合浦珠母贝选育组和对照组生长性状相关分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭奕惠  刘宝锁  范嗣刚  张博  陈晓玲  喻达辉 《上海海洋大学学报》2017,26(2):212-220

收集合浦珠母贝(Pinctada martensii)F4选育组和对照组不同月龄生长数据,对壳长、壳高、壳宽和体质量进行相关和回归分析。结果显示,各月龄选育组和对照组生长性状间相关系数均达到极显著水平(P0.01),相关系数范围分别为0.47~0.88和0.44~0.92。除选育组6月龄壳宽与其他性状间相关系数大于对照组相应数值外,选育组生长性状间相关系数均小于对照组。各月龄选育组和对照组估算体质量的多元回归均达到显著水平(P0.05),方程判定系数(R2)范围分别为0.625~0.848和0.745~0.902,选育组方程判定系数均小于对照组。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝选择育种工作中确定重要目标性状提供了理论指导。  相似文献   

合浦珠母贝三倍体的卵诱导四倍体   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

何毛贤 《水产学报》2000,24(1):22-27

将合浦珠母贝三倍体的卵与二倍体的精子授精,用０．５μｇ／ｍＬ细胞松弛素Ｂ抑制精卵第一极体的释放诱导四倍体。研究了处理起始时间及持续时间对胚胎孵化率和四倍体诱导率的影响及幼虫的生长及存活。实验结果表明：持续时间与胚胎孵化率呈负相关,而与四倍体诱导率呈正相关,持续时间一般为１５￣１８ｍｉｎ,处理起始时间一般在第一极体出现前３￣５ｍｉｎ。在胚胎期,四倍体诱导率平均为２０％。在幼虫培养阶段,幼虫死亡严重,  相似文献   

Proximate and fatty acid composition of the gonads of wild versus hatchery‐conditioned Pinctada margaritifera broodstock     

F. EHTESHAMI  A. CHRISTIANUS  H. RAMESHI  S.A. HARMIN  C.R. SAAD 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(3):e675-e682

The composition of protein, carbohydrate, lipid and fatty acids of the gonad of wild female broodstock of black‐lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera, was compared with oysters fed on a ternary combination of microalgae in hatchery. Artificial feeding was found to be as good as natural feeding in terms of number and size of released eggs. Lipid, protein and carbohydrate reserves of unfed oysters were found to be insufficient to complete oogenesis. The proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the neutral and polar lipids extracted from female gonads were not influenced by variations in the fatty acid composition of the natural food and ternary combination of microalgae in hatchery. T‐Iso, Chaetoceros calcitrans and Chaetoceros muelleri were able to provide sufficient 22:6n‐3 (DHA) and 20:5n‐3 (EPA), two of the most important essential fatty acids required for gametogenesis. The n‐3/n‐6 and 22:5n‐3/20:4n‐3 ratios were consistently higher in the neutral lipids than in the polar lipids. Conversely, the ratio of 20:4n‐3/20:5n‐3, 22:6n‐3/20:5n‐3 and PUFA/SFA was higher in the polar lipids.  相似文献   

笼具形状对选育合浦珠母贝幼贝生长的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郝博飞  黄桂菊  刑孔武  黎火金  陈明强  李有宁  吴开畅  喻达辉 《海洋渔业》2012,34(4)

2011年8月,以海南三亚亲贝(♀)×广东徐闻亲贝(♂)构建的第一代选育合浦珠母贝(Pinctadafucata)群体为材料,研究长方形、圆柱形和半球形笼具形状在不同水深对合浦珠母贝幼贝(平均壳长1.4 cm)生长的影响。结果表明,长方形笼具在4 m水深时,幼贝的壳高和体重增长率最大,分别为24.55%和6.44%,显著高于其它水层(P<0.01);半球形笼具在3 m水深时,幼贝壳高和体重增长速度最大,分别为22.55%和5.40%,与其它水深的差异极显著(P<0.01);圆柱形笼具在6 m水深时,壳高和体重增长最快,增长率分别为22.46%和5.37%,显著高于3、5、7 m水深组(P<0.01),而与其余深度组差异不显著。此外,圆柱形笼具的高对合浦珠母贝的生长也有影响,在3 m水层20 cm高的圆柱形笼具中贝壳高和体重增长速度最大(增长率分别为24.70%和6.20%),与5、10、15 cm高度组差异显著(P<0.05);而长方形笼具虽然10 cm高的笼具较好,但与其它各实验组差异并不显著(P>0.05)。综合来看,合浦珠母贝在3～4 m水层用半径11.5 cm、高20 cm的圆柱形笼具或20 cm(长)×12 cm(宽)×10 cm(高)的长方形笼具养殖效果较好。但在制作成本方面,圆柱形笼具的成本低于长方形笼具。  相似文献   

XLP涂料对合浦珠母贝成活率、生长及附着生物量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

CHEN Mingqiang  李有宁  ZHANG Dianchang  吴开畅  YANG Qibin  王雨  CHEN Xu  江世贵 《南方水产》2008,4(4):30-35

研究了XLP防污涂料对合浦珠母贝Pinctada fucata成活率、生长及附着生物量的影响。经XLP防污涂料处理后的贝,其附着生物量明显低于对照组;经防污涂料处理后的养殖网笼具,其附着生物量也明显低于对照组;贝和养殖网笼具同时用XLP防污涂料处理时,防生物附着的效果最好。经XLP防污涂料处理后,处理前期（30～60d）合浦珠母贝养殖成活率与对照组的成活率接近,或者略低于对照组;养殖120d后试验组成活率则高于对照组。使用XLP防污涂料处理后养殖120d,合浦珠母贝的个体大小及体重高于对照组。试验结果表明,使用XLP防污涂料能有效防御污损生物附着,有利于合浦珠母贝的养殖。  相似文献   

Studies on aneuploid pearl oyster (Pinctada martensii Dunker) produced by crossing triploid females and a diploid male following the inhibition of PB1     

Maoxian He  Weiguo Jiang  Liangmin Huang 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2004,230(1-4):117-124

Viable aneuploid embryos of pearl oyster, Pinctada martensii Dunker, were produced by inhibiting the first polar body (PB1) with cytochalasin B treatment in eggs from triploids fertilized with haploid sperm. During the period of growth measurement, aneuploid showed the slowest growth compared with diploid and triploid groups. The body size and weight measurement data showed that there were no differences between aneuploids (as a group) and diploids in body size and weight (P>0.10), but that they were significantly different from triploids (P<0.01). There were no differences between aneuploids within diploid condition (2n±n) and diploids in SL (P>0.1), but significant differences in BW were found (P<0.05). Aneuploids within triploid condition (3n±n) were significantly smaller than triploids in BW (P<0.05), but not different from triploids in SL (P>0.05), and almost identical to diploids in both (P>0.1). These dada indicated that some aneuploids might be associated with growth retardation. Karyotype analysis revealed that there were metacentric, submetacentric or subtelocentric chromosomes losses or gains; aneuploid pearl oysters with the same chromosome numbers had different chromosome composition. Aneuploids are valuable research materials for genetic analysis.  相似文献   

黑壳病马氏珠母贝贝肉微量元素及挥发性成分分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

秦培文  纪丽丽  范润珍  肖碧红  唐晓丹  宋文东 《南方水产》2010,6(2):35-40

采用湿法消解和索氏提取法＋水蒸气蒸馏法分别处理黑壳病马氏珠母贝（Pinctada martensii）贝肉样品。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP—AES）检测样品中12种主要微量元素的质量分数,气质联用色谱法（GC—MS）检测其挥发性成分。结果表明,与健康贝贝肉相比,黑壳病贝贝肉中微量元素除锌（Zn）和硒（Se）的质量分数有明显变化（下降率分别为8．54％和10．98％）外,其他元素没有明显差异;病贝中含有的挥发性物质（16种）较健康贝的少（20种）,并含有金属元素、大量的苯环等。  相似文献   

合浦珠母贝matrilin-1基因的克隆和表达分析     

王珍珍  黄桂菊  范嗣刚  刘宝锁  张博  苏家齐  喻达辉 《南方水产科学》2017,(1):76-84

以合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)转录组中的matrilin-1基因片段为基础,开展了matrilin-1的c DNA全长(Pfmatrilin-1)克隆和定量表达分析。Pfmatrilin-1基因c DNA全长2 036 bp,开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)1 194 bp,编码397个氨基酸,包括1个信号肽序列和2个血管性血友病因子A(von Willebrand factor A,VWA)样结构域。系统进化分析显示无脊椎动物的matrilins与脊椎动物的matrilins进化关系较远。荧光定量PCR表达分析结果显示,Pfmatrilin-1 mRNA在合浦珠母贝各个组织中均有表达,其中在血液中表达量最高(P0.05);Pfmatrilin-1从担轮幼虫期至变态期均有表达,眼点期表达量最高(P0.05),而贝类幼虫发育到眼点期就会开始附着,眼点期幼虫原壳生长停滞,次生壳形成,因此推测其可能与次生壳的形成有关。这些结果表明Pfmatrilin-1在合浦珠母贝生物矿化中发挥重要作用。  相似文献   

High levels of intra-specific variation in the NG repeat region of the Pinctada maxima N66 organic matrix protein     

Carolyn Smith-Keune  & Dean R Jerry 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(9):1054-1063

There has been wide speculation about the functional importance, and potential contribution to the varying nacre characteristics of pearl oysters, of variation in the length of an asparagine–glycine-rich repeat domain (the NG region) within the key organic matrix proteins nacrein and N66. This speculation has centred on large inter-species differences in the length of the NG protein domain. We report for the first time the presence of significant intra-specific (allelic) polymorphism in both the length and the amino acid sequence of the NG repeat domain of N66 within both wild and hatchery populations of Pinctada maxima . We also detected the presence of a second putative N66-like locus within the P. maxima genome. Confirmation of gene expression of the various alleles at the two loci identified in P. maxima is now required, together with experimental testing of functional differences in the carbonic anhydrase activity of the alleles identified.  相似文献   

Genetic linkage map of the pearl oyster,Pinctada martensii (Dunker)     

Yaohua Shi  Hong Kui  Ximing Guo  Zhifeng Gu  Yan Wang  Aimin Wang 《Aquaculture Research》2009,41(1):35-44

Genetic linkage maps were constructed with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite markers for the pearl oyster, Pinctada martensii (Dunker), the main bivalve used for marine pearl production in Asia. Twenty‐four AFLP and 84 microsatellite primer pairs were used for linkage analysis in a full‐sib family with two parents and 78 offspring. Of the 2357 AFLP fragments generated, 394 (16.7%) were polymorphic and segregating. Most (340 or 86.2%) of the markers segregated according to expected Mendelian ratios. Female and male linkage maps were constructed using 230 and 189 markers, including 15 and 10 microsatellites respectively. The female map consisted of 110 markers in 15 linkage groups, covering 1415.9 cM, with an average interval of 14.9 cM. The male map consisted of 98 markers in 16 linkage groups, with a total length of 1323.2 cM and an average interval of 16.1 cM. When unlinked doublets were considered, genome coverages were 78.5% for the female and 73.5% for the male map. Although preliminary, the genetic maps constructed here should be useful for future linkage and quantitative trait loci mapping efforts.  相似文献