柱 《西北农业学报》2014,23(12):13-16

以邦德羊为父本、甘肃高山细毛羊为母本进行杂交改良试验,并对杂交F1代羔羊(简称邦甘细)的生长性能和屠宰性能进行分析。生长观测表明,邦甘细初生体质量、4月龄体质量、6月龄体质量和12月龄体质量分别比甘肃高山细毛羊纯繁组(简称甘高细)高14.14%、17.90%、28.17%和33.97%(P0.01)。4月龄前平均日增量、4~6月龄平均日增量、12月龄前平均日增量极显著高于甘高细(P0.01)。屠宰结果表明,邦甘细4月龄、6月龄和12月龄的胴体质量和屠宰率均高于甘高细,且各年龄段胴体质量差异极显著(P0.01)。说明,以邦德羊为父本对甘高细进行杂交改良的F1代羔羊的生产性能和屠宰性能显著提高,改良效果明显。  相似文献   

Examining the role of business improvement districts (BIDs) as contemporary alternatives for Green Infrastructure funding in London,UK     

《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2023

Sustainable sources of funding for investment in Green Infrastructure have become increasingly difficult to identify due to centralised government financing cuts in the UK. Although local government, as traditional normative funders, have adopted innovative approaches to capital and revenue spending there remains a significant gap in how and what resources are supported. Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) are one set of stakeholders that potentially have a role to play in addressing funding deficits. As subscriber funded organisations, they work at a local level to enhance economic prosperity, as well as delivering socio-cultural and ecological enhancement in identified urban areas. This paper examines the experience of BIDs in London to debate the influences and barriers to their investing in Green Infrastructure. It argues that BIDs can act as critical advocates for Green Infrastructure planning where the latter aligns with local economic objectives. Moreover, we identify spatial variations in the extent to which BIDs in London engage with Green Infrastructure in their documentation and practice, illustrating differences in the perceived value of the concept. We conclude that BIDs hold the potential to facilitate investment in Green Infrastructure due to their position as conduits of business, local government, and community objectives. However, to fully embrace this role balance is needed between the setting of environmental objectives and the need to support local business needs, land ownership issues, and capital/revenue financing considerations.  相似文献   

磺胺二甲嘧啶钠注射液和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠注射液细菌内毒素检查方法的改进研究     

韩宁宁  张雯  王轩  彭文绣  赵晖  杨秀玉  戴青  赵富华 《中国兽药杂志》2023,57(12):69-77

对磺胺二甲嘧啶钠注射液和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶呐注射液的细菌内毒素检查方法的拟定标准进行了改进,通过固定浓度的盐酸溶液溶解供试品,再使用无热原滤膜过滤的方法排除了干扰。通过上述供试品前处理方法的改进,检验人员无需采用特殊灵敏度的鲎试剂,亦可完全消除干扰作用,增强了标准的可执行性。  相似文献   

磷肥配施生物质改良剂对盐渍土改良与玉米增产的效应          下载免费PDF全文

王雨  刘传洲  陈金林  刘广明  王秀萍  姚荣江 《土壤》2023,55(2):348-355

以玉米为供试作物，通过田间试验设置无磷肥和生物质改良剂对照、单施不同量磷肥和磷肥配施生物质改良剂(微生物菌肥、生物质炭、腐殖酸和黄腐酸)处理，研究了磷肥配施生物质改良剂对盐渍化土壤的改良效应及对玉米的增产作用。结果表明：与对照处理相比，各处理的土壤容重和pH分别降低1.96%～14.38%和0.11%～1.98%，土壤有效磷含量增加33.71%～182.39%；施磷75 kg/hm²处理下的籽粒磷素积累量最高，施磷150 kg/hm²处理下的茎秆、叶片和植株的磷素积累量最显著；磷肥利用率、磷肥农学效率和磷肥偏生产力随施磷量增加呈下降趋势。与对照处理相比，各处理的玉米单株鲜重和干重分别增加6.52%～34.78%和11.54%～42.31%，百粒重和产量分别增加31.15%～40.52%和21.81%～60.02%。主成分分析表明，150 kg/hm²磷肥配施7 500 kg/hm²生物质炭处理的综合得分最高(分值为1.255 1)，该处理在土壤改良、磷肥利用与玉米增产等方面的综合效果最优。  相似文献   

苏打碱土快速改良与草坪草种植同步的研究     

刘希然  李志洪  姜璐  聂英斌 《草地学报》2022,30(12):3302-3307

针对苏打碱土区草坪建植困难，本文利用重度碱化苏打碱土加入硫酸钙、疏水材料(秸秆、石灰、沙子)和有机肥，研究实验室条件下种草生长与碱土改良同步进行的效果，为碱土地区草坪生产提供理论依据。在碱土中加入硫酸钙和疏水材料(秸秆、石灰、沙子)并混施有机肥后，播种矮生百慕大(Cynodon dactylon)、高羊茅(Festuca elata Keng ex E. Alexeev)和早熟禾(Poa annua Linn)混合种子，并用大量水淋洗，实现改良与生长同步。结果表明：经28 d生草后碱土pH值、电导率、交换性钠大幅降低，土壤微团聚体等方面均有所改变。碱土添加硫酸钙可使pH值最多下降2.18个单位，交换性钠及碱化度下降超过90%，土壤饱和导水率增加，结构明显改善，可满足草坪草的生长条件。硫酸钙改良重碱土对草坪草生长促进作用明显，加有机肥对生草促进作用不显著。本研究结果为利用苏打碱土种植草坪草提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

National Swine Genetic Improvement: An overview of essential program components and organizational structure needed for success          下载免费PDF全文

John MABRY 《华南农业大学学报》2005,26(Z1)

The swine industry in China is a thrivingand evolving industry that has shown phenome-nal growth over the past10years.Newand mod-ern swine farms have been started in locationsacross the country.Genetics has been importedfrom many different countries in an effort to up-grade the quality and efficiency of the traditionalbreeds of swine.But to insure long term successand viability in a worldwide competitive industrysuch as pork,there is need for a National SwineGenetic Improvement Program.This…  相似文献