海藻酸钠包埋固定胆红素氧化酶的优化     

郑文爽  赵敏 《东北林业大学学报》2011,39(3):127-128

为改善胆红素氧化酶性质,提高酶的使用效率,以海藻酸钠为载体,采用包埋法固定了胆红素氧化酶,并优化了固定化条件,研究了固定化胆红素氧化酶的酶学性质.结果表明:海藻酸钠的质量浓度为0.10 g·mL-1、CaCl,浓度为0.20 mol·L-1、固定时间为1 h、酶的固定化效果最好,固定化酶的平均酶活力回收率达32%,固定...  相似文献   

不溶性草酸氧化酶的包埋及草酸快速检测方法研究     

胡一鸿  张梦成  许春会 《广东农业科学》2011,38(9):107-109

通过研究不溶性草酸氧化酶包埋方法和草酸快速检测方法,建立氧电极法测定草酸的便捷体系。以大麦麸皮为原料制备不溶性草酸氧化酶,采用5%的琼脂糖包埋,检测包埋酶的稳定性和抗离子干扰能力;以包埋酶为工具酶,通过氧电极法检测草酸含量。试验结果表明:包埋酶连续反应2 h酶活性下降低于5%,贮存30 d活性下降低于8%;草酸检测线性范围0.1～0.8mmol/L,外标法草酸回收率为83%～97%。用氧电极法与显色法测定小麦草酸含量,两种方法的测定值无显著性差异。但氧电极法测定耗时短,反应体系简单,易于推广应用。  相似文献   

Phylogeny of Limenitidinae Butterflies （Lepidoptera： Nymphalidae） Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I Gene Sequences     

ZHANG Min  CAO Tian-wen  ZHONG Yang  GUO Ya-ping  MA En-bo 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2011,10(4):566-575

The phylogenetic analyses of the subfamily Limenitidinae are performed based on 1471 bp of mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (C01) gene sequence data which were obtained from 21 individuals spanning 9 genera, along with those of 17species obtained from GenBank, using Apatura iris, Aglais urticae, and Polyura dolon as outgroup species. Although the transitions at the third codon positions of the COI data set were highly saturated, they were still retained for analysis as they contain the majority of the phylogenetic information, and thus, the maximum pasimony (MP) under different weighting schemes and maximum likelihood (ML) trees were reconstructed in this study. The results showed that within this subfamily, the results based on the COI gene sequences are approximately identical to the traditional classification results. However, the clustering of Lexias pardalis and Tanaecia julii within the genus Euthalia as well as the clustering of Phaedyma aspasia within the genus Neptis with weak support are different from that of the current classification scheme made by Chinese scholars. The genus Limenitis is splited into two subelusters in the trees constructed by using MP and ML methods. These results support one of the strongest hypotheses for the tribe relationships within Limenitidinae.  相似文献   

Response dynamics of three defense related enzymes in cotton leaves to the interactive stress of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) herbivory and omethoate application     

SHA Pin-jie  FAN Yin-jun  WANG Zhi-chao  SHI Xue-yan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2015,(2):355-364

In order to explore the response dynamics of the activities of defense related enzymes in cotton leaves towards the interactive stress of Helicoverpa armigera herbivory and omethoate application, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL), lipoxygenase(LOX), and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) were examined from 6 to 126 h after cotton leaves were treated 12 h of H. armigera herbivory, and then sprayed with 800 mg L–1 omethoate. The results showed that the changes in the activities of PAL, LOX and PPO that occured under the interactive stress of H. armigera herbivory and omethoate application reflected the interactive effects of the two stresses on cotton defense. The similarity between the response dynamics of PAL, LOX, and PPO activities in cotton leaves under the interactive stress and that under H. armigera herbivory treatment alone showed that the induction of H. armigera herbivory on the activities of PAL, LOX and PPO in cotton leaves played a leading role in the interactive effects, and the effect of omethoate application played only a minor role. A joint factor analysis was performed according to a method which has been used to analyze the joint toxicity of pesticides; this analysis sought to clarify if there was a synergistic, antagonistic, or additive effect on PAL, LOX, and PPO activity in cotton leaves resulting from the interactive H. armigera herbivory and omethoate treatment. In the interactive effect on the response of PAL activity in cotton leaves, antagonistic effects of the omethoate application towards H. armigera herbivory were observed at 6 and 12 h. Synergistic effects were then observed at 18 and 30 h. Antagonistic effects were observed from 54 to 78 h and synergistic effects were finally observed at 126 h. The correlation between H. armigera herbivory and omethoate application in the interactive effect on cotton defense responses of LOX activity also fluctuated from synergism to antagonism during the time course. In the interactive effect on PPO activity, only antagonism was observed between H. armigera herbivory and omethoate application. In the interactive stress of H. armigera herbivory and omethoate application on cotton defense responses, omethoate affected the defense responses of cotton to H. armigera herbivory by producing antagonistic and synergistic effects. These results will be useful to understand the relationship between host plant and herbivorous pest.  相似文献   

高白度低PPO活性小麦种质筛选   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵斌  赵莉  万映秀  赵竹  王瑞  张平治 《安徽农学通报》2008,14(19):79-81

本试验对142份小麦种质资源的面粉白度和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性进行测定,结果表明：面粉白度值高于国家一级粉标准的有73份,占样本总数的51.4%;样本PPO活性低于100 AU.min-1.g-1有41份,占供试样本的28.9%;筛选出9份面粉白度值高于80%,且同时具有较低PPO活性（〈100 AU.min-1.g-1）的小麦种质,可作为小麦白度性状改良的遗传材料。  相似文献   

252份墨西哥CIMMYT小麦多酚氧化酶的活性差异及品种筛选     

赵竹  赵斌  赵莉  万映秀 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(21)

[目的]为低PPO活性小麦品种的选育提供参考信息。[方法]按Anderson和Morris等方法并作部分修改对引进的252份墨西哥CIMMYT小麦品种的多酚氧化酶活性进行测定。[结果]PPO活性主要受基因型影响;不同品种间PPO活性相差很大。252份墨西哥CIMMYT小麦的多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的范围为54.00~285.78AU/(min·g)。其中小于100.00AU/(min·g)的品种有46个,200.00AU/(min·g)以上的有37个,其余皆为100.00~200.00AU/(min·g)。品种PPO活性分布在100.00~200.00AU/(min·g)的个数较多,而在<100.00AU/(min·g)和>200.00AU/(min·g)范围则分布较少,基本上呈正态分布。[结论]通过育种途径可改善小麦制品颜色褐变的现象。筛选出PPO活性低于100.00AU/(min·g)的46个的墨西哥CIMMYT小麦品种,可作为小麦品质育种的材料。  相似文献   

槲皮素和硫脲对野桑蚕多酚氧化酶的抑制类型     

张永亮  朱勇 《湖北农业科学》2011,(21):4399-4400

多酚氧化酶(Polyphenol oxidase,PPO)在昆虫的变态发育和免疫防御中起着非常重要的作用,为开发以该酶为靶标的新型害虫抑制剂提供理论依据,以野桑蚕(Bombyx mandarina)五龄幼虫为材料提取多酚氧化酶,探讨了槲皮素和硫脲对该酶的抑制作用。结果表明,这两种抑制剂分别属于竞争性和非竞争性抑制剂。  相似文献   

石榴果实酚类物质测定体系优化与不同部位组分及含量测定     

韩玲玲  苑兆和  冯立娟  杨尚尚  朱峰 《山东农业科学》2012,44(11)

以"泰山红"石榴为试材,利用高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)测定成熟期石榴果实中果皮、籽粒和果汁中酚类物质的组分及含量。色谱条件:色谱柱为Kromasil色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-1%乙酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。流速为1.1 ml/min,柱温30℃,检测波长280 nm。结果表明:在石榴皮和石榴籽中检测到13种酚类成分,包括没食子酸、绿原酸、对羟基苯甲酸、表儿茶素、咖啡酸、儿茶素、香草醛、阿魏酸、苯甲酸、根皮苷、槲皮素、肉桂酸、根皮素;在石榴汁中检测到上述12种酚类物质,未检测到表儿茶素。石榴皮中酚类物质的含量最高,其次是石榴汁和石榴籽,其中石榴皮中主要的酸性酚类物质和类黄酮类化合物分别为对羟基苯甲酸(0.828 mg/g)和表儿茶素(0.915 mg/g);石榴汁中分别是对羟基苯甲酸(0.121 mg/g)和儿茶素(0.149 mg/g);石榴籽中分别是咖啡酸(0.026 mg/g)和根皮苷(0.075 mg/g)。  相似文献   

基于线粒体基因标记的太平洋褶柔鱼群体遗传结构及变异分析     

张琴  曹洋铭  陆化杰  刘洋  张忠  方舟  王丛丛 《上海海洋大学学报》2021,30(4):763-769

为科学管理和开发利用太平洋褶柔鱼（Todarodes pacificus）渔业资源,该研究利用线粒体DNA（mtDNA）细胞色素C氧化酶I（CO I）和细胞色素b（Cytb）两种标记基因对西北太平洋褶柔鱼进行群体遗传结构和变异分析。结果显示：得到太平洋褶柔鱼两种基因片段的序列长度分别为465 bp（CO I）和404 bp（Cytb）,分别定义了18和21个单倍型,总体呈现低单倍型多样性（h=0.493、0.479）和低核苷酸多样性（π=0.0013、0.0014）;遗传分化系数（Fst）值均为负值,而分子生物学方差（AMOVA）分析结果表明该群体变异都来源于种内;太平洋褶柔鱼CO I基因序列的Tajima’s D和Fu’s Fs的中性检验D值和Fs值显著偏离0,且二者显著性检验P＜0.01,与Cytb基因标记的群体结果相似。综上,位于东海和日本海海域的太平洋褶柔鱼种群遗传多样性较低,群体间基因交流频繁未出现遗传分化,且变异基本来源于种内,群体大约在1.2万-1.5万年前出现过种群扩张。故建议将太平洋褶柔鱼划分为一个管理单元,以便该渔业资源更加合理的保护与开发利用。  相似文献   

板栗多酚氧化酶性质的研究   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

叶兴乾  张贵平 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2001,19(3):174-178

为解决板栗加工褐变的问题,采用分光光度法对板栗果肉中多酚氧化酶的性质进行了研究,分别求出该酶的适宜温度为40～60 C,最适pH值为4.0和7.0,Vmax=0.93吸光度/min,Km=76.15mmol/L.并探讨了该酶的热稳定性以及抑制剂氯化钠、柠檬酸、四硼酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠和抗坏血酸对酶活力的影响.  相似文献