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[目的]探讨影响3个池塘形成不同藻类水华的生态学原因。[方法]2007年7～10月对河南省延津县3个形成不同藻类水华的养殖池塘进行逐月定点水生生物学和水化学调查与检测。[结果]1号塘为绿藻水华,优势种为衣藻、小球藻;2号塘为裸藻水华,优势种为裸藻（Euglena）;3号塘为微囊藻水华,优势种铜绿微囊藻。绿藻水华的发生与低含量的总磷（约0.86mg/L）和高的氮磷比（约13.1）有密切关系,裸藻水华的发生与高的总磷含量（约2.08mg/L）和低的氮磷比（约7.3）有显著关系,而微囊藻水华发生与较高的总磷含量（约1.30mg/L）和较高的氮磷比（约9.2）有密切关系。[结论]池塘藻类水华的控制应以预防为主,重点是调节控制好水质。 相似文献
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精养鱼池浮游生物及其鱼产力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]分析精养鱼池塘水体中浮游生物种群结构的变化规律,促进池塘高产技术的推广。[方法]对喀什地区渔业检测中心精养鱼池塘浮游生物的种类组成、现存量及其对鱼产量影响进行调查和分析。[结果]共检出浮游植物20属,隶属5门,总生物量为80.57mg/L,优势种群为蓝藻门和绿藻门。检出浮游动物8属,隶属4门,平均生物量2.19mg/L,优势种群为萼花臂尾轮虫和壶状臂尾轮虫。该池塘浮游生物总量为82.76mg/L;总鱼产力为1603kg/hm2。[结论]池塘水体浮游植物组成不尽合理,要防止蓝藻大量生长,减少对鱼类生长的不利影响,并适当增加鳙鱼的比例,以合理利用浮游生物资源。 相似文献
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Plankton indices explain interannual variability in Prince William Sound herring first year growth 
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下载免费PDF全文 This study examines the relationships between first year growth of juvenile Prince William Sound herring, temperature and their food. We present time series of herring first year growth, determined from scale measurements as a proxy for herring length, water temperature and indices of multiple trophic levels of plankton obtained from Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) sampling on the adjacent Gulf of Alaska shelf. We show that there was a significant correlation between herring growth and water temperature, when the three warmest years were excluded (the mean July and August temperatures were greater than 12.5°C in 1989, 2004 and 2005). There were also strong, significant relationships between the abundance of appropriately sized (for first‐feeding herring) planktonic prey groups and herring growth. First year herring growth was greater in years with higher abundances of diatoms, microzooplankton and small mesozooplankton but not related to variability in abundance of larger mesozooplankton (such as euphausiids and large copepods). Furthermore, the strong interannual relationship between diatoms and herring growth held true even in the warmest years where the relationship between temperature and growth broke down. We also found seasonal timing and abundance changes in the plankton in warm years that would make the prey more abundant during the summer months immediately after metamorphosis of the herring larvae. We thus conclude that young‐of‐the‐year herring may grow better in warm years because the timing of key prey is a better match for their first feeding. 相似文献
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As the eastward‐flowing North Pacific Current approaches the North American continent it bifurcates into the southward‐flowing California Current and the northward‐flowing Alaska Current. This bifurcation occurs in the south‐eastern Gulf of Alaska and can vary in position. Dynamic height data from Project Argo floats have recently enabled the creation of surface circulation maps which show the likely position of the bifurcation; during 2002 it was relatively far north at ∼53°N then, during early 2003, it moved southwards to a more normal position at ∼45°N. Two ship‐of‐opportunity transects collecting plankton samples with a Continuous Plankton Recorder across the Gulf of Alaska were sampled seasonally during 2002 and 2003. Their position was dependent on the commercial ship’s operations; however, most transects sampled across the bifurcation. We show that the oceanic plankton differed in community composition according to the current system they occurred in during spring and fall of 2002 and 2003, although winter populations were more mixed. Displacement of the plankton communities could have impacts on the plankton’s reproduction and development if they use cues such as day length, and also on foraging of higher trophic‐level organisms that use particular regions of the ocean if the nutritional value of the communities is different. Although we identify some indicator taxa for the Alaska and California currents, functional differences in the plankton communities on either side of the bifurcation need to be better established to determine the impacts of bifurcation movement on the ecosystems of the north‐east Pacific. 相似文献
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[目的]获取连环湖渔业资源和放养技术的相关参数。[方法]2008年5月中旬、8月初和9月末分别对连环湖(火烧黑泡)进行了水质监测、浮游生物和底栖动物调查,并对水质理化指标、营养元素和水域饵料生物的特点进行了评价。[结果]水质pH为8.53,硬度为3.04 mmol/L,碱度为8.75 mmol/L,化学耗氧量为8.69 mg/L,水质主要离子浓度高低次序为HCO3->Na+和K+>Ca2+>Cl->Mg2+>SO42-。水质为弱碱性,碳酸盐类钙组I型水(CICa),泡水为富营养化水体(总氮为0.667 3 mg/L,总磷为0.563 0 mg/L)。浮游植物共6门24个种属,其中绿藻门13个种属,占54.17%,数量为909.02×104个/L;蓝藻门和硅藻门次之,均为4个种属,均占16.67%,数量分别为525.03×104和84.56×104个/L;其他藻门共有3个种属,占12.5%,数量为39.18×104个/L。浮游动物共10个种属,其中轮虫5个种属,占50.00%,数量为12.7个/L;枝角类3个种属,占30.00%,数量为66.7个/L;桡足类1个种属,占10.00%,数量为28.3个/L。[结论]为盐碱湖泊的渔业资源开发与利用提供了依据。 相似文献
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[目的]运用不同分析方法比较城市污染河道浮游生物和底栖动物样品,探讨适用于重污染区域生物数据分析的方法。[方法]采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数,多元分析中的聚类分析法和非度量多维标度排序(Non-matricMulti-dimentionalScaling,MDS)分析法对采集自珠江三角洲典型城市污染河道-佛山水道浮游生物及底栖动物数据进行分析。同步采集底泥样品,测定了Pb、Cd、Hg、Cr、As、Cu、Ni、Zn和间隙水CODCr、NH3-N,并运用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对生态危害进行评价。[结果]Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分析结果不能有效地反映重污染区域污染状况差异,其分析结果与实际污染状况有较大差距;尽管存在一些问题,在城市重污染河道生物监测结果分析方面,多元分析方法优于Shannon-Wiener多样性指数法。[结论]为重污染区域生物监测数据分析提供理论依据。 相似文献
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To compare the growth performance of koi carp, Cyprinus carpio var. koi, produced in concrete tanks (2.13 × 0.91 × 1.22 m; capacity: 2,000 l each) and earthen ponds (9.1 × 6.10 × 1.07 m; capacity: 59650 l each), fish larvae (stocking size: 0.12 ± 0.008 g) were cultured for 11 weeks and individual weight gain, survival rate and number of marketable fish produced were compared among four management regimes for each culture system: (1) live zooplankton fed to fish larvae in ponds (PLF) and tanks (TLF); (2) application of poultry manure in ponds (PPM) and tanks (TPM); (3) application of cow manure in ponds (PCD) and tanks (TCD); and (4) a control treatment for ponds (PC) and tanks (TC), where a commercial feed was applied. There were three replicates for each treatment. Weight gain of koi carp was highest in the PLF treatment, followed in decreasing order by TLF, PPM, PCD, TPM, TCD, PC and TC treatments (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the survival of koi carp among the treatments, ranging from 67.83% in TC to 95.50% in PLF. The number of marketable fish produced was highest in the PLF treatment, followed in decreasing order by TLF, PPM and PCD treatments. However, none of the fish produced in the TPM, TCD, PC and TC treatments attained marketable size. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) values of pH and dissolved oxygen (for water samples collected weekly at 9 A.M.) were obtained in the live food and control treatments (for both tanks and ponds), compared to the manured treatments. The concentration of total alkalinity, BOD, PO4-P, NO3-N and specific conductivity were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in PPM and PCD, compared to other treatments. NO2-N and NH4-N values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in TPM and TCD, than other treatments. The results suggest that introduction of live zooplankton into culture units result in higher growth of koi carp larvae compared to manure based systems. Earthen ponds appeared to be better alternative to concrete tanks for manure application through maintenance of better water quality due to their higher assimilatory capacity and greater abundance of plankton which resulted in better growth of cultured fish. 相似文献
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Assessing zooplankton advection in the Barents Sea using underway measurements and modelling 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The coastal shelf of northern Norway and the Barents Sea is highly advective and mainly affected by the North Atlantic Current and the Norwegian Coastal Current. The oceanographic conditions are an important factor for the spatial and temporal distribution of zooplankton in the region. To quantify zooplankton advection over the western border of the Barents Sea, a Scanfish/Optical Plankton Counter (OPC), Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), Multiple Opening and Closing Nets and Environmental Sampling System (MOCNESS), and hydrodynamic model were used. This study provides data from two time windows (June and July 1998) by continuous measurements between northern Norway and Bear Island. The zooplankton community structure was obtained by net tows and zooplankton abundance fields were mapped by an OPC counting zooplankton in the size range 0.7–14 mm equivalent spherical diameter. A simple zooplankton community structure was found with the copepod Calanus finmarchicus (CIII–CV) as the dominant species in this size fraction. Ocean currents were measured by a ship‐mounted ADCP and the residual currents were calculated by subtracting the tidal component obtained from a hydrodynamic model. Two measurements conducted in June and July 1998 shows a net eastward transport of water of 3.5 and 1.3 Sverdrup over the section. For the same two periods, zooplankton biomass transport is also positive towards east but varies by two orders of magnitude between the two measurements. 相似文献
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Quasi‐synoptic sampling along a transect from Alaska to California carried out in spring and summer 2000 using Continuous Plankton Recorders reveals that the abundant calanoid copepod Neocalanus plumchrus (Marukawa) reaches the surface at approximately the same time across the region. However, monthly sampling also reveals that the timing of peak biomass (when 50% of the population consists of copepodites at stage CV) occurs about 5 weeks earlier at the southernmost part of its range than at the northernmost part, with intermediate areas having intermediate timings. Surface water temperature differed by about 4°C between the warmer south and the cooler north, and we suggest that such a difference would reduce development duration by about 3 weeks. If food supply in the north is more conducive to lipid accumulation, as seems possible from phytoplankton biomass data, then the use of the differences in timing of peak N. plumchrus biomass in each area as a measure of the differences in development time may not be accurate. We find that the estimate of the time of peak biomass varying by about 5 weeks between north and south may be an exaggeration of the actual difference in the development duration. Temperature is probably the most important factor governing the shorter development duration of N. plumchrus in southern latitudes. 相似文献