Differentiating sources of CO₂ from organic soil under bioenergy crop cultivation: A field-based approach using C     

Christina Biasi  Niina M. Tavi  Simo Jokinen  Narasinha Shurpali  Kai Hämäläinen  Högne Jungner  Markku Oinonen  Pertti J. Martikainen 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(12):2406-2409

We tested here a plant-soil system to separate recent, plant-derived and native, soil-derived carbon in soil respiration. The approach uses a perennial crop cultivated on an organic soil where upper soil layers have been removed as a result of peat extraction. There, the ¹⁴C signal from native organic matter is highly depleted compared to that in vegetation established at the site after peat extraction ceased. Radiocarbon was analyzed in carbon dioxide respired from soil over one growing season, and a two-pool isotope mixing model was applied to calculate the relative contribution of old vs. new carbon sources. The analysis showed that the approach is reliable for source partitioning with isotopes. After six years of cultivation, old peat decomposition contributed less to total soil respiration than respiration of recent plant material (30% vs. 70% on average, respectively), but the relative proportions were highly variable over the growing season. The approach offers a new possibility to follow the fate of old, native soil organic matter in highly organic soils.  相似文献   

极细链格孢菌蛋白激发子Peat1在酵母双杂交系统中转录激活活性检测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘延锋  邱德文  曾洪梅  杨秀芬 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(20)

以PCR法从pGEX-6p-1-peaT1中扩增出peaT1基因片段,电泳回收后将peaT1基因定向克隆到plexA载体中。将诱饵载体plexA-peaT1经酶切和测序鉴定后,用PEG/LiAC法转化酵母EGY48[p8op-lacZ],并进行诱饵载体转录激活活性检测。结果表明,重组质粒经EcoR I和XhoⅠ双酶切后,琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测可见2条与预期相符的条带,表明诱饵载体构建成功。β-半乳糖苷酶活性分析表明,诱饵载体plexA-peat1无转录激活活性,对酵母菌株也无毒害作用。该诱饵载体可用于酵母双杂交系统中,为下一步筛选cDNA文库奠定了基础。  相似文献   

水肥耦合下草炭对小白菜生长的影响     

钟顺清 《勤云标准版测试》2007,(3)

为了探讨水肥耦合作用下,不同比例的不同草炭对植物生长的影响。以小白菜为供试植物,通过4个灌水水平和施肥与不施肥两个肥分水平处理,采用了石河子草炭与加拿大草炭不同添加量处理在温室里进行盆栽试验,试验结果表明:施肥与不施肥对小白菜根系发育没有明显影响,而草炭的添加有利于其根系的发育和叶绿素的增加。在50%(对照饱和田间持水量为100%)灌水水平下,草炭对小白菜的生长反而起抑制作用,降低了其地上部鲜重,随着灌水量的增加,草炭的整体优势得以发挥,当灌水量达到100%时、125%时,草炭保水的优势发挥了,8%石河子和5%加拿大草炭混合处理的明显优于对照,地上部鲜重达到了对照4倍多。因此,8%石河子和5%加拿大草炭在100%灌水条件下是比较理想的处理方案,有利于小白菜的生长发育。  相似文献   

泥炭净水应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢佳  徐惠风  王丽兰  高志新  张鹏  温娜 《安徽农业科学》2013,(2):794-796,837

泥炭作为一种天然的离子交换剂和吸附剂,可用于多污染物的废水处理,是一种性能优良、价格低廉的清除介质。综述了近年来泥炭用于废水处理的研究与实际应用,介绍了天然泥炭和改性泥炭处理废水的吸附机理,展望了这种净水技术的发展前景。  相似文献   

培育种苗基质产业 满足种苗生产需求     

孟宪民 《长江蔬菜》2012,(6):103-107

集中化规模化育苗已经成为我国种苗产业主流和发展方向,种苗生产的快速发展对种苗基质提出了标准化、规范化、商品化需求.根据国外种苗基质产业发展经验,针对国内种苗基质产业发展存在的问题和现状,分析了我国发展种苗基质制备产业的有利条件,提出了发挥我国泥炭资源优势,加快育苗基质配方和调制技术开发、加强育苗基质规模化自动化成套设备研制、探索总结在大规模工业化条件下育苗基质的生产管理模式,建立大型种苗基质生产线示范工程,培育和引领我国种苗基质制备产业发展的建议.  相似文献   

斜发沸石 脱磁钢渣和泥炭对二级出水中氨氮的去除研究     

廖敏  熊集兵 《河北农业科学》2010,14(3):71-73,84

以二级出水中氨氮为处理对象,以天然斜发沸石、脱磁钢渣和泥炭为吸附剂,考察不同影响因素对天然斜发沸石、脱磁钢渣和泥炭吸附氨氮的影响。分析了pH值对填料吸附的影响,同时考察了这3种填料对氨氮的最大吸附容量、时间对填料吸附氨氮的影响以及不同水力条件下这3种填料对二级出水中氨氮的柱穿透试验。结果表明:斜发沸石对二级出水中的氨氮去除效果最好,泥炭其次,脱磁钢渣最差。  相似文献   

不同基质处理对亚洲百合生长发育的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

冯冰  曹宁  任爽英  黄璐  刘春  董丽 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(22):11746-11748,11765

[目的]研究在亚洲百合无土栽培中能够替代泥炭的新型基质材料。[方法]在混配基质中用麦秆、玉米杆、椰糠、菇渣、豆荚5种有机废弃物作为亚洲百合品种‘普瑞头’无土栽培基质,设置7个处理,研究不同处理对亚洲百合生长发育的影响。[结果]7种混配基质的各项理化指标均在无土栽培基质的理想范围内,其中2份珍珠岩：2份蛭石：3份椰糠：3份沙子栽培的百合生长发育综合表现最好。[结论]2份珍珠岩：2份蛭石：3份椰糠：3份沙子可替代泥炭作为亚洲百合的无土栽培基质。  相似文献   

4种农业有机废弃物对丽格海棠盆花的栽培效果     

孙向丽  张启翔 《东北林业大学学报》2011,39(3):31-33

为减少花卉无土栽培对泥炭资源的依赖,该试验以玉米秆、小麦秆、菇渣和花生壳4种农业有机废弃物作为基质的主要成分,探讨取代泥炭作为丽格海棠栽培基质的可行性.结果表明,V(玉米秆粉)∶V(花生壳粉)∶V(珍珠岩)=2.5∶2.5∶2、V(玉米秆粉)∶V(花生壳粉)∶V(珍殊岩)=2∶3∶2、V(小麦秆粉)∶V(花生壳粉)∶V...  相似文献   

不同比例生物炭替代泥炭栽培基质对西瓜幼苗生长的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

戚琳  马存琛  谢伟芳  程婷 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(25)

[目的]研究得到替代泥炭的最佳生物炭育苗基质配比。[方法]以生物炭、泥炭、椰糠、蛭石和珍珠岩为基质,按照生物炭和泥炭的不同配比,研究基质理化性质差异及其对西瓜幼苗生长的影响。[结果]随着基质中生物炭比例的增加,基质容重和持水孔隙降低,pH、总孔隙度增大,且其值均在育苗基质适宜范围之内;各处理间西瓜幼苗出苗率无显著差异,株高、茎粗、地上部鲜重、壮苗指数和根系活力均呈先增大后减小的趋势,西瓜幼苗各生长指标以T_2处理(生物炭∶泥炭=2∶3)为最佳,高于纯泥炭基质的CK。[结论]可用一定比例生物炭替代泥炭,在对基质水分和养分条件起到一定的协调作用的同时促进幼苗生长。  相似文献   

Peat–water interrelationships in a tropical peatland ecosystem in Southeast Asia     

J.H.M. Wösten  E. Clymans  S.E. Page  J.O. Rieley  S.H. Limin 《CATENA》2008

Interrelationships between peat and water were studied using a hydropedological modelling approach for adjacent relatively intact and degraded peatland in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The easy to observe degree of peat humification provided good guidance for the assignment of more difficult to measure saturated hydraulic conductivities to the acrotelm–catotelm hydrological system. Ideally, to prevent subsidence and fire, groundwater levels should be maintained between 40 cm below and 100 cm above the peat surface. Calculated groundwater levels for different years and for different months within a single year showed that these levels can drop deeper than the critical threshold of 40 cm below the peat surface whilst flooding of more than 100 cm above the surface was also observed. In July 1997, a dry El Niño year, areas for which deep groundwater levels were calculated coincided with areas that were on fire as detected from radar images. The relatively intact peatland showed resilience towards disturbance of its hydrological integrity whereas the degraded peatland was susceptible to fire. Hydropedological modelling identified areas with good restoration potential based on predicted flooding depth and duration. Groundwater level prediction maps can be used in fire hazard warning systems as well as in land utilization and restoration planning. These maps are also attractive tools to move from the dominant uni-sectoral approach in peatland resource management toward a much more promising multi-sectoral approach involving various forestry, agriculture and environment agencies. It is demonstrated that the combination of hydrology and pedology is essential for wise use of valuable but threatened tropical peatland ecosystems.  相似文献