液体射流泵空化噪声与振动试验     

龙新平  王磊 《排灌机械》2007,25(4):1-5

针对液体射流泵的空化噪声与振动进行了试验研究;运用B＆K加速度仪和水听器对射流泵各部位在不同工况下的空化噪声与振动进行了测量。结果表明：（1）射流泵空化噪声以单极子声源为主,随着流速和紊流度的增大,偶极子作用逐渐增大;（2）射流泵空化噪声与振动随空化程度加剧而更强烈,最强烈处也从喉管向扩散管转移;（3）射流泵面积比越小,达到临界空化前噪声频谱波动越强,临界空化之后噪声谱级趋于平稳,随频率增加而递减;（4）初生空化出现前后噪声在整个频域范围内都有一个较大的跃升,约5-10 dB,此跃升可作为判断初生空化的参考方法;（5）泵体3个正交方向振动并不相同,径向振动较轴向更为明显。  相似文献   

Past, present and future criteria to breed crops for water-limited environments in West Africa     

M. Dingkuhn  B.B. Singh  B. Clerget  J. Chantereau  B. Sultan 《Agricultural Water Management》2006,80(1-3):241-261

Asia's Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s has largely bypassed West Africa, and “modern” (high-yielding, input responsive) germplasm for staple crops has found comparatively little adoption, except for systems that are have good access to markets and sufficient water resources. It is unlikely, however, that breeding objectives conserving traditional crop characteristics as found in extensive systems would have been more successful. The authors identify systems caught in the agricultural transition from subsistence to intensified, market-oriented production as the most important target for crop improvement, and provide examples of new breeding objectives for cowpea, sorghum and upland rice. In each of these cases, breeders, with the help of physiologists, have developed innovative plant-type concepts that combine improved yield potential and input responsiveness with specific traditional crop characteristics that remain essential during the agricultural transition. In the case of cowpea, dual-purpose varieties were developed that produce a good grain yield due to an erect plant habit, then produce new leaves enabling a second harvest of green foliage. For upland rice systems that are limited by labour (mainly needed to control weeds that abound due to shortened fallow periods), a weed competitive plant type was developed from Oryza sativa × Oryza glaberrima crosses. Lastly, sorghum breeders who had previously deselected photoperiod sensitivity are now re-inserting sensitivity into plants having “modern” architecture, in order to allow for flexible sowing dates while maintaining an agro-ecologically optimal time of flowering near the end of the wet season. The ecophysiological basis of these plant types, their place in current and future cropping systems, as well as the problem of under-funding for their realisation, are discussed.  相似文献   

叶用型沙棘育种研究--“蒙×中”沙棘F1代雄株变异特性与选优标准的研究     

卢顺光  金争平  温秀凤  顾玉凯  王克勤  金书源  蓝登明 《国际沙棘研究与开发》2003,1(2):17-22,47

通过对蒙古沙棘亚种优良品种与中国沙棘亚种优良类型F1代雄株的变异特性分析,建立了选择优 良单株的标准,为叶用型沙棘选择育种提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

水科学中应用数理统计方法应注意   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张子贤 《中国农村水利水电》2005,(12):13-15

对回归方程误差的影响因素进行了分析，导出了回归方程的均方误差与其影响因素之间的关系式。分析表明，复相关系数(或相关系数)一定时，倚变量的变差系数越大，回归方程的均方误差就越大；回归分析时，应对回归方程的误差进行分析。对于样本均值估计总体均值，给出了基于误差限制的样本容量的计算式。研究表明，应考虑样本变差系数对估计精度的影响。  相似文献   

Effects of naringenin on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress and its related apoptotic pathways in rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury     

LAN Zhuo  WANG Huan  HE Xi-song  YOU Li-ping  XU Nan  FENG Jian  LI Jia-fu 《园艺学报》2021,37(1):41-47

AIM To observe the effect of naringenin on cardiac injury in ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） rats, and to explore whether the role of naringenin is involved in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress and its related apoptotic pathways. METHODS SD rats （n=48） were randomly divided into sham operation （sham） group, model （I/R） group, naringenin treatment （NAR） group and naringenin+LY294002 （NL） group. Myocardial I/R injury model was prepared by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery of rats for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. After reperfusion, the serum levels of cardiac troponin I （cTnI） was measured by ELISA. HE staining, TTC staining and TUNEL staining were used to detect the myocardial histopathological changes, myocardial infarction area and myocardial cell apoptotic rate. The mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related indicators glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）, C/EBP homologous protein （CHOP） and caspase-12 were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, GRP78, CHOP, caspase-12, p-PI3K and p-AKT were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with I/R group, the serum content of cTnI, myocardial pathological damage, myocardial infarction area and myocardial cell apoptotic rate were significantly reduced （P<0.05）, the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 were decreased （P<0.05）, and the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT were increased in NAR group （P<0.05）. LY294002 attenuated the protective effect of naringenin to some extent. CONCLUSION Naringenin reduces myocardial I/R injury in rats possibly by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and subsequently regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and its related apoptotic pathways.  相似文献   

宁夏荒漠草原不同土地利用方式对土壤活性有机碳的影响     

李学斌  李月飞  陈林  苏莹  祝忠有 《北方园艺》2021,(1):91-99

以宁夏荒漠草原不同土地利用方式(耕地、弃耕地、草地和柠条地)的土壤为研究对象,测定了不同土层土壤有机碳和活性有机碳含量,分析了土壤活性有机碳占有机碳的比例,以期探寻不同土地利用方式对土壤活性有机碳的影响。结果表明:不同土地利用方式土壤总有机碳含量范围在1.78~6.17 g·kg^-1,具体表现为弃耕地>柠条地>草地>耕地。表层(0~5 cm)土壤有机碳含量显著高于深层(10~60 cm),说明荒漠草原土壤有机碳主要富集在表层;4种土地利用方式土壤易氧化有机碳含量为0.57~1.38 mg·g^-1,变化趋势具体表现为柠条地>草地>耕地>弃耕地,且柠条地在每个土层都高于其它3种土地利用方式;土壤可溶性有机碳含量范围为6.8~11.1 mg·kg^-1,变化趋势表现为草地>耕地>柠条地>弃耕地。土壤易氧化有机碳含量占有机碳的比例范围为13.7%~43.1%,大小排序为柠条地>耕地>草地>弃耕地;土壤可溶性有机碳含量占有机碳的比例范围为0.11%~0.48%,比例大小为耕地>草地>柠条地>弃耕地,耕地和草地中土壤可溶性有机碳含量占有机碳比例随着土壤深度的增加而减小,这与有机碳在耕地和草地中变化趋势一致。土地利用变化可以显著影响土壤活性有机碳的含量与分布,能够敏感的反映土壤碳库的变化,可以作为评价宁夏荒漠草原土壤质量和肥力的指标之一。  相似文献   

高亲和钾转运体在植物抗盐中的作用     

赵畅  张淼  李法莲  邵群 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(12):3470-3474

土壤盐渍化是导致作物减产的一项重要原因,Na+对大多数作物是有害的,而钾是植物不可缺少的营养成分,植物根系在外界低钾条件下主要通过高亲和性系统吸收K+.介绍了高亲和钾转运体Trk/HKT和KUP/HAK/KT 2大家族的结构和功能.主要讨论了当植物处于K+饥饿及盐胁迫下,2大家族在改善植物钾营养、提高植物耐盐性方面的作用.  相似文献   

黑线仓鼠胴体重长指标的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

叶华  卢浩泉 《四川农业大学学报》1997,15(2):180-184

黑线仓鼠（Ｃｒｉｃｅｔｕｌｕｓｂａｒａｂｅｎｓｉｓ）是华北平原最主要的农田害鼠之一，本文用胴体重代替体重采用数理统计方法，分析了其胴体重与体长之比（即胴体重长指标）的年龄、性别、季节、年度变化，结果除年度变化外，均发现有显著性差异，雄性的该值较雌性的大得多，同性相比，Ⅳ龄组最大，在１９８７１９８９年间的种群密度下，其胴体重长指标与种群密度间没有相关关系  相似文献   

天女木兰的物候及生长过程   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜凤国  刁绍起  王欢  刘春强  杨德冒  孙曙光  王子明 《东北林业大学学报》2006,34(6):39-40

对生长于北华大学林学院树木园内的天女木兰进行物候观测,并将物候与气象因子紧密结合,揭示了天女木兰的物候规律。同时通过对天女木兰的树干解析,找出了野生天女木兰树木的生长规律,从而为天女木兰的保育和开发利用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

长白山林区主要可燃物类型地表可燃物载量分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

单延龙  关山  廖光煊 《东北林业大学学报》2006,34(6):34-36

对长白山林区主要可燃物类型地表可燃物载量进行了对比分析和聚类分析。通过可燃物类型载量的对比分析,得出易燃的可燃物类型是云冷杉林(鱼鳞云杉103a)、落叶松林(115a)和云冷杉林(鱼鳞云杉80a),最不易燃的是岳桦林(142a)、白桦林(87a)和岳桦林(115a);释放能量最大的可燃物类型是落叶松林(115a),释放能量最小的可燃物类型是白桦林(87a)。通过各可燃物类型的1h时滞可燃物载量和地表总可燃物载量的聚类分析,可把13个可燃物类型化为6类。  相似文献