Influence of potassium and magnesium fertilizer application on the yield and nutrient accumulation of maize genotypes under field conditions     

Ibrahim Ortas 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(3):330-339

The use of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes that are able to utilize nutrients efficiently is an important strategy in the management of plant nutritional status; it is of particular importance with regard to potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg), due to their high requirement and influence on plant growth. The influence of K and Mg fertilizers on certain growth parameters of maize genotypes TM.815 and KL.72.AA, including length, seed in ear, seed weight growth, and nutrient concentration, was determined under field conditions over two successive years. The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of different rates of K and Mg fertilizers on maize genotype plant growth parameters, grain yield, and nutrient accumulation under field conditions.

A split plot design with three replicates was used and each block contained three treatments of 0, 100, and 200 kg ha^?1 of K₂O and 0, 10, and 20 kg ha^?1 of Mg; K₂SO₄ was used to supply K, and MgSO₄ was used for Mg.

Plants that responded to the K fertilizer had an increase in height, yield, and the concentration of K in the leaves and seeds. The addition of K fertilizer increased the concentration of nitrogen (N), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and K in the plant leaves and increased seed K concentration. Mg fertilizer increased the concentration of N, Fe, copper, and Mn in the leaves; however, it exerted no significant influence on K concentration. The KL.72.AA maize genotype had a higher mean plant height, number of seeds in ear, yield, and N, K, Fe, and Zn concentrations compared to the TM.815 maize genotype. In the experiment, the K fertilizer exerted a statistically significant effect on the leaf and seed K concentration; however, on a statistical basis, the Mg fertilizer did not affect the Mg concentration.  相似文献   

叶面喷施Ca和Mg肥影响三月红荔枝果皮着色的初步机理          下载免费PDF全文

高丹  李世军  王展  周开兵 《中国土壤与肥料》2017,(3):80-88

以三月红荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.cv Sanyuehong)成年树为试材,以叶面喷施Ca、Mg肥以及它们的混合液为处理,以清水为对照(CK),探讨叶面喷施Ca和Mg肥对三月红荔枝果皮着色影响的初步机理。结果表明,叶面喷施不同的肥料可以明显提高果皮同种矿质元素的含量;不同处理和CK的果皮水溶性K含量与全Ca含量、水溶性K含量与全Mg含量、水溶性Mg含量与全Ca含量以及全Ca含量与全Mg含量的偏相关系数均达到显著水平,水溶性和全量K、Ca和Mg含量之一分别与其余5种含量间的复相关系数达到极显著水平;Ca+Mg处理解决了三月红荔枝果皮"滞绿"问题,Mg处理解决了三月红荔枝果肉"退糖"问题;Mg处理和CK的果皮水溶性Mg含量较高,是促进其果皮红色着色的主导因素,Ca处理的果皮全Ca含量较高,是促进其果皮红色着色的主导因素,Ca+Mg处理的果皮水溶性Mg含量以及全Ca含量较高,是促进其果皮红色着色的主导因素;不同处理和CK的果皮全Mg、水溶性Ca、全Ca含量均与其花色素苷含量呈正相关指数函数回归关系,不同处理和CK的果皮水溶性Ca含量均与叶绿素含量呈负相关指数函数关系。可见,在三月红荔枝果皮着色发育过程中,Ca和Mg元素具有增益作用,不同的施肥处理通过提高Ca、Mg元素的含量而促进果皮着色。  相似文献   

叶面镁营养促进妃子笑荔枝果皮着色的生理成因   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周开兵  周晓超  苏阳  高丹 《热带作物学报》2016,37(9):1752-1758

以妃子笑荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.cv.Feizixiao)成年树为试材,探讨叶面Mg营养调节妃子笑荔枝果皮着色的效果及其初步原因。以叶面喷Mg为处理,以喷清水为对照(CK),分别在坐果后1 d(2013年5月5日)和8 d进行叶面喷肥处理,观测果皮着色、内源激素含量和相关关键酶活性的动态变化。在坐果后15 d,Mg处理的果皮h值最低和果肉可溶性糖含量最高,克服了果皮"滞绿"现象。在果实生长发育过程中,Mg处理与CK的果皮生长素(IAA)和乙烯(Eth)含量、叶绿素单加氧酶(Pa O)和叶绿素酶(Chlase)活性在同期间均无显著差异。在坐果后11 d后,Mg处理在果皮赤霉素(GA3)和脱落酸(ABA)含量及类黄酮糖基转移酶(UFGT)活性上均显著高于同期CK,并且Mg处理使果皮ABA/GA3(含量比)高于CK。Mg处理在坐果后15 d和18 d使其果皮花色素苷含量显著高于CK,而使其叶绿素含量与CK无显著差异。可见,Mg处理克服果皮"滞绿"现象归功于果皮花色素苷含量的升高,其可能通过提高ABA/GA3值,进而刺激UFGT活性升高,从而促进果皮花色素苷合成。  相似文献   

钙镁比调控对烟叶产量、化学品质及镁吸收的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

鲁耀  郑波  段宗颜  胡万里  殷寿安  邱学礼 《西北农业学报》2010,19(11):69-74

通过田间小区试验,研究了施用镁肥进行土壤交换性钙镁比下调及叶面喷施镁肥对烤烟生长发育、产量、内在化学品质及镁吸收的影响。结果表明,与对照不施镁肥相比,土壤交换性钙镁比下调及叶面喷施镁肥有利于烤烟的生长、发育和农艺性状改善,有利于烟叶产量、产值的提高,能提升中部烟叶化学品质,土壤交换性钙镁比调控到10时最佳,其次是调控到8时,叶面喷施效果也较好;同时,与对照相比,土壤交换性钙镁比下调及叶面喷施镁肥显著提高了烟叶镁的含量及其对镁的累积量,尤其是上、中部烟叶,而且随着镁肥施用量增加和钙镁比下调,烟叶对镁的累积量显著增加。  相似文献   

基于土壤钙镁比的毕节植烟区镁肥施用分区研究     

张忠启  祝亮  王美艳  史学正  孙维侠 《土壤学报》2023,60(6):1737-1748

当前植烟区土壤镁肥施用主要依据土壤有效镁含量水平及其空间分布特征确定,但很少考虑到土壤钙镁比(有效钙含量/有效镁含量)对土壤镁素供应的现实影响,这必然对镁肥施用效果产生不利影响。本研究以毕节植烟区为例,基于大样本土壤采样数据,综合考虑土壤有效镁含量水平、土壤钙镁比及两者的空间分布特征,通过图形叠加和栅格运算,科学划定植烟区土壤镁肥宜施等级及分区。研究表明,毕节植烟区土壤有效镁平均含量为278.1 mg·kg^-1,土壤钙镁比均值为14.5,空间上均呈现较强的波动性。从空间插值图看,土壤有效镁含量以适宜等级为主,占到毕节植烟区面积的69%,土壤钙镁比分布以10～20和5～10两等级为主,且各等级交错分布。基于土壤有效镁含量和钙镁比获得的土壤镁肥宜施等级图中,适宜和较适宜施用镁肥面积分别为69.0%和10.5%,不适宜施用面积为19.0%,而极适宜和极不适宜面积比例仅分别为1.3%和0.2%。若仅考虑土壤有效镁含量得到的宜施等级分布与考虑钙镁比的宜施等级分布存在很大差异,这说明在制定镁肥施用方案时,若不考虑钙镁比对土壤镁素供应的影响,得到的镁肥宜施等级分区会产生较大的偏...  相似文献   

黄河口滨岸潮滩不同表现型翅碱蓬K、Ca、Mg含量与累积的季节变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牟晓杰  孙志高  王玲玲  孙万龙 《草业学报》2010,19(3):177-190

2008年5-11月,对黄河口滨岸潮滩2种表现型翅碱蓬的K、Ca、Mg含量与累积的季节变化进行了研究。结果表明,中潮滩翅碱蓬(JP1)和低潮滩翅碱蓬(JP2)不同器官生物量均具有明显季节动态,总体表现为JP1＞JP2,且均符合抛物线模型。二者枯落物量均呈递增变化,符合指数增长模型;JP1、JP2不同部分K、Ca、Mg含量的变化模式差异较大,其中K含量大多符合抛物线/线性模型,而Ca、Mg含量大多呈Gauss曲线变化;JP1、JP2不同时期各部分的K、Ca、Mg含量差异明显,其中JP1根、叶和枯落物的K、Ca、Mg含量大多高于JP2,而JP2茎的Ca、Mg含量则高于JP1;JP1、JP2不同部分K、Ca、Mg的相关性、储量及累积速率差异明显,茎、叶分别为JP1、JP2K的主要储库(43.02％±20.80％和48.03％±4.31％),而叶均是Ca、Mg的主要储库(40.38％±18.34％,50.58％±20.73％和62.96％±10.56％,58.02％±10.62％);JP1、JP2不同器官生物量及其K、Ca、Mg含量、储量、累积速率的变化及差异主要与其生态学特性、不同器官营养功能及所处生境的水盐状况有关。  相似文献   

生物质燃气中焦油的催化转化脱除研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张长森  张瑞芹 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(2):874-876

以浸渍在天然镁橄榄石上的金属镍和铈组成的催化剂对焦油模型化合物甲苯进行了催化重整试验，调整镍和铈的负载量及水碳比，优选出了活性高、反应稳定的催化剂（含3％NiO和1％CeO2），用该催化剂对生物质氧化燃气中的焦油进行催化转化，焦油的转化率达90％。  相似文献   

中量元素镁对烤烟干物质和养分吸收积累的影响     

季学军  王世济  沈思灯  马称心  赵第锟 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(12):5031-5032

[目的]探讨镁对烤烟的干物质积累和养分吸收的影响,为烤烟合理施用镁提供理论依据。[方法]在宣城、休宁两地,以60kg/hm2镁肥为处理,不施镁肥为对照,采集不同时期烟株的根、茎、叶样品,烘干过筛,灰化后用稀盐酸溶解,原子吸收分光光度法分析样品的镁及其他微量元素含量。[结果]宣城、休宁两点各时期施镁处理的烤烟,干物质积累数量分别比对照高12%和10%,镁的积累量分别比对照高66%和89%,且叶片内镁含量也高于对照,微量元素的积累量均大于对照。[结论]增施镁肥能促进烤烟干物质的积累,提高烟株镁的吸收和微量营养元素的积累,因而有利于提高烤烟的产量。  相似文献   

不同浓度镁营养液对烟草矿质营养吸收与积累的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘世亮  刘芳  介晓磊  雷广海  化党领 《土壤通报》2010,(1)

采用温室水培的方法,研究了不同的镁素供应水平对烟草主要几种矿质养分的吸收与积累的影响。结果表明,在其它养分形态与浓度一致条件下,随着镁浓度从20mgL-1提高到120mgL-1,烟草生长量呈抛物线型变化,在供镁浓度为40mgL-1时烟株生长及干物质积累量最大。随着营养液中镁浓度由低到高,营养液中镁水平的改变对烟草全株氮含量的影响不明显;烟草全株体内磷、镁含量逐步增加,表现为协同效应;烟草全株中钾含量和锌含量随营养液中镁水平增加而降低,表现为拮抗效应;烟草全株体内钙含量和铜含量的变化趋势分为两个阶段,镁处于低水平时,镁与钙、铜之间表现为拮抗关系,镁处于高水平时,镁与钙、铜之间表现为协同关系。营养液中镁浓度低于40mgL-1时,烟草全株体内氮、磷、钾、钙、锰、镁、锌、铜积累量随着营养液中镁水平的提高逐渐增加,与营养液中镁水平呈正相关关系,营养液中镁浓度高于40mgL-1,烟草全株体内氮、磷、钾、钙、锰、镁、锌、铜积累量迅速下降,表面为负相关关系。烟叶中各元素含量与积累量的变化趋势与整株基本一致。  相似文献   

Plant availability of magnesium and phosphorus from struvite with concurrent nitrification inhibitor application     

Conor Watson  Joachim Clemens  Florian Wichern 《Soil Use and Management》2019,35(4):675-682

Struvite (MgNH₄PO₄.6H₂O) and nitrification inhibitors are applied to soils to, respectively, provide nutrients and reduce nitrogen (N) loss. Given its low N composition (5.7%) relative to that of phosphorus (P, 12.6%) and magnesium (Mg, 9.9%), struvite could be added to soil concurrently with N fertilizers as a source of P and Mg. Nutrient release from struvite could be impacted if nitrification of its ammonium component is reduced by a nitrification inhibitor. Accordingly, a pot trial gauged whether struvite‐fertilized ryegrass had comparable Mg or P uptake and shoot yields with treatments receiving conventional Mg and P fertilizers. Struvite precipitated from milk industry wastewater, or conventional fertilizers, were added to a soil–sand mixture of low fertility. The inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) was added to assess its effect on P uptake by ryegrass. Relative to Epsom salt, struvite led to increased Mg uptake without significantly affecting shoot biomass, indicating luxury consumption. Regarding shoot yield and P uptake, struvite was as effective as triple super phosphate. DCD significantly reduced P uptake in the first harvest; the inhibited nitrification of the ammonium is surmised to have diminished struvite dissolution. In later harvests, DCD led to a trend (albeit not statistically significant) of increased biomass; this N‐rich (66% N) compound was probably biodegraded and utilized as an N source. The impact of DCD on P uptake in this experiment was short‐lived. Nevertheless, DCD degradation occurs less rapidly in field conditions, potentially affecting early P supply which is vital for optimum yield.  相似文献