Evidence of durable resistance in nine Chinese land races and one Italian cultivar ofTriticum aestivum toPuccinia striiformis     

Zhong-Jun Zhang 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1995,101(4):405-409

In this study carried out from 1987 to 1994, in a very conducive environment to stripe rust, nine Chinese land races and one Italian cultivar of wheat showed fair levels of quantitative resistance to rust disease. The nine old Chinese cultivars had a commercial planting history in this conducive environment ranging from 20 to 100 years, in a cultivation area of 20 to 467 thousand hectares p.a. with no apparent erosion of resistance. The Italian cultivar has been used commercially for 15 years in China without showing a decrease in the level of quantitative resistance. All these data warrant the conclusion that the ten cultivars have a form of durable resistance to stripe rust.  相似文献   

我国稻区稗草对丁草胺抗药性现状   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

黄炳球  林韶湘  肖整玉 《植物保护学报》1995,22(3):281-286

１９９１－１９９３年，对我国三大栽培类型稻区内９个监测网点的稗草抗药水平发展动态进行了系统的追踪监测。结果显示：我国稗草对丁草胺已产生了明显的抗药性。以ＬＣ５０和ＬＣ９０作为标准，最高抗性系数分别由１９９１年的２．９０和２．７９，上升至１９９３年的５．４２和１１．０４。在丁草胺连续使用８年以上地区，抗性水平呈急剧上升之势。稗草对丁草胺的抗性水平与连续使用时间呈正相关，而与ａ－淀粉酶活性抑制率呈反相  相似文献   

油菜品种抗蚜性多目标模糊综合决策   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

侯有明  刘绍友  赵清华 《植物保护学报》1995,22(4):337-342

作者采用模糊统计回归法，建立了油菜品种的自然感蚜量、蚜虫在品种上的“累积存活率”，平均发育历期、平均产仔量、内禀增长率及品种耐害性、干扰效应等抗性指的模糊隶属函数，建立了品种抗蚜性的模糊综合决策模型。结果表明，１２个品种抗性强弱为：红叶芥＞咸阳７４－１＞甘油５号＞８８６３１＞７２１１＞７５－１＞波力木耳＞８８６３８＞德国１５选株＞华油９号＞秦油３号＞秦油２号。同时作者提出的一套衡量品种抗性的指禁  相似文献   

1993年全国小麦秆锈菌种群动态分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

姚平  曹远银  刘维志  吴友三 《植物保护学报》1995,22(4):303-308

１９９３年我国小麦秆锈病发生较轻，从８个省１８个区县中的４７个品种上采集到的９５个标样中分离到菌株３３６个，鉴定出２１Ｃ３ＣＫＲ、２１Ｃ３ＣＫＨ、２１Ｃ３ＣＴＲ、２１Ｃ３ＣＴＨ、２１Ｃ３ＣＦＲ、２１Ｃ３ＣＦＨ、３４Ｃ１ＭＫＲ、３４Ｃ１ＭＫＨ和３４Ｃ２ＭＫＲ等９个致病类型；２１Ｃ３ＣＫＲ的出现频率为６５．２％，居于首位，２１Ｃ３ＣＤＨ为１４．５％，２１Ｃ３ＣＴＲ为１０．７％，２１Ｃ３ＣＦＲ为４．２％  相似文献   

A review of biochemical mechanisms of warfarin resistance in the house mouse     

Alan D. Macnicoll 《Pest management science》1995,43(1):57-59

The biochemical mechanisms of warfarin resistance in the house mouse (Mus musculus L.) have not been fully investigated. In some populations of warfarin-resistant mice there is a reduction in sensitivity of hepatic vitamin K-epoxide reductase to inhibition by warfarin. This is similar to a proposed mechanism of anticoagulant resistance in the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus Berk.). The same enzyme in other warfarin-resistant populations is, however, sensitive to warfarin inhibition. Other studies have indicated that detoxification may play a role in conferring warfarin resistance in house mice.  相似文献   

Nerve insensitivity resistance to cypermethrin in larvae of the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens from USA cotton field populations     

Alan R. McCaffery  Jonathan W. Holloway  Richard T. Gladwell 《Pest management science》1995,44(3):237-247

Spontaneous neuronal activity was recorded from the peripheral nerves of third-instar larvae of strains of Heliothis virescens (F.) obtained directly from cotton fields in the USA. Following a control period the preparations were exposed to increasing concentrations of cis-cypermethrin in a cumulative dose-response assay. A positive response was defined as an increase of at least five-fold in the rate of neuronal activity over that seen during the control period. Up to 35 individuals of each strain were assayed and the responses used to construct a phenotypic profile categorising the individuals from nerve-susceptible to highly nerve-insensitive. An EC₅₀ for the action of cis-cypermethrin was also obtained. There was a positive, significant correlation between non-synergisable resistance to cypermethrin and nerve insensitivity as defined in the neurophysiological assay. It was shown that nerve insensitivity to cypermethrin increased throughout the cotton-growing season.  相似文献   

Mechanisms conferring resistance of Western flower thrips to bendiocarb     

Guangyu Zhao  Wei Liu  Charles O. Knowles 《Pest management science》1995,44(3):293-297

Mechanisms associated with bendiocarb resistance were examined in two strains of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), that differed in their susceptibility to this carbamate by 13.6-fold. No appreciable differences between the two strains in [¹⁴C] bendiocarb penetration and excretion were detected; however, bendiocarb was metabolised substantially faster by the resistant KCM thrips than by the more susceptible UMC thrips. No appreciable difference between the two strains was found in the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase activity to inhibition by bendiocarb. It was concluded that bendiocarb resistance in KCM western flower thrips was due to enhanced metabolism that probably was mainly oxidative in nature.  相似文献   

棉花对硃砂叶螨抗性的鉴定和机制研究   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

张金发  孙济中  吴征彬  刘金兰 《植物保护学报》1993,20(2):155-161

1988-1991年进行的棉花抗硃砂叶螨试验表明,海岛棉和二倍体栽培棉(中棉和草棉)对硃砂叶螨具有较高水平的抗性,它们的抗螨性已通过远缘杂交技术转移到了感螨的陆地棉栽培品种中。来自四川省和河南省的一些品种以及来自美国的PD种质系对硃砂叶螨的抗性比湖北省当地品种要差。叶片有毛,无腺体和高含淀粉的棉花,硃砂叶螨为害较重;而叶片具有致密茸毛、棉酚、可溶性糖、叶绿素和类黄酮含量高以及叶片鲜重高的品种抗螨性较强。  相似文献   

A new aggressive strain of Verticillium albo-atrum in Verticillium resistant cultivars of tomato in the Netherlands     

S. J. Paternotte  H. A. Van Kesteren 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1993,99(3):169-172

In 1991 serious losses caused byVerticillium wilt were found on two holdings in the Westland glasshouse district in the Netherlands in which theVerticillium resistant tomato cultivars Calypso and Criterium were grown in soilless systems. Isolates from diseased plants were identified asVerticillium albo-atrum.In inoculation experimentsVerticillium resistant tomato cultivars were seriously affected by the new isolates but not by a control isolate. Moneydor, a susceptible cultivar without the Ve gene, was the most seriously diseased by all isolates. The isolates from theVerticillium resistant tomato cultivars were less virulent on the susceptible cultivar than the control isolate.  相似文献   

稻瘟病抗源TETEP的抗性遗传及其应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

陈葆棠  彭仲明  徐运启 《植物保护学报》1993,20(3):233-236

稻瘟病抗源 Tetep 和品种华矮837的杂种后代接种菌株82-0461(ZB_(15)),通过杂交法和累积分布曲线法分析抗病基因组成,结果表明:Tetep 对菌株82-0461(ZB_(15))的抗性由两个主效基因和微效基因共同控制,并且两个主效基因之间存在加性作用。  相似文献