有机肥的培肥效应及在烤烟上的作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张联合  郁飞燕  苗艳芳 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(16):4869-4871

概述了有机肥的培肥效应以及有机肥对烤烟生长、代谢、化学成分和品质的影响,提出增施饼肥有利于营养的均衡供应,对烤烟品质形成有重要作用。  相似文献   

茶树的碳氮代谢与施肥   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨贤强  沈毓渭 《中国农业科学》1992,25(1):37-43

 本文总结了作者近十年来对茶树碳氮代谢及茶园施肥的研究，表明茶树碳氮量的年变化为秋后逐步在根部积累至翌年春季茶芽萌动前达到高峰；春季开始后由于大量再利用而下降至春茶将结束时达最低水平。深秋施肥可显著地促进冬季和早春的光合作用，加速冬季光合产物向根部转运，保持越冬叶较高的光合产物水平，供翌年春芽萌发所需。深秋施肥，不但提高了产量，也改善了春茶的品质。不同氮素化肥对茶叶产量的效益依次为碳铵＞硫铵≈尿素＞氨水＞氯铵。化肥配施有机肥可提高茶叶产量和品质，研究还对茶园的合理用肥量进行了分析。  相似文献   

蛋氨酸的瘤胃代谢与调控   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李吕木  乐国伟  施用晖 《安徽农业科学》2005,33(11):2122-2124

从蛋氨酸的营养生理功能入手,综述了蛋氨酸的瘤胃代谢与瘤胃保护的研究进展,提出了生物调控瘤胃蛋氨酸代谢的可行性。  相似文献   

镧对镉胁迫下大豆幼苗 光合作用和活性氧代谢的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张治安  陈展宇  徐克章 《中国油料作物学报》2006,28(2):166-171

在盆栽条件下,研究了不同浓度的La对30μmol/L和50μmol/L Cd胁迫下的大豆幼苗生理效应。结果 表明,适量的La能在一定程度上缓解Cd胁迫所导致的叶绿素含量、叶绿体可溶性蛋白质含量、光合速率、叶绿体 Mg2 + - ATPase活性的降低;能有效增强或保护叶片抗氧化能力,降低超氧阴离子自由基(O2 · )产生速率、组织自动 氧化速率和H2O2 含量,防止膜透性的增加;适量的La能保持大豆叶片中超氧化物歧化酶( SOD)和抗坏血酸过氧 化物酶(AsA - POD)活性的相对稳定,维持活性氧的代谢平衡。La对30μmol /L Cd胁迫的缓解能力较强,而对 50μmol/L Cd胁迫的缓解能力较弱。La的最佳作用浓度为0. 30μmol/L,高于0. 50μmol/L的La则加剧Cd的毒害。  相似文献   

防落素对大棚无籽西瓜叶片氮代谢及果实品质与产量的影响     

张小红  鄢铮 《农学学报》2021,11(11):71-75

通过对叶片氮代谢及氮含量与代谢相关酶活性之间相关性的分析,以及果实品质与产量的测定,探讨防落素(PCPA)在大棚栽培无籽西瓜生产上的适用浓度,为其在无籽西瓜上的应用提供一定理论依据。在始花期、盛花期和幼果期喷施PCPA溶液（质量浓度分别为0、10、20、40 mg/L）,分别测定不同处理的无籽西瓜叶片可溶性蛋白、总氮含量和代谢相关酶(GS、NR、GDH)活性、果实品质和产量等指标。结果表明：（1）随着PCPA溶液浓度的提高,叶片总氮、可溶性蛋白含量以及GS、NR和GDH活性的变化趋势均为先升后降。PCPA浓度为20 mg/L时促进效果最明显,叶片可溶性蛋白、总氮含量以及GS、NR和GDH活性等指标值均为最高,且均极显著高于CK;PCPA浓度为40 mg/L时,叶片可溶性蛋白、总氮含量以及GS、NR和GDH活性均急速降低,各项指标值均极显著低于10、20 mg/L处理。各项指标的相关性分析表明,无籽西瓜叶片总氮含量与GS、NR和GDH活性之间均呈显著或极显著正相关关系。（2）在所有处理中,20 mg/L处理的果实产量和可溶性固形物含量最高,均极显著高于CK。PCPA在大棚栽培无籽西瓜生产上的适用浓度为20 mg/L。  相似文献   

Emerging evidence of the physiological role of hypoxia in mammary development and lactation     

Yong Shao  Feng-Qi Zhao 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2014,(3):262-272

  相似文献   

Advances in pathophysiology of gut microbiota     

HUANG Xiu-yan  ZENG Yao-ying 《园艺学报》2014,30(6):1127-1135

Before the technique of advanced high-throughput sequencing comes up, less is known about the human gut microbiota. It has been understood that trillions of microbes, in which 99% are bacteria, inhabit the human gut, forming a complicated ecological community. The gut microbiota has a great impact on human physiology and susceptibility to disease through its integrative metabolic activities and interactions with the host. In physiology, gut microbiota contributes to the host acquisition of nutrition and energy from diets, promoting development and maturation of gastrointestinal tract and immune system, and protecting host from invasion of enteropathogens. In pathology, dysbiosis underlying altered gut microbiota is associated with the susceptibilities to various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, asthma, obesity, metabolic syndrome, autism and cancer. Understanding of the factors that underlie alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota will be helpful in the development of drugs and the design of therapies that target it. This goal is formidable. It is because that the compositions of gut microbiota are immensely diverse, varying between individuals in a population and fluctuating over time in an individual, especially during early development and diseases. Viewing the gut microbiota with an ecological perspective will provide new insights into how to improve our health by targeting this microbial community in clinical treatments.  相似文献   

Biochemical and physiological bases for utilization of dietary amino acids by young Pigs     

Reza Rezaei  Weiwei Wang  Zhenlong Wu  Zhaolai Dai  Junjun Wang  Guoyao WU 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,4(2):90-101

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Deletions in the pyruvate pathway of Salmonella Typhimurium alter SPIl-mediated gene expression and infectivity     

Jason Abernathy  Carolina Corkill  Carolee Hinojosa  Xianyao Li  Huaijun Zhou 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,(4):241-252

Background： Salmonella enter/ca serovar Typhimurium is a major foodborne pathogen worldwide. S. Typhimurium encodes type III secretion systems via Salmonella pathogenicity islands （SPI）, producing the major effector proteins of virulence. Previously, we identified two genes of Salmonella pyruvate metabolism that were up-regulated during chicken cell infection： pyruvate formate lyase I （pf/B） and b/functional acetaldehyde-CoA/alcohol dehydrogenase （adhE）. We were therefore interested in examining the role these genes may play in the transmission of Salmonella to humans. Methods： Mutant strains of Salmonella with single gene deletions for pflB and adhE were created. Invasion and growth in human HCT-8 intestinal epithelial cells and THP-1 macrophages was examined. Quantitative PCR was performed on 19 SPI-1 genes. Results： In HCT-8 cells, both mutant strains had significantly higher intracellular counts than the wild-type from 4 to 48 h post-infection. Various SPI-1 genes in the mutants were up-regulated over the wild-type as early as 1 h and lasting until 24 h post-infection. In THP-1 cells, no significant difference in internal Salmonella counts was observed; however, SPI-1 genes were largely down-regulated in the mutants during the time-course of infection. We also found five SPI-1 genes - hilA, hiIC hill）, sicP and rtsA - which were up-regulated in at least one of the mutant strains in log-phase broth cultures alone. We have therefore identified a set of SPI-1 virulence genes whose regulation is effected by the central metabolism of Salmonella.  相似文献   

Effect of Dietary Fibre on Digestibility and Energy Metabolism in Pregnant Sows     

Charlotte Sølund Olesen  Henry Jørgensen  Viggo Danielsen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(3):200-207

This study was undertaken to provide information on the effect of two levels of dietary fibre (DF) [184 vs. 407 g DF kg^-1 dry matter (DM)] on the digestibility of nutrients and energy metabolism in pregnant sows during different stages of pregnancy. The amount of DF in the high-fibre diet was supplied by dried sugar beet pulp (20%) and oats, wheat bran and grass pellets. The intake of metabolizable energy (ME) was similar for both the low-fibre and the highfibre diet, with an average daily intake of 30.74 MJ. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, protein, fat and energy was significantly decreased by a high DF level, but no effect of the diets was observed on the stage of pregnancy. A high fibre level significantly increased the digestibility of DF, indicating that fibre from sugar beet pulp is more fermentable than fibre from cereals. Protein utilization increased during the pregnancy, but at a very low level, indicating that the protein level in diets for pregnant sows could be lower. Inclusion of extra DF in the diet significantly increased the amount of energy excreted as CH₄. Heat production was affected by diet, although not significantly (28.77 vs. 29.72 MJ day^-1 in the low-fibre and highfibre diets, respectively). The utilization of ME for energy retention was lower for the high-fibre diet as a result of increased hind-gut fermentation. There was similar relation between the net energy of the standard and the high-fibre diet either calculated using the official Danish feed evaluation (0.77) or experimental estimated value (0.81).  相似文献