α糜蛋白酶治疗胸膜腔感染所致胸膜肥厚的研究     

程宇峰  汪建中 《吉林林学院学报》2012,(1):73-77

目的观察仅糜蛋白酶局部用药对胸膜腔感染所致胸膜肥厚的治疗效果．方法选择40例胸膜肥厚患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组（各20例）,两组均行胸腔微管引流术．治疗组给予仅糜蛋白酶4000U加入生理盐水20mL注入胸膜腔,对照组仅予微管引流治疗．测量并记录治疗前及治疗后胸膜厚度、残腔大小及带管时间．结果治疗组应用仅糜蛋白酶胸膜腔内注射后胸膜厚度显著减低,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（t=3.071,P＜0．01）;治疗组治疗后胸膜残腔大小与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（t=-8．82,P＜0．05）;治疗组平均带管时间为（7．25±2．53）d,比对照组（5．90±2．07）d延长,两组对比差异有统计学意义（t=2．339,P＜0．05）．结论经胸腔微管引流注入α糜蛋白酶治疗胸膜腔感染所致胸膜肥厚疗效显著,方法简便,安全高效,费用低廉,值得临床推广．  相似文献   

能量天平动圈位移的激光干涉测量研究     

张丽琼  李岩 《勤云标准版测试》2012,32(4):740-744

为精确测量普朗克常数h,实现能量天平法建立量子质量基准,提出了三轴双频激光外差干涉和折叠式Fabry-Perot(F-P)干涉绝对距离测量相结合的激光干涉测量方法,用于精密测量和定位能量天平装置中沿竖直方向在均匀磁场中运动的互感线圈位移。用三轴双频激光外差干涉精密测量运动线圈的质心位移和姿态,位移测量不确定度为10nm;进而将F-P腔干涉绝对距离测量与外差干涉测量结果进行比对和校准。仿真表明,采用本文方法,当位移测量范围约为30mm时,测量分辨率优于1nm。将该方法运用于真空中线圈位移测量,相对测量不确定度优于1.0×10-9。  相似文献   

Sensitivity and specificity of cytologic evaluation in the diagnosis of neoplasia in body fluids from dogs and cats     

Hirschberger J  DeNicola DB  Hermanns W  Kraft W 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1999,28(4):142-146

Sensitivity and specificity were determined for the cytologic detection of malignant tumors in canine and feline body cavity effusions. In a prospective study, 424 body cavity effusions from dogs and cats were collected and evaluated, including 70 pleural and 163 peritoneal effusions from dogs, and 77 pleural and 114 peritoneal effusions from cats. Final diagnoses were confirmed in 339 of the 424 cases by clinical follow-up, necropsy, and in the case of malignant tumors, Histopathology. Malignant tumors were found in 18% of canine and 25% of feline body cavity effusions. Approximately one-half of tumors in both dogs and cats were carcinomas. Discrete cell tumors accounted for 56% of feline neoplastic effusions. The sensitivity of cytologic evaluation for the detection of malignant tumors in body cavity effusions was 64% for dogs and 61% for cats. Specificity was 99% for canine and 100% for feline effusions. Sensitivity and specificity were comparable to those obtained with cytologic evaluation of human samples.  相似文献   

Improving protective efficacy of BCG vaccination for wildlife against bovine tuberculosis     

Skinner MA  Keen DL  Parlane NA  Hamel KL  Yates GF  Buddle BM 《Research in veterinary science》2005,78(3):1-236

Possums are a wildlife vector of bovine tuberculosis in New Zealand. Vaccination of possums with BCG is being considered as a measure to control the spread of bovine tuberculosis to cattle and deer. Delivery via oral bait is feasible but BCG is degraded in the stomach. The aim was to determine whether ranitidine (Zantac) would reduce gastric acidity and enhance the efficacy of intragastrically administered BCG. A dose of 75 mg reduced gastric acidity for at least 4 h. Thus, possums were vaccinated intragastrically with BCG after receiving 75 mg ranitidine or ranitidine or BCG alone, as controls, before challenge with virulent Mycobacterium bovis. Proliferative responses of blood lymphocytes to M. bovis antigens after vaccination were significantly higher in possums given ranitidine/BCG compared to controls and seven weeks after challenge they had significantly lower lung weights and spleen bacterial counts than ranitidine alone controls. Vaccination with BCG alone only gave a reduction in loss in body weight. Agents that reduce gastric acidity may be useful in formulating BCG for oral bait delivery to wildlife for vaccination against bovine tuberculosis.  相似文献   

Why has oral rehydration for calves and children diverged: direct vs. indirect criteria of efficacy     

Michell AR 《Research in veterinary science》2005,79(3):177-181

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for acute diarrhoea has advanced in contrary directions in humans and animals; the unresolved question is whether this reflects species differences or a divergence in scientific outlook. This review suggests that the explanation lies in the fact that developments in veterinary ORT have the advantage of utilising more reliable criteria than those available from human patients. The dilemma for human ORT is that the validity of systematic reviews and meta-analyses are undermined when the underlying data only reflect crucial variables indirectly and unreliably. It is therefore possible that the approaches currently used to treat calves, which are radically different from those used by paediatricians, could potentially benefit children and the necessary additional research should be initiated. At a time when the value of animal models of human disease is frequently questioned, the benefits of being able to utilise disease models in the target species for clinical research deserve to be emphasised.  相似文献   

Environmental and lifestyle risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma in domestic cats     

Bertone ER  Snyder LA  Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(4):557-562

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common malignancy in cats, but little currently is known about its etiology. We examined the relationship between risk of oral SCC and factors such as environmental tobacco smoke, flea control products, and diet in 36 domestic cats with histologically confirmed oral SCC and 112 renal disease control cats presented to a large veterinary referral hospital between 1994 and 2000. Questionnaires were mailed to owners of all study and control cats to assess demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and level of chemical exposures 2 years before diagnosis. Multivariate relative risks (RR) were used to estimate the relationships between the various factors and the risk of oral SCC. Flea control product use and diet were significantly associated with risk of oral SCC. Cats that wore a flea collar had 5 times the risk of oral SCC as nonusers, after adjustment for other factors (RR = 5.3; P = .002). In contrast, use of flea shampoo substantially reduced risk. Compared to cats eating mostly dry food, those with high canned food intake had a 3-fold increase in risk (RR = 3.6; P = .014); canned tuna fish intake was independently associated with risk (RR = 4.7; P = .004). Exposure to household environmental tobacco smoke was associated with a nonsignificant 2-fold increase in risk (P = .11). Results of this study suggest that flea control products, diet, and perhaps environmental tobacco smoke might be associated with risk of oral SCC and indicate that further investigation into these relationships is warranted.  相似文献   

Complications of Equine Oral Surgery     

Padraic M. Dixon  Claire Hawkes  Neil Townsend 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2008

  相似文献   

POSITIVE-CONTRAST RHINOGRAPHY     

Robert L.  Goring  DVM  James W.  Ticer  DVM  PhD†  Thelma L.  Gross  DVM‡  Norman  Ackerman  DVM† 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1984,25(3):98-105

Contrast rhinography is a simple noninvasive procedure that may be a useful diagnostic method for positive-contrast radiographic evaluation of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and paranasal sinuses in the dog. A standardized and reliable technique was developed using healthy adult Greyhounds. The radiographic appearance of the regional anatomy after intranasal administration of positive-contrast medium was established. Four contrast media: 60% propyl iodine, 37% organically bound iodine, a 60% barium sulfate suspension, and a 30% barium sulfate suspension were evaluated on the basis of their radiographic contrast and detail, distribution, and degree of evoked tissue reaction as defined by clinical assessment. A 30% barium sulfate suspension was selected using these criteria. Contrast medium enhanced the radiographic appearance of the regional anatomy when compared with noncontrast techniques. A procedure for positive-contrast radiographic evaluation of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and paranasal sinuses is described in detail. Recommendations are made regarding methods of contrast medium administration and positioning to ensure uniform distribution within the area of interest.  相似文献   

Demonstration of secondary infection by Pythium violae in epidemics of carrot cavity spot using root transplantation as a method of soil infestation     

F. Suffert†  F. Montfort 《Plant pathology》2007,56(4):588-594

Cavity spot of carrot (CCS), one of the most important soilborne diseases of this crop worldwide, is characterized by small sunken elliptical lesions on the taproot caused by a complex of pathogens belonging to the genus Pythium , notably P. violae . In most soilborne diseases the soil is the source of inoculum for primary infections, with diseased plants then providing inoculum for secondary infections (both auto- and alloinfection). Using fragments of CCS lesions to infest soil, it was demonstrated that CCS lesions on carrot residues can cause primary infection of healthy roots. Using a novel soil infestation method, in which an artificially infected carrot root (the donor plant) was placed close to healthy roots (receptor plants) the formation of typical CCS lesions were induced more efficiently than the use of classical soil inoculum and showed that CCS can spread from root to root by alloinfection from transplanted diseased roots. The method also demonstrated the polycyclic nature of a CCS epidemic caused by P. violae in controlled conditions. Secondary infections caused symptoms and reduced root weight as early as two weeks after transplantation of the diseased carrot. This reproducible method may be used for delayed inoculation and for studying the effect of cropping factors and the efficacy of treatments against primary and secondary cavity spot infections.  相似文献   

Feed intake and oral behaviour of dairy calves housed individually or in groups in warm or cold buildings     

H. Hepola  L. Hnninen  P. Pursiainen  V-M. Tuure  L. Syrjl-Qvist  M. Pyykknen  H. Saloniemi 《Livestock Science》2006,105(1-3):94-104

The influence of environmental temperature, housing, social company and age on the feed intake and oral behaviours was studied by housing male dairy calves for seven weeks individually (INDIV) or 12 weeks in groups of four; indoors (INGROUP) or outdoors either with (OUTWARM) or without a heated shelter (OUTCOLD). During the milk-feeding period (1–7 experimental weeks), the mean daily milk, hay and total dry matter intakes of INDIV calves were lower than of INGROUP calves (P < 0.05). No differences in the feed intake between OUTWARM, OUTCOLD or INGROUP were found. Nor was found any differences in the feed efficiency (growth kg^− 1 DM) between the treatments. After weaning off milk, during experimental weeks 8 to 11, the total dry matter intake of INGROUP tended to be greater than that of OUTWARM (P = 0.05). There were no other differences in the mean daily feed intakes, nor in the feed efficiency. During the milk-feeding period, INGROUP calves ate more often concentrates (P = 0.05) and ruminated more (P = 0.01) than INDIV calves. During the 12-week experiment, INGROUP calves licked themselves more often than OUTCOLD calves (P = 0.04) and tended to lick more often than OUTWARM calves (P = 0.08). INGROUP calves licked more often penmates or structures and bit more often structures than OUTWARM or OUTCOLD calves (P < 0.05 for all). Overall, with a decreasing temperature, the calves in outside groups spent less time performing oral behaviours. We conclude that group rearing may facilitate calves to start eating and ruminating earlier than individual housing. The effect of low temperatures on the time spent eating solid foods is discussed in relation to housing design.  相似文献