冬季地膜覆盖对延长草坪绿期的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋雪枫  苏德荣  庄千燕  刘艺杉 《草地学报》2010,18(3):441-446

在我国北方地区,为使草坪在春季提前返青,延长草坪全年绿期,并最终使得草皮生产率得以提高,以及延长高尔夫球场的营运时间,获得很多经济收益。通过在3个不同时间用聚乙烯塑料薄膜和无纺布对草坪进行覆盖,与无覆盖处理的草坪相比较,研究冬季地膜覆盖对草坪返青的影响,并得出最佳覆盖材质和覆盖时间。结果表明:覆盖处理的草坪比无覆盖处理的草坪提前1个月开始返青;揭膜时,12月15日用塑料薄膜覆盖的草坪,以及1月9日用塑料薄膜覆盖和无纺布覆盖的草坪盖度达到80%,与无覆盖处理相较提前30d完成了返青;揭膜时,用塑料薄膜覆盖的草坪已完成返青,且盖度达到了足球场和草皮质量的二级水平,可直接用于实际应用。覆盖期间,无覆盖处理在2月中旬达到完全枯黄状态;而覆盖的草坪在整个覆盖期内,并未完全枯黄。1月9日用塑料薄膜覆盖对草坪盖度的影响最佳,可使草坪提前返青,在冬季也能保有一定绿色,最终延长了草坪绿期。  相似文献   

不同揭膜期对南宁春植蔗生长及蔗茎产量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

许树宁  吴建明  黄杏  谢金兰  丘立杭  黄家雍  罗亚伟  李杨瑞 《热带作物学报》2016,37(1):75-79

为了探明覆膜甘蔗生长、产量及经济效益同步提高的最佳揭膜时期的栽培措施,本试验以桂糖03-2287甘蔗品种为材料,采用地膜覆盖栽培,设置齐苗期、分蘖末期和拔节伸长前期等3个不同生长时期揭膜处理,以不盖膜作对照,探讨不同时期揭膜对甘蔗生长及产量的影响。结果表明,比较不盖膜对照,地膜覆盖分蘖末期揭膜处理增产13.1%,差异极显著,齐苗期揭膜和拔节伸长前期揭膜分别增产6.4%和6.9%,差异显著;地膜覆盖处理间,分蘖末期揭膜比齐苗期揭膜和拔节伸长前期揭膜处理增产也达到极显著,而齐苗期揭膜与拔节伸长前期揭膜间的产量差异不显著。各处理的经济效益与蔗茎产量的高低成正相关,即分蘖末期揭膜拔节伸长前期揭膜齐苗期揭膜对照。由此表明,南宁春植蔗覆膜栽培以分蘖末期揭膜增产效果较好,过早或过迟揭膜都不利于产量的进一步提高。  相似文献   

大旱之年小麦地膜覆盖增产效果的研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

王敏  党建友  张定一  姬虎太 《山西农业科学》2010,38(2):57-59

田间试验和调查结果表明,旱地小麦全生育期地膜覆盖栽培以其突出的聚水、保墒性能,明显改善了麦田的水分条件,促进了小麦个体生长发育,小麦单位面积穗数、穗粒数和千粒重明显增加,并使旱地小麦的增产、增收效果明显好于露地播种小麦。地膜覆盖栽培技术是旱地小麦实现高产稳产的一项突破性技术措施,是解决我国干旱半干旱地区小麦生长期缺水问题的关键性措施之一。  相似文献   

地膜覆盖对木薯生长发育和产量及淀粉含量的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

韦威旭  韦民政  覃维治  陆柳英  唐秀桦  韦哲  何虎冀  甘秀芹  韦本辉 《安徽农业科学》2009,35(19):8939-8940

[目的]探索木薯节本增效栽培技术。[方法]分别采用地膜覆盖与不覆膜（对照）2种方式种植木薯,研究地膜覆盖对木薯茎叶生长、产量构成因素及淀粉含量的影响。[结果]地膜覆盖可促进木薯前中期茎叶生长,增加木薯生物量;地膜和覆盖后,木薯的块根长度、块根直径、单株块根数、单株块根重和小区鲜块根产量分别较对照增加了17．79％、14．61％、14．28％、76．14％和76．09％;地膜覆盖后木薯的淀粉含量较对照降低2％,但相同面积木薯的淀粉产量较对照增加65．35％。[结论]地膜覆盖是木薯节本增效栽培的有效措施,其增产效应主要是通过促进木薯前中期茎叶生长、提高块根直径和单株块根重、增加块根充实度实现的。  相似文献   

残膜回收机中固定凸轮的参数优化     

王红阁  赵海军  杨建玺 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(9):4334-4335

通过分析残膜捡拾机中固定凸轮机构的运动和受力情况,推导出了固定凸轮机构的效率公式。综合考虑各方面因素,建立了以效率最高和接触应力最小为目标的优化设计数学模型,并运用MATLAB软件对残膜回收机的捡拾机构进行了优化设计。  相似文献   

不同包装对贮藏豇豆营养品质的影响     

陈刚  王兰菊  马晓 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(33)

[目的]寻求适宜贮藏豇豆的包装方式。[方法]以之豇-28为试材,研究了不同薄膜包装材料对豇豆贮藏期间的锈斑指数、失重率和纤维素、叶绿素、Vc含量的影响。[结果]在(12±2)℃贮藏温度下,采用0.03mmPE膜包装袋的豇豆呼吸强度较大,叶绿素和Vc含量降低;采用哈尔滨北方保鲜研究所提供的0.02mm透湿薄膜袋,可明显降低豇豆失重率,延缓纤维素含量的上升,较好地保持叶绿素和Vc含量,但对贮藏豇豆锈斑指数的影响不明显;采用"透湿薄膜包装袋+打孔"包装的豇豆失重率较高,叶绿素含量降低,纤维素含量升高加快,但该处理能使豇豆保持较高的Vc含量。[结论]综合考虑,采用0.02mm透湿薄膜包装袋包装豇豆较为理想。  相似文献   

Characteristics of bamboo tissue in relation to cooling set     

Masamitsu Nakajima  Yuzo Furuta  Yutaka Ishimaru  Makoto Ohkoshi 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(2):107-112

To clarify the effects of tissue and structure of bamboo on its bending properties and set by cooling (bent at 90°C and cooled to 20°C with bending), the effects of set in bast-fiber-rich (B_fib) and parenchyma-cell-rich (B_par) specimens were investigated with regard to their dynamic viscoelastic properties, chemical composition, and recovery from deformation with time. The results are summarized as follows: (1) while no clear effect of the proportion of parenchyma cells and bast fibers on residual set immediately after cooling was found, the relative recovery from the deformation with time for B_fib was larger than that for B_par. (2) Slightly higher lignin content and a-cellulose were seen in B_fib than in B_par. (3) The peak temperature of loss modulus (E″) found for B_par, which was attributable to micro-Brownian motion of lignin, was obviously lower than that for B_fib. This was considered to be due to differences in the degree of condensation of lignin or higher-order structure. From these results, it was deduced that the bastfiber-rich specimen, which showed a higher peak temperature regarding thermal softening of lignin allowing the induction of insufficient thermal-softening in the range of 20° to 90°C, caused a larger recovery from deformation with time. Part of this report was presented at the 56th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society in Akita, August 2006  相似文献   

Plastic film mulching on soil water and maize (Zea mays L.) yield in a ridge cultivation system on Loess Plateau of China     

Rui Jiang  Xiao Li  Minghua Zhou  Hui Jie Li  Ying Zhao  Jun Yi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2016,62(1):1-12

Plastic film mulching has commonly been used for adaptation to water scarcity and for increasing agricultural productivity on the semiarid Loess Plateau of China. However, the effect of plastic film mulching on cropland soil water and thermal regimes on the semiarid Loess Plateau of China is not well understood. This study simultaneously monitored the dynamics of the soil water content and the soil temperature with high resolution in a ridge cultivation system with plastic film mulching (RS) and a flat cultivation system without plastic film mulching (FS) during the maize (Zea mays L.)-growing season. We found that, in general, the soil temperature and soil water content were significantly different among the ridge under RS (RS-ridge), the furrow under RS (RS-furrow) and FS throughout the maize-growing season (P < 0.05). Plastic film mulching increased the near-surface soil temperature by approximately 1°C throughout the study period. RS significantly increased the soil water content during the dry period (May to June), especially within the middle soil layer (30–60 cm), compared to FS. The lowest monthly average soil water content was found at a depth of 30–60 cm layer in FS during the dry period (May and June). The water depletion was found within deeper (100–160 cm) soil layers in May but the water storage in the same layer of FS in June increased although it was the dry period, which differed from RS. The RS practices showed a longer period of water supply from the deeper soil layer (100–160 cm) in May and June for meeting maize water demands during the early growing stage rather than in only May for FS. During June (dry period), the water storage at a depth of 0–60 cm was greater in RS than in FS, and the reverse was true at a depth of 60–160 cm. The results indicate that the dry soil layer at a depth of 30–60 cm formed during June in FS likely reduced water movement from deeper layers to the topsoil layer, and hence constrained the availability of surface soil water for meeting maize water requirements during the early growing stage (dry period). Our study suggests that RS tends to significantly increase surface soil water availability by restraining the formation of a dry soil layer during the early maize-growth stage primarily under dry conditions, and thus enhances maize productivity in the semiarid Loess Plateau of China.  相似文献   

利用ＵＮＩＣＯＲＮ ＢＡＧ培养香菇菌种试验   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐年声  焦海涛  王群 《中国食用菌》2001,20(1):12-14

本试验利用两种规格的ＵＮＩＣＯＲＮ ＢＡＧ培养香菇菌种，结果表明这种具有透气膜的塑料袋既有良好的透气性能，又能防止杂菌侵染，在菌种生产中具有装袋简单快速，接种方便容易，萌发点多，菌种成熟快等优点，具有极好的应用前景。  相似文献   

旱地农业覆盖栽培技术研究进展   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

刘永忠  张克强  王根全  李齐霞  孙万荣  翟勇 《中国农学通报》2005,21(5):202-205

重点对国内外砂石、土层、秸秆、塑料薄膜、化学覆盖物等5种覆盖物的覆盖方式、覆盖技术及覆盖后对土壤环境、对作物生长发育及增产效果的研究和应用情况进行了介绍和讨论。同时提出今后旱地覆盖栽培技术研究的方向和重点是:新型降解地膜的研制和应用;秸秆地膜组合覆盖方式与技术研究与推广;新型化学覆盖材料的研制与应用。  相似文献