Pigeonpea Nutrition and Its Improvement     

《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1-2):227-260

Abstract

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millsp.), known by several vernacular and trade names such as red gram, tuar, Angola pea, Congo pea, yellow dhal and oil dhal, is one of the major grain legume crops of the tropics and sub-tropics. It is a favorite crop of small holder dryland farmers because it can grow well under subsistence level of agriculture and provides nutritive food, fodder, and fuel wood. It also improves soil by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. India by far is the largest pigeonpea producer where it is consumed as decorticated split peas, popularly called as ‘dhal’ In other countries, its consumption as whole dry seed and green vegetable is popular. Its foliage is used as fodder and milling by-products form an excellent feed for domestic animals. Pigeonpea seeds contain about 20-22% protein and appreciable amounts of essential amino acids and minerals. Dehulling and boiling treatments of seeds get rid of the most antinutritional factors such as tannins and enzyme inhibitors. Seed storage causes considerable losses in the quality of this legume. The seed protein of pigeonpea has been successfully enhanced by breeding from 20-22% to 28-30%. Such lines also agronomically performed well and have acceptable seed size and color. The high-protein lines were found nutritionally superior to the cultivars because they would provide more quantities of utilizable protein and sulfur-containing amino acids.  相似文献   

大豆高蛋白组合杂交F4代与亲本蛋白质含量的相关性分析     

王新风  蔡红梅  富健  孟凡刚  马巍  董岭超  刘曙光  王秀艳 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(32):18096-18097

[目的]探讨大豆高蛋白组合杂交F4代蛋白质含量与其亲本的相互关系。[方法]2005年以蛋白质含量高（45.00%以上）或产量高的8个大豆品种或品系为亲本,配制6个杂交组合进行杂交,2008年获得杂种F4代相关资料,分析杂种F4代蛋白质含量与亲本的相关关系。[结果]双亲蛋白质含量中值,尤其是母本蛋白质含量对F4代蛋白质含量仍有很大影响,呈正相关;高蛋白组合F4代蛋白质含量分离较大,蛋白质含量降低,低于双亲;F4代蛋白质含量与单株产量呈负相关,与百粒重呈正相关;F4代蛋白质含量与亲本的熟期差异呈负相关,相关性不显著。[结论]若要提高大豆F4代蛋白质含量,应选择蛋白质含量高的材料作为母本;在F4代单株个体的选择上,为保证后代产量应选择大粒型为主。  相似文献   

脂肪细胞膜免疫技术研究进展     

刘希颖  边连全  尤佳 《中国畜牧杂志》2007,43(13):36-40

脂肪细胞膜免疫技术是从以动物脂肪细胞膜分离得到的膜蛋白作为抗原,通过被动免疫或主动免疫来破坏脂肪细胞,使脂肪组织中的细胞数量减少,限制其贮存脂肪的能力,从而达到调控动物生长和降低动物脂肪的目的。本文将对脂肪细胞膜蛋白抗体的制备、作用机制及在动物上的使用效果进行阐述,并对此技术尚需解决的问题和发展方向进行综述。  相似文献   

Protein quality of larval feed with increased concentration of hydrolysed protein: effects of heat treatment and leaching     

A. NORDGREEN  S. TONHEIM  & K. HAMRE 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2009,15(5):525-536

Four heat coagulated early weaning diets with increasing concentrations of pepsin hydrolysed protein, were investigated with regard to the change in protein quality during feed production and exposure to leaching. Water-soluble N, trichloroacetic acid-soluble N and amino acid (AA) profiles were determined in finished diets and in diets leached for 6 min. In vitro diet digestibility was measured and related to increasing inclusion of hydrolysed protein and N leakage. Seventeen to 47% of soluble N in the feed ingredients was made insoluble by heat denaturation during feed production, but the concentration of peptides and free amino acids (FAA) were not influenced. All peptides/FAA and 70–80% of water-soluble protein were lost after exposure to leaching. Increased inclusion of hydrolysed protein increased the loss of crude protein (15–30%). All taurine and 30% of histidine was lost during leaching, no other major changes in AA profile were found. There was no difference in digestibility between diets exposed to leaching. However, leached diets showed reduced digestibility as compared to diets that had not been exposed to leaching. In conclusion micro-bound type diets as used in this study have a low efficiency in delivering soluble N to fish larvae and should be carefully considered for this purpose.  相似文献   

种子直播建立高标准银杏采叶园技术的研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

俞飞飞  丁增成 《安徽农业科学》1998,26(2):168-169

专用型银杏采叶园，已成为当今银杏栽培的最主要模式。种子直播建立银杏采叶园，使生产成本大大地降低，实现了当年投资当年取得显著的经济效益。笔者从①种子的选择；②种子贮藏与播种方法；③覆盖技术；④根外补肥技术入手，旨在解决种子建园中的出芽率问题、病害问题、采叶量问题。为我省的银杏采叶园建设提供量的参考。  相似文献   

哺乳动物SRY基因研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙蕾  赵英丽 《中国畜牧兽医》2008,35(2):35-37

尽管SRY基因的发现已有10多年，但到目前为止，人们还没有弄清楚SRY基因是如何调控胚胎双性腺发育成睾丸的。经过10多年的研究，人们对SRY基因有了新的认识。作者综述了SRY基因的功能，SRY蛋白以及SRY基因在性腺中表达的最新研究进展。  相似文献   

The effect of additional arginine in the high defatted soybean meal diet on the growth of giant gouramy Osphronemus gouramy Lac.     

M. Agus Suprayudi  Toshio Takeuchi  Ing Mokoginta and  Atri T. Kartikasari 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(5):807-811

  相似文献   

植物叶面积测定方法的比较研究     

张鑫  孟繁疆 《计算机与农业》2008,(12):14-15

以两个不同品种的大豆叶片为研究对象，采用了不同的测定方法测定叶面积，分析并指出各种测定方法的优缺点，为在不同测定条件和实验目的要求下选择不同的叶面积测定方法提供依据，也为研究人员提供更加准确、快速、简便和经济的测定方法和依据。  相似文献   

新型激活蛋白对多种作物种子发芽的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

武广衍邱德文  吴珍泉武广繁 赵胜英 《华北农学报》2007,22(B10):21-24

为探讨真菌源激活蛋白在促进种子发芽方面的效果，研究了不同浓度激活蛋白处理对多种作物种子的影响。试验结果表明，用2—3μg／mL的新型激活蛋白浸泡棉种6h，能显著提高种子的发芽势和发芽率。番茄和丝瓜种子分别用1μg／mL的蛋白浸种6h，能显著提高种子的发芽率。黄瓜种子用500倍和1000倍液都能显著提高种子的发芽率。  相似文献   

SPA的实验室制备及标记技术   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵培娥  刘冠章 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,18(1):70-71

ＳＰＡ具有与ＩｇＧＦＣ段非特异性结合的生物学特性，这一特性使其在免疫学研究中有重要的作用，根据应用目的不同，ＳＰＡ制剂分为三类：菌体试剂、ＩｇＧ－ＳＰＡ、可溶性纯化ＳＰＡ。本文将介绍这三种试剂的实验室制备方法及ＳＰＡ的ＦＩＴＣ、ＨＲＰ、１２５Ｉ的标记技术。  相似文献