龟鳖废水处理系统中细菌群落组成及动态变化     

高娜  杨坤  方婷  梁阳阳  崔凯  卢文轩 《淡水渔业》2022,52(1):96-102

为了优化废水处理系统的菌群结构,提高水质净化效率,实验采用高通量测序技术对龟鳖废水处理系统的细菌群落组成进行分析,同时对细菌群落和废水水质进行相关性分析.结果显示:不同处理单元中的菌群结构存在显著差异,在门分类水平上,各处理单元的主要细菌类群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacte-roidot...  相似文献   

Probiotic microorganisms and antiviral plants reduce mortality and prevalence of WSSV in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultured under laboratory conditions     

Viridiana Peraza-Gómez  Antonio Luna-González  Ángel I Campa-Córdova  Melina López-Meyer  Jesús A Fierro-Coronado  & Píndaro Álvarez-Ruiz 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(13):1481-1489

The protective effect of a probiotic mixture (PM) and antiviral plants, against the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in Litopenaeus vannamei , was evaluated in three experiments. The PM was composed of four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and one yeast strain. The plant mixture was composed of Ocimum sanctum and commercial antiviral plants (VPH^®, HSV^®). Shrimp in each experiment (weighing 2.7±0.7, 11.5±1.3, 11.70±2.5 g) were cultured in 120-L plastic tanks and fed twice a day with commercial feed plus additives (plants or bacteria and yeast). Animals were monitored for the occurrence of WSSV by single-step and nested PCR. The PM and powdered antiviral plants added to the commercial feed showed an increase in survival and a decrease in the prevalence of WSSV in shrimp. The results showed that both the PM and the powdered antiviral plants can provide protection for shrimp against WSSV.  相似文献   

Differences in uptake and killing of pathogenic and non‐pathogenic bacteria by haemocyte subpopulations of penaeid shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei, (Boone)          下载免费PDF全文

V V Tuan  J J Dantas‐Lima  K V Thuong  W Li  K Grauwet  P Bossier  H J Nauwynck 《Journal of fish diseases》2016,39(2):163-174

Phagocytosis is an important function of both invertebrate and vertebrate blood cells. In this study, the phagocytic activity of haemocyte subpopulations of penaeid shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, (Boone), against pathogenic and non‐pathogenic particles was investigated in vitro. The haemocytes of penaeid shrimp were firstly separated by centrifugation on a continuous density gradient of iodixanol into four fractions with five subpopulations (sub), of which sub 1 (hyalinocytes) and sub 4 (semi‐granulocytes) have the main function in phagocytosis of both pathogenic and non‐pathogenic bacteria as well as fluorescent polystyrene beads. It was found that these haemocyte subpopulations engulfed virulent Vibrio campbellii and Vibrio harveyi at a higher rate than non‐virulent Escherichia coli and polystyrene beads. When these bacteria were mixed with shrimp haemocyte subpopulations and incubated for 180 min, the percentage of viable intracellular V. campbellii (25.5 ± 6.0%) recovered was significantly higher than the percentage recovered from V. harveyi (13.5 ± 1.1%). No viable intracellular E. coli was observed in this study. In contrast to V. harveyi and E. coli, V. campbellii containing endosomes did not acidify in time. Incubation of haemocyte subpopulations with the most virulent V. campbellii strain resulted in a significant drop in haemocyte viability (41.4 ± 6.3% in sub 1 and 30.2 ± 15.1% in sub 4) after 180 min post‐inoculation in comparison with the less virulent V. harveyi (84.1 ± 5.6% in sub 1 and 83.4 ± 4.1% in sub 4) and non‐virulent E. coli (92.7 ± 2.8% in sub 1 and 92.3 ± 5.6% in sub 4) and polystyrene beads (91.9 ± 1.6% in sub 1 and 84.4 ± 3.4% in sub 4). These findings may be a valuable tool for monitoring shrimp health and immunological studies.  相似文献   

美国青蛙膨气病病原菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何兆昌  王高武 《水产养殖》1996,(1):19-21

经对膨气病病原菌的分离鉴定，嗜水气单胞菌与假单胞菌属细菌是致病菌。药敏试验结果：庆大霉素，氯霉素对致病菌有较强的杀灭作用，中草药黄连，黄岑也有一定的抑制作用，该病发生与环境条件密切相关，保持良好的养殖水质环境是预防该病的最好方法。  相似文献   

褐藻酸降解菌引起海带内皮层细胞储藏颗粒变化的初步研究     

杨震  王艳玲  唐学玺  刘成圣 《海洋水产研究》2001,22(3):55-58

实验对正常海带用褐藻酸降解菌进行了人工感染，经培养使其产生烂斑，通过组织显微切片进行比较观察，发现褐藻酸降解菌首先侵入内皮层，然后再逐渐侵入到外皮层、髓部，最终导致海带病烂。切片中发现在侵染海带切片内皮层的细胞中，有大量储藏颗粒，形成椭圆或圆形。其直径范围在1．5－4．0μm之间，平均直径为2．7μm。该颗粒主要存在内皮层，从其产生到消亡的过程分析，与褐藻酸降解菌的侵入有关，并作为营养起到促进菌增殖的作用。  相似文献   

Interactions between candidate probiotics and the immune and antioxidative responses of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae          下载免费PDF全文

F Lamari  A Mahdhi  I Chakroun  M A Esteban  D Mazurais  B Amina  F‐J Gatesoupe 《Journal of fish diseases》2016,39(12):1421-1432

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福建省主要海水养殖鱼类疾病及其防治   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

廖志强纪荣兴  梅园园 《福建水产》2003,(4):30-35

本文通过对福建省沿海海水养殖鱼类发生的疾病种类、主要发病鱼类、疾病主要症状、流行情况及防治方法进行调查，总结出福建省海水养殖鱼类近三年共发生24种疾病，其中病毒性疾病2种，细菌性疾病4种，寄生虫性疾病11种，不明原因疾病7种。这些疾病中危害较大的主要是病毒病、弧菌病和本尼登虫病。  相似文献   

3种微生态制剂对养殖水体水质影响的比较研究     

王笃彩  闫斌伦  李士虎 《水利渔业》2011,32(1)

对3种微生态制剂改善河蟹养殖池水质的效果进行分析比较。实验组各池中分别加入超浓缩光合细菌(PSB)、西菲利活菌生物净水剂、活菌净水剂以及3种微生态制剂组成的混合制剂。观察氨态氮、亚硝态氮、硫化氢、溶解氧、化学耗氧量、pH及异养菌总数等水质指标。结果表明:3种微生态制剂均能改善水质,抑制异养菌的过度增长,但对水质指标的改善各有侧重,混合制剂优于单一制剂。  相似文献   

16S rDNA克隆文库技术在活性污泥系统微生物组成分析中的应用     

韩甜甜  王艾英  隋卫燕  宋世鑫 《河北渔业》2012,(2):7-11

采用构建16S rDNA克隆文库方法对活性污泥系统的细菌种群多样性进行研究。随机测定了71个克隆子序列(1 500bp),BLAST比对结果表明,活性污泥中微生物群落具有高度多样性,可分为6个主要类群,其中,拟杆菌(Bacteroides)类群和γ变形菌(γ-Proteobacteria)类群在文库中所占比例最大,分别为38.03%和32.39%;其次是β-Proteobacteria,占19.72%;Firmicutes,Candidate division TM7和α-Pro-teobacteria类群所占比例相对较小,分别为4.23%,4.23%和1.04%。序列分析结果表明,活性污泥中具有可强化生物脱氮除磷效果的食酸菌(Acidovorax),包括假单胞菌(Pseudomonas),红环菌(Rhodocyclus)等细菌。  相似文献   

杭州湾南岸滩涂贝类养殖环境中微生物数量分布及其类群     

王美珍 《水产学报》2005,29(5):682-687

研究了杭州湾南岸慈溪滩涂贝类养殖区的微生物在水平、垂直及季节变化的分布规律。结果表明:3个采样区的异养细菌的数量变动在1.62×103~6.62×105cfu.g-1之间,平均值为4.28×104cfu.g-1,细菌数量在春季和夏季的数量偏低,10月份异养细菌的数量开始上升,并于11月份达到最高,表层高于底层;其中以革兰氏阳性菌比例最高,为主要的优势种,具有陆源性特点。各站位反硝化细菌、氨化细菌和硫酸还原菌的检出率均为100%,都维持在一个较高的水平,整体上数量具有表层高于底层的特点,3种微生物在数量上的季节演替与异养细菌具有类似的结果,均为10-11月达到最大。  相似文献