日本对虾的酚氧化酶特性研究          下载免费PDF全文

赵娇  戚晓玉 《上海海洋大学学报》1997,(3):157-165

本文以日本对虾为材料提取和部分纯化酚氧化酶，并对其特性进行了研究，以邻苯二酚为作用底物，该酶的最适ｐＨ为６．５，在ｐＨ５．０－８范围内较高稳定性，最稳定的ｐＨ为７．０，最适温度为４０℃，在４０℃以下表现出较高的热稳定性，而在５０℃以上迅速失活。该酶对不同的酚类物质表现出不同的底物专一性，由高至低的趋势依次为三元酚、二无酚和单元酚。米氏常数Ｋｍ值测定表明，该酶对邻苯二酚比ＤＬ－多巴有更高的亲和力。浓  相似文献   

日本锦鲤亲鱼培育及人工繁殖技术     

陈万光  张耀武  郭国强 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(19):5773-5774

[目的]为了加快培育日本锦鲤亲鱼。[方法]在试验的基础上,总结出日本锦鲤亲鱼池塘培育和人工繁育的技术方法。[结果]试验结果表明:该技术取得了良好的效果,可对日本锦鲤亲鱼进行大量培育和繁殖。[结论]该文为日本锦鲤亲鱼的培育提供了技术指导。  相似文献   

Usefulness of Japanese-radish residue in biological soil disinfestation to suppress spinach wilt disease accompanying with proliferation of soil bacteria in the Firmicutes     

《Crop Protection》2014

Biological soil disinfestation (BSD) is an effective method to suppress soilborne plant diseases by incorporation of plant biomass into soil under reduced, anoxic condition. Usefulness of Japanese-radish (daikon) residue as plant biomass for BSD was investigated by both model and field experiments in comparison with the effects of Brassica juncea plants or wheat bran. Considerable amounts of acetate together with minor amounts of propionate and butyrate were detected from the radish-treated soils at similar levels with those in soils treated with B. juncea plants or wheat bran. BSD treatments with radish residue reduced spinach wilt disease incidence in both model and field experiments. When the BSD-treated soil was treated again with irrigation and covering without biomass before next cropping, however, wilt disease was hardly suppressed. Clone library analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences was carried out to determine the changes in the bacterial community compositions in the treated soil samples. The analyses showed that the bacterial communities in the radish-treated soils were dominated by members of the classes Clostridia and Bacilli of the phylum Firmicutes in both experiments. The clostridial groups detected were diverse and the major operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were closely related to Clostridium saccharobutylicum, Clostridium sufflavum, Clostridium xylanovorans, and Oxobacter pfennigii, which had been commonly detected as the dominant groups in BSD-soils treated with B. juncea plants or wheat bran in our previous studies. The dominant clone groups belonging to the Bacilli class were closely related to several species such as Bacillus niacini, Bacillus circulans, and Bacillus pycnus. Dominancy of the Bacilli groups seemed to increase when radish residue was repeatedly applied as BSD material.  相似文献   

Effect of supplemental vitamin E on the peripheral blood leukocyte population in Japanese Black calves     

Konosuke OTOMARU  Shun SAITO  Karura ENDO  Masayuki KOHIRUIMAKI  Hiromichi OHTSUKA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):985-988

We investigated the effect of supplemental vitamin E on the peripheral blood leukocyte population in Japanese Black calves. Twenty-six calves kept at the same farm were studied. They were divided into two groups; thirteen calves received 300 IU/day of vitamin E orally from 1 to 3 months of age (VE group), and the other thirteen calves did not receive the vitamin E supplement (control group). The VE group showed a higher serum vitamin E concentration at 2 and 3 months of age compared with the control group (P<0.01). The numbers of CD3⁺ cells and CD4⁺ cells were higher in the VE group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant at 3 months of age (P<0.05). The numbers of CD21⁺ cells were higher in the VE group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant at 2 months of age (P<0.05). The numbers of CD335⁺ cells tended to be higher in the VE group than in the control group. The numbers of CD8⁺ cells and CD14⁺ cells tended to be higher in the VE group than in the control group at 3 and 4 months of age. This study demonstrated that the supplementation of suckling Japanese Black calves with vitamin E might affect the numbers of some immune cell types in the peripheral blood.  相似文献   

日本兽用抗菌药耐药性监控系统及风险管理     

马苏 《中国兽药杂志》2015,49(5):58-61

介绍日本兽用抗菌药耐药性监控系统并分析日本食品动物源细菌耐药现状和抗菌药使用情况,以期为我国动物源细菌耐药性监控管理提供参考和借鉴。  相似文献   

花鲈和西伯利亚鲟生长激素/类胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ轴相关基因全长cDNA的克隆和序列分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志勇  薛敏  王嘉  吴秀峰  郑银桦  韩芳 《动物营养学报》2015,(4)

本研究采用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术克隆花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)和西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii Brandt)生长激素(GH)和生长激素受体(GHR)cDNA全长序列。结果显示:花鲈GH(Gen Bank登录号JQ995145)cDNA全长949bp,开放阅读框615 bp,编码204个氨基酸,预测分子质量为23.06 ku,与其他物种的相似性为36.0%~90.2%;花鲈GHRⅠ(Gen Bank登录号JX402001)cDNA全长3 070 bp,开放阅读框1 911 bp,编码637个氨基酸,预测分子质量为70.79 ku,与其他物种的相似性为32.2%~86.2%;花鲈GHRⅡ(Gen Bank登录号JQ995146)cDNA全长2 926 bp,开放阅读框1 749 bp,编码582个氨基酸,预测分子质量为64.42 ku,与其他物种的相似性为30.8%~81.4%。西伯利亚鲟GH(Gen Bank登录号JX003684)cDNA全长999 bp,开放阅读框645 bp,编码214个氨基酸,预测分子质量为24.14 ku,与其他物种的相似性为38.3%~70.1%;西伯利亚鲟GHR(Gen Bank登录号JX003685)cDNA全长2 283 bp,开放阅读框1 716 bp,编码571个氨基酸,预测分子质量为63.41 ku,与其他物种的相似性为39.5%~49.2%。花鲈和西伯利亚鲟GH和GHR cDNA全长序列的获得为进一步研究鱼类GH/类胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)轴对生长发育的调控机制奠定了科学基础。  相似文献   

Genetic parameters of postnatal mortality and birth weight in Japanese Black calves          下载免费PDF全文

Takayuki Ibi  Alexander K. Kahi  Hiroyuki Hirooka 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(1):25-30

Postnatal mortality (PM) of calves is an economically important trait, because a high mortality rate of calves decreases farm income and significantly increases production costs. In spite of the economic importance of PM, genetic studies on PM have been scarce for Japanese Black cattle. The objectives of this study were to estimate the direct and maternal heritability for PM using a Bayesian threshold model with Gibbs sampling in Japanese Black cattle. The original data consisted of 43 723 records of animals born from January 2005 to June 2006. Four binary traits of mortality were considered: D1‐14, D15‐60, D61‐180 and D1‐180 with numbers indicating the period of risk in days after birth. Direct heritabilities for PM ranged from 0.12 to 0.31 and maternal heritabilities for PM were lower than the direct heritabilities and ranged from 0.02 to 0.16. Direct genetic correlations between D1‐14 and D15‐60, between D15‐60 and D61‐180, and between D1‐14 and D61‐180 were 0.501, 0.689 and 0.062, respectively. Direct genetic correlations of birth weight with D1‐14, D15‐60, D61‐180 and D1‐180 were 0.089, 0.482, 0.434 and 0.394, respectively. These results indicated that different genes were responsible for early and late PM and early PM (D1‐14) can be genetically reduced without influencing birth weight.  相似文献   

Relationships between immunoglobulin and fat‐soluble vitamins in colostrum of Japanese Black multiparous cows          下载免费PDF全文

Mengdong Wang  Shuntaro Ikeda  Hidetugu Yoshioka  Hiroshi Nagase  Shoko Kitamura  Erina Itoyama  Hiroaki Murakami  Miki Sugimoto  Shinichi Kume 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(7):673-678

Data from 19 Japanese Black multiparous cows were collected to clarify the relationships among immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, β‐carotene, vitamin A and α‐tocopherol contents in colostrum of cows in order to evaluate the role of fat‐soluble vitamins on colostral IgG and IgA production. Mean colostral IgG was 141 mg/mL, ranging from 65 to 208 mg/mL, whereas mean colostral IgA was 8.7 mg/mL, ranging from 1.0 to 34.6 mg/mL. Colostral IgG increased with aging in multiparous cows. There were positive correlations between colostral IgG and colostral vitamin A or colostral α‐tocopherol in cows, and the higher adjusted R² was obtained in the prediction model of colostral IgG from age and colostral vitamin A. Colostral vitamin A was positively correlated with colostral β‐carotene or colostral α‐tocopherol in cows, but there were no relationships between colostral IgA and colostral IgG or colostral fat‐soluble vitamins. These results indicate that fat‐soluble vitamin contents in colostrum of cows may change in similar patterns and high colostral vitamin A is related with high colostral IgG.  相似文献   

Application of long-term collected data for conservation: Spatio-temporal patterns of mortality in Japanese serow     

Shiori IKUSHIMA  Masaki ANDO  Makoto ASANO  Masatsugu SUZUKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(2):349

Monitoring the mortality of wildlife provides basic demographic information to support management plan preparation. The utility of mortality records for conservation measures was investigated in the Japanese serow, focusing on temporal trends and spatial distribution. Using the mortality records of Japanese serow from 2006 to 2018 in Gifu prefecture, cause-specific mortality was categorized into five groups (disease, accident, vehicle collision, parapoxvirus infection, and unknown), and the sex ratios were examined. A state space model was used to analyze the time series for the monthly mortalities, and kernel estimation was used for the spatial distribution of the parapoxvirus infection. Land cover type around the detection point was also reported. Disease, accident, and vehicle collision mortality were similar, and 30% of mortality was of anthropogenic origin. The number of mortality records for males was higher, and the larger home range of males could account for this. The state space model showed moderate increases in monthly mortalities over time and a seasonal variation with the highest level in spring and lowest in winter. Land cover analysis demonstrated a temporal increase in the proportion of human settlement areas, suggesting the change of the Japanese serow habitat. The proximity of Japanese serow to human settlements contributed to increase in mortality records. The point pattern analysis indicated spatial clustering for parapoxvirus infection in the area where an epidemic had occurred in the past. Several measures are recommended; however, mortality records can help develop improved conservation plan.  相似文献   

Effect of essential oil supplementation to diet on meat quality,fatty acid composition,performance parameters and intestinal microbiota of Japanese quails     

Cemil Kürekci  Bülent Özsoy  Errol Hassan  Hüseyin Özkan  Aycan Gundoğdu  Şule Yurdagül Özsoy  Akın Yakan 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(5):927-937

The effect of essential oil (EO) supplementation on carcass characteristics of Japanese quails and interactions between ingredients and intestinal morphology were investigated in this study. A total of 250 quails were fed different diet: D1, basal diet (BD); D2, BD plus palmarosa oil (PO; 100 µg/kg diet); D3, BD plus lemon myrtle oil (LMO; 100 µg/kg diet); D4, BD plus α-Tops (mixture of α-terpineol, cineole and terpinene-4-ol; 100 µg/kg diet); and D5, BD plus cyclodextrin. Overall growth performance was determined at multiple time points during 35 days of experiment. Carcass characteristics (fatty acid, pH and colour), intestinal morphology and the expression levels of meat quality-related genes including the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), myogenin and avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) were examined at the end of the trial. Additionally, intestinal microbiome of quails was studied by next-generation sequencing-based culture-independent analysis. Although the inclusion of EOs into the diet had no effect on the growth performance of quails and the microbial profile, the significant changes in pH₂₄ and colour (a*) of the quail's breast muscle (p < .05) in the group receiving PO were observed. Additionally, oleic acid content in the breast muscle was significantly higher in the EOs supplemented groups (p < .01). Quails fed the PO supplemented diet had higher villus and relatively rich in oleic acid. The expression levels of IGF-1 and myogenin genes in quail's muscle were not affected, but the expression of avUCP gene was significantly lower in quails fed with LMO and α-Tops (p < .05). The results demonstrated variable effects of these treatments on intestinal morphology. Taken together, dietary inclusion of EOs is found to be beneficial and hence can be recommended for improving the quality of poultry meat.  相似文献