落叶松幼苗立枯病的田间药剂防治实验     

李海玲  刘生梅  王云  杨海春 《青海农林科技》2011,(2):52-53

立枯病是落叶松苗期常见的一种病害,其危害严重,我圃在2007-2009年,采用多菌灵、甲醛托布津、敌克松、乙磷铝4种内吸杀菌剂土壤消毒和药剂苗期喷雾相结合的方法,防治效果均在81.6%-90.3%,防治效果显著。  相似文献   

苹果树腐烂病病原菌分泌物中果胶酶的测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王娟  马强  庄霞  杨丽萍 《内蒙古农业科技》2009,(4):39-40

苹果树腐烂病是危害中国北方果树的主要病害之一,引起这种病害的病原菌为苹果壳囊孢（Cytospora sp．）,这种病害使果树树皮腐烂。很多真菌都可以产生果胶酶从而使植物腐坏,因此文章对苹果树腐烂病的病原菌的果胶酶进行了测定,试验结果表明：该病菌可以产生活性极强的果胶酶．为苹果树腐烂病的防治提供了一定的依据。  相似文献   

三七根腐病病原及复合侵染的研究   总被引：23，自引：1，他引：23  

罗文富  贺承福 《植物病理学报》1997,27(1):85-91

 从三七根腐病不同发病期根部分离到假单胞杆菌Pseudomonas sp.、腐皮镰孢Fusarium solani、细链格孢Alternaria tenuis和小杆线虫Rhabditis elegans。活体接种假单胞杆菌的致病性最强,腐皮镰孢和细链格孢的致病性弱,小杆线虫无致病性。假单胞杆菌、腐皮镰孢和细链格孢混合接种的发病率都高于单独接种的发病率,尤以3种菌混合接种的发病率最高,含细菌的组合发病率高于不含细菌的发病率,说明细菌在侵染中起了主要作用。  相似文献   

出口普洱茶中大肠菌群的污染状况和潜在致病菌分析     

陈芸  杨玲春  陈丽萍  殷红  朱红玉  范焱  王裔耿  李云飞  王文珍 《茶叶》2017,43(1)

本文拟分析云南口岸出口普洱茶中大肠菌群的污染状况,对检测过程中发现的细菌进行种属分布和致病性探讨,揭示导致出口普洱茶大肠菌群超标的微生物污染因子和出口普洱茶肠道致病菌的污染风险,为普洱茶的出口监管和生产过程控制提供一定的数据支持。根据国标方法进行出口普洱茶样品的大肠菌群检测,并使用全自动微生物质谱鉴定仪、生化鉴定仪和生化鉴定试剂条对分离出的革兰氏阴性细菌进行鉴定。结果显示,2015~2016年间共检测76份出口普洱茶样品,大肠菌群超标率为15.8%。出口普洱茶中大肠菌群的主要污染微生物为肠杆菌属和克雷伯菌属,导致大肠菌群指标超标的主要微生物为阴沟肠杆菌。检测过程中共分离出8个种属的细菌,其中包括绿脓杆菌等革兰氏阴性致病菌,说明出口普洱茶有潜在肠道致病菌污染的风险。  相似文献   

枯草芽孢杆菌B47高产拮抗物质菌株的紫外诱变选育(英文)     

《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to breed new strains which have higher inhibitory effects on the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt.[Method] The endophytic Bacillus subtilis B47 strain was obtained from tomato stems by UV mutagenesis for two consecutive times,then genetic stability as well as physiological and biochemical properties of mutant strains were studied.[Result] The antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains F303,F304 and F305 was higher than that of B74 strain.After subculture of 10 successive generations,the antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains for the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt decreased,but the antibacterial activity of F305 strain decreased the least,indicating its best genetic stability among the tested strains.The antibacterial circle diameter of F305 strain was 5 mm larger than that of wild strain B47 under the same condition.The mutant strain F305 was in logarithmic growth phase within 36 h and in stationary phase within 36-96 h,while its optimum growth temperature was 35 ℃.F305 strain could grow in sodium salt with the concentration of 1%-10%,but it grew best at the concentration of 1%.Physiological and biochemical responses of F305 strain were in accordance with those of wild strain B47.[Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for the factorial production of antagonistic substance by B47 strain and new methods of preventing from the pathogens watermelon fusarium wilt.  相似文献   

枯草芽孢杆菌B47高产拮抗物质菌株的紫外诱变选育     

王静  朱建华  林纬  黄永禄  袁高庆  黎起秦 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(33)

[目的]为选育对西瓜枯萎病病菌具更强抑制作用的新菌株。[方法]对从番茄茎内分离获得的内生枯草芽孢杆菌B47菌株进行连续2次紫外线诱变,并对诱变菌株的遗传稳定性和生理生化特性进行测定。[结果]筛选获得3株抑菌活性高于B47菌株的诱变菌株F303、F304、F305,经10代传代培养后,3株诱变菌株对西瓜枯萎病病菌的抑菌活性都有所下降,但F305的抑菌活性下降最小,遗传稳定性最好,在同等条件下其抑菌圈直径仍比野生菌株B47大5 mm。诱变菌株F305在36 h内处于对数生长期,在36~96 h内处于稳定期;最适宜生长温度为35℃;在浓度为1%~10%的钠盐中皆能生长,但以浓度为1%时生长最好,该菌株的生理生化反应与野生菌株B47的反应一致。[结论]该研究为利用B47菌株进行工厂化生产拮抗性物质产品和探讨防治西瓜枯萎病的新方法奠定了基础。  相似文献   

核果类果树流胶病研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

谢思惠  李宪利  高东升  向勤锃  孙仲序 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(5):1932-1935

综述了国内外果树流胶病的研究进展;列出了常见果树流胶病的病原;分析了流胶病的传播与病害流行;提出了流胶病的诊断指标;总结出了流胶病的防治方法;指出了今后研究的重点问题。  相似文献   

奶牛乳房炎检测方法与分子抗病育种研究进展     

韦艺媛  俞英 《中国奶牛》2011,(8):52-58

奶牛乳房炎即奶牛乳腺发生炎症反应,是一种常见的奶牛疾病,对乳业造成的经济损失极大。本文通过分析其致病原因,对奶牛乳房炎的检测方法做出总结,在分析传统检测方法的基础上,介绍最新的检测方法,说明乳房炎检测逐渐向低成本高效率的趋势发展。另外还以乳房炎抗性候选基因和表观遗传标记为出发点,对乳房炎发生发展的预测方法做了介绍,并就乳房炎研究方向针对奶牛本身的分子抗病育种方向发展的趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

Flea-borne pathogens in the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis and their association with mtDNA diversity of the flea host     

《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2021

Flea-borne pathogens were screened from 100 individual cat fleas using a PCR approach, of which 38 % were infected with at least one bacterium. Overall, 28 % of the flea samples were positive for Bartonella as inferred from ITS DNA region. Of these, 25 % (7/28) were identified as Bartonella clarridgeiae, 42.9 % (12/28) as Bartonella henselae consisted of two different strains, and 32.1 % (9/28) as Bartonella koehlerae, which was detected for the first time in Malaysia. Sequencing of gltA amplicons detected Rickettsia DNA in 14 % of cat flea samples, all of them identified as Rickettsia asembonensis (100 %). None of the flea samples were positive for Mycoplasma DNA in 16S rRNA gene detection. Four fleas were co-infected with Bartonella and Rickettsia DNAs. Statistical analyses reveal no significant association between bacterial infection and mtDNA diversity of the cat flea. Nevertheless, in all types of pathogen infections, infected populations demonstrated lower nucleotide and haplotype diversities compared to uninfected populations. Moreover, lower haplotype numbers were observed in infected populations.  相似文献   

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Campylobacter infection induce diarrhea in piglets: Microbial dysbiosis and intestinal disorder     

《动物营养（英文）》2020,6(3):362-371

Diarrhea is considered to be associated with microbial dysbiosis caused by infection of pathogens but poorly understood. We herein characterized the colonic microbiota of diarrheal early-weaning piglets infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Campylobacter. Campylobacter infection significantly decreased species richness and Shannon diversity index of colonic microbiota together with a significant increase in the proportion of Campylobacter and Enterobacteriaceae, whereas no significant difference on the above indexes was observed in piglets infected with PCV2 compared with healthy piglets. PCV2 and Campylobacter infection could disturb the homeostasis of colonic microbiota through deterioration of ecological network within microbial community, and specially Campylobacter performed as a module hub in ecological networks. The microbial dysbiosis caused metabolic dysfunction and led to a remarkable reduction in production of short chain fatty acids, following by a higher pH level in colon cavity. Campylobacter infection disturbed the function of colonic tract barrier observed in terms of significant lower relative expression of claudin-1, occluding, and zonula occludens protein-1 genes, and PCV2 infection induced intestinal inflammation together with a higher permeability of colon. Generally, these results suggested that PCV2 and Campylobacter infection could induce microbial dysbiosis and metabolic dysfunction, and cause intestinal disorder, all of which finally were associated to contribute to the diarrhea of early-weaning piglets.  相似文献