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11.
采用薄膜分散法制备阿莫西林脂质体,以粒径和包封率为指标评价其质量.前期以正交设计优化筛选出最佳制备工艺,以最优工艺制备阿莫西林脂质体,测定其平均粒径和包封率.实验所制得的脂质体的平均粒径为114.6 nm,包封率为64.89％.结果表明,采用薄膜分散法制备阿莫西林脂质体的方法可行,阿莫西林脂质体的制备为兽药新剂型的研究与应用提供了有价值的参考. 相似文献
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L.A. Wunsch 《Research in veterinary science》2010,88(1):154-158
The purpose of this study was to evaluate arterial blood gases in dogs that were given hydromorphone or extended release liposome-encapsulated hydromorphone (LEH). Dogs were randomly administered LEH, n = 6, (2.0 mg kg−1), hydromorphone, n = 6, (0.2 mg kg−1) or a placebo of blank liposomes, n = 3, subcutaneously on separate occasions. Arterial blood samples were drawn at serial time points over a 6-h time period for blood gas analysis. There was no change from baseline values in PaCO2, PaO2, (HCO3-), pH, and SBEc in the dogs that received the placebo. Administration of hydromorphone resulted in significant increases in PaCO2 (maximum (mean + SD] 44.4 + 1.1 mm of Hg) and significant decreases in PaO2 (minimum (mean + SD) 82.4 + 4.7 mm of Hg) and pH (minimum (mean + SD) 7.31 + 0.01) compared with baseline. Administration of LEH resulted in significant increases in PaCO2 (maximum (mean + SD) 44.6 + 0.9 mm of Hg) and significant decreases in PaO2 (minimum (mean + SD) 84.8 + 2.6 mm of Hg) and pH (minimum (mean + SD) 7.34 + 0.02) compared with baseline. There was no significant difference between these two groups at any time point. The changes observed in PaCO2, PaO2, and pH, however, were within clinically acceptable limits for healthy dogs. LEH was determined to cause moderate changes in arterial blood gas values similar to those caused by hydromorphone. 相似文献
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【目的】对小鼠胚胎干细胞(mESCs)转染条件进行优化。【方法】分别将0.5×105,1×105,2×105,4×105个细胞接种24孔板(各细胞量均接种2孔),培养48h在其细胞融合度分别为30%,50%,70%,90%左右时,分别设置相同的(0.8μgDNA/2μL脂质体)和不同的DNA/脂质体用量(DNA量(μg)/Lipo量(μL)分别为0.4/1,0.8/2,1.6/4,3.2/8),采用脂质体(LipofectamineTM2000)转染法,将pEGFP-N1报告基因载体转染到mESCs中,48h后通过荧光观察和流式分析检测各组EGFP荧光强度,比较转染效率。【结果】在质粒及脂质体用量相同(0.8μgDNA/2.0μL脂质体)的条件下,随着细胞融合度的增加,EGFP荧光强度逐渐减弱,在细胞融合度为30%,50%,70%,90%左右时转染,各组EGFP阳性细胞率分别为56.4%,51.8%,40.8%和23.3%。提高转染质粒及脂质体量可在一定程度上提高转染效率,但脂质体的细胞毒性也随之增加,不利于细胞生长。【结论】低融合度(30%～50%)条件下,使用0.8μgDNA/2.0μL脂质体对mESCs进行转染,可获得较高的转染效率(50%),同时可维持良好的细胞状态。 相似文献
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取健康家兔10只,随机分为2组,单剂量静注和灌服脂质体儿茶素（Catechin Liposome）25mg/kg。用高效液相色谱法测定血浆中儿茶素原药质量浓度。房室模型分析表明：健康家兔静注儿茶素脂质体的药时数据符合无吸收二室开放模型,主要药物动力学参数为：t1/2α0.18±0.01βh,t1/2β1.52±0.08βh,Vd4.48±0.24L,ClB2.05±0.07L/h,AUC29.20±1.00βmg/（L.h）,K101.64±0.19h–1,K211.08±0.06h–1,K121.61±0.19h–1。健康家兔灌服脂质体儿茶素的药时数据符合一级吸收一室开放模型,主要药物动力学参数为：t1/2ka 0.27±0.03βh,t1/2ke 1.72±0.04βh,tmax0.87±0.05βh,Cmax6.53±0.62βmg/L,AUC 25.90±1.34βmg/（L.h）,F 88.60±5.73%。脂质体儿茶素在健康家兔体内的药动学特征是：吸收迅速,达峰时间较短,消除慢,半衰期延长,表现分布容积大,口服生物利用度高。结果表明：儿茶素经脂质体包封后,药物动力学及组织分布均发生了明显改变。 相似文献
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Li-Ping Tseng Chwei-Jang Chiou Chien-Chung Chen Ming-Chung Deng Tze-Wen Chung Yi-You Huang Der-Zen Liu 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(3-4):285-289
In order to potentiate the low immunogenicity of the inactivated Newcastle disease virus immunized into chickens by mucosal route, liposomes as a drug delivery system and LPS (lipopolysaccharide) as an immuno-stimulator were evaluated. Here, we report a new nasal delivery system of inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. The intranasal vaccine was based on different lipids to form MLV (multi-lamellar vehicles) liposomes. The liposomes had combined carrier and adjuvant activities, which induced strong systemic (serum) and local (lung and nasal) humoral responses in SPF (specific-pathogen-free) chickens, and provided protective immunity. PC-Lip (phosphatidylcholine-liposome) elicited significant mucosal secretary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) levels (p < 0.05) in tracheal lavage fluid and serum IgG levels (p < 0.05). In response to virulent viral challenge, birds treated with PBS (phosphate buffered saline) as control group died, whereas 80% of chickens which received PC-Lip, PC-Lip-LPS, PS-Lip (phosphatidylserine-liposome), and PS-Lip-LPS survived. HAI titers were 1:2560 in the PS-Lip-LPS group and 1:1280 in the PC-Lip, PC-Lip-LPS, and PS-Lip groups after two vaccinations. The results suggest that PC-Lip or PS-Lip might thus be suitable as a potential adjuvant for mucosal vaccination against NDV in chickens. 相似文献
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[目的]优化沙棘SOD脂质体的制备条件。[方法]以野生沙棘为原料,在单因素条件影响下,通过控制变量,逐一改变类脂、SOD、缓冲液等作用因素,研究了其对沙棘SOD脂质体制备的影响。[结果]在脂胆质量比为2∶1,类脂浓度15 mg/ml,SOD浓度为0.4mg/ml,缓冲液pH为7.5和浓度为0.15 mol/L的条件下,制备的沙棘SOD脂质体的活性包封率最高,包封率达40%。[结论]不同的脂胆比、SOD浓度、缓冲液pH、存放时间对沙棘SOD脂质体的制备效果显著不同,而存放温度对SOD脂质体活性包封率影响作用不大。 相似文献
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U'Ren LW Biller BJ Elmslie RE Thamm DH Dow SW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(1):113-120
BACKGROUND: Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a highly metastatic and often rapidly fatal tumor of dogs. At present, adjuvant chemotherapy is the only proven effective treatment for dogs with HSA, though the benefits from chemotherapy are modest. Administration of immunotherapy together with chemotherapy has also been reported to improve survival in dogs with HSA. Therefore, we evaluated safety and immunologic responses to a novel tumor vaccine administered together with doxorubicin chemotherapy in dogs with different stages of HSA. HYPOTHESIS: That tumor vaccination could be safely and effectively combined with doxorubicin chemotherapy for treatment of dogs with HSA. ANIMALS: Twenty-eight dogs with various stages of HSA were enrolled in the study. METHODS: The HSA vaccine was prepared with lysates of allogeneic canine HSA cell lines mixed with an adjuvant composed of liposome-DNA complexes. Dogs received a series of 8 immunizations administered over a 22-week period, and most also received chemotherapy. Clinical adverse effects were noted, immune responses were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry, and survival times were calculated. RESULTS: The most common adverse effects observed in vaccinated dogs also treated with doxorubicin chemotherapy were diarrhea and anorexia. Vaccinated dogs were found to mount strong humoral immune responses against a control antigen and, most dogs also mounted antibody responses against canine HSA cells. Thirteen dogs with stage II splenic HSA that received the tumor vaccine plus doxorubicin chemotherapy had an overall median survival time of 182 days. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that an allogeneic tumor lysate vaccine is safe in dogs with HSA and can elicit humoral immune responses in dogs that are receiving concurrent doxorubicin chemotherapy. 相似文献
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维生素E、维生素C和BHT对大豆磷脂脂质体的抗氧化作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用共轭二烯法和硫代巴比妥酸法,研究了维生素E对大豆磷脂脂质体的抗氧化作用,以及维生素C和BHT对维生素E抗氧化作用的影响．结果表明,维生素E可抑制大豆磷脂脂质体的氧化,其抑制作用随着加入量的增加而增强。维生素C和BHT对维生素E的抗氧化作用具有明显的协同作用,BHT的协同作用强于维生素C。因此以大豆磷脂为原料制备脂质体的最佳抗氧化剂是维生素E和BHT,最佳用量是x（维生素E）=5％,x（BHT）=4％。 相似文献
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Óscar Monroig Francisco Amat Francisco Hontoria 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(2):659-669
In order to determine an optimal enrichment protocol with krill phospholipid liposomes, three different experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of nauplial density, the concentration of liposome, and the number of doses delivered to the nauplii on the survival and the essential fatty acid (EFA) bioencapsulation in Artemia nauplii. No survival differences were found between the different liposome treatments and the control nauplii enriched with a commercial emulsion. This result confirms that previously described mortalities during Artemia enrichment with liposomes can be minimized and controlled. On the other hand, the EFA incorporation obtained from the three experiments indicates that maximal bioencapsulation is achieved when incubations are carried out under nauplial densities of 300 nauplii ml− 1, where liposomes are dispensed in a single dose at the beginning of the incubation yielding a concentration of 0.5 g l− 1. These findings complete those obtained in two preliminary studies, and propose a well defined enrichment protocol with krill liposomes as an alternative complementary method to improve the nutritional value of the Artemia nauplii used as food for marine fish larvae. 相似文献