Effect of surface wettability on germination and gene expression in Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme basidiospores     

L.G. Baker  P. Spaine  S.F. Covert   《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2006,68(4-6):168-175

Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme is an obligate pathogen of pine and oak. Its basidiospores are specifically adapted to recognize and establish infections on the pine host. Depending on environmental cues, the basidiospores can germinate directly, which typically leads to infection of pine, or indirectly, which usually results in formation of secondary basidiospores. We investigated how changes in surface wettability, or hydrophilicity, affect basidiospore germination. When we decreased surface wettability, the direct germination and total germination (direct+indirect) frequencies increased. Additionally, there was a critical threshold between 42% and 54% wettability, at which the basidiospores switched from direct to indirect germination. We conclude that the germination type of C. q. fusiforme basidiospores is influenced by the hydrophilicity of the surface upon which they land. To gain insight into gene expression during basidiospore germination, we made two suppression subtraction hybridization (SSH) libraries enriched for genes expressed during each type of germination. A total of 172 unique gene sequences were recovered from the two expression libraries. Annotation of these libraries indicates that they include several clones that may encode rust-specific or basidiomycete-specific functions.  相似文献   

小麦新品种川麦42抗条锈病性遗传分析   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

张颙  杨武云  彭云良  李俊  郑有良 《植物保护学报》2006,33(3):287-290

条锈病是我国小麦最重要的病害之一,严重威胁小麦生产。川麦42是利用硬粒小麦-节节麦人工合成的高抗条锈病小麦新品种。为明确川麦42抗条锈性遗传基础,将川麦42分别与高感条锈小麦品种绵阳26、绵阳335杂交和回交,获得杂交F1、F2、BC1群体,其中,川麦42×绵阳26、川麦42×绵阳335F2群体分别为208和337株,川麦42/绵阳26//绵阳26、川麦42/绵阳335//绵阳335BC1群体分别为171和216株用于抗性遗传分析。利用条锈菌小种条中32号(CYR32)对抗感杂交的F1、F2和BC1群体接种,结果显示,所有F1代对条中32都表现免疫或高抗,F2代群体中抗∶感分离比例均符合3R∶1S理论比例,BC1群体抗∶感分离比也符合1R∶1S理论比例,说明川麦42对条中32的抗性由1对显性基因控制。  相似文献   

香蕉枯萎病菌生理小种鉴定及其SCAR标记   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

刘景梅  陈霞  王璧生  何自福  彭埃天  蔡曼珊 《植物病理学报》2006,36(1):28-34

 通过室内人工接种蕉类鉴别寄主,对采集于广东蕉区的18个蕉类枯萎病菌菌株进行鉴定,KP021、KP022、GZ981和JL021 4个菌株属Racel,其余14个菌株属Race4,说明广东蕉区同时存在尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型Race1和Race4。用RAPD技术对上述18个菌株进行分析,从200条随机引物中筛选出8条引物可产生生理小种RAPD标记12个,其中标记Racel的8个,标记Race4的4个。对这些RAPD标记带分别进行回收、克隆、测序,根据这些特异片段序列分别设计相应的SCAR引物,通过对18个菌株的PCR扩增检验,有4个RAPD标记成功地转化为SCAR标记,其中Race1-SCAR标记1个、Race4-SCAR标记2个、同时能鉴定出2个小种的SCAR标记1个。应用这4个SCAR标记同时对采自田间的9个病菌分离物进行检测,能够准确地鉴定出广东蕉区的尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型Racel和Race4,这为下一步开展香蕉枯萎病菌生理小种的分子鉴定及各生理小种田间流行动态监测奠定了基础。  相似文献   

香蕉枯萎病菌生理分化研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

叶明珍  张绍升 《植物检疫》2006,20(2):76-79

本研究对香蕉枯萎病菌菌株FOCAAA9（来自香蕉）和FOCABB1（来自粉蕉）进行培养试验和接种试验；在含粉蕉和香蕉组织漫提液的培养基上2个菌株的培养性状、菌丝生长速度、孢子形态、大小型孢子比率和产孢量显示出差异；接种结果FOCAAA9能侵染香蕉（Musa AAA）品种巴西蕉、红香蕉和台蕉引起枯萎病，而FOCABB1对3个香蕉品种无致病性。研究结果表明侵染香蕉和粉蕉的古巴尖镰孢[Fusarium oxysporum f．sp．cubeilse（E．F．Smith）Snyder]存在生理分化现象。  相似文献   

致病杆菌D43菌株产素培养基及发酵条件   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

杨秀芬  邱德文  焦宁宁  刘峥  袁京京 《中国生物防治》2006,22(1):58-62

对致病杆菌产生抗生素的发酵培养基和发酵条件进行了研究，同时对该菌代谢过程pH值、还原糖、总糖、氨基氮与抗生素产量的关系进行了分析。通过筛选，确定了对该菌产素有利的碳源、氮源和无机盐。用正交试验初步确定了该菌产素的最佳发酵培养基和条件为（g／L）：麦芽糖5g，牛肉胨10g，牛肉膏5g，CaCl25g，KNO30．2g。发酵培养基的起始pH值在6．0～8．0、种龄16h、摇瓶装量25—150ml／500ml的条件下，培养72h可获得较高的抗生素产量。产素量与菌代谢过程中pH、还原糖、总糖和氨基氨的变化有一定关系。通过培养基和培养条件的研究使该菌的产抗生素能力提高了46．67％。  相似文献   

拮抗番茄青枯病菌株的筛选及生防试验   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

郑福庆  黄文生 《长江蔬菜》1998,(11):12-13

从广东省不同地方不同作物的根围及根际土壤中筛选到番茄青枯病病菌具抑菌效果的菌株２０个。盆栽试验表明,这些菌株可推心茄青枯病发生１０－３５天,防治效果高达８０％  相似文献   

侧耳属种间有性杂交研究   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5  

陈忠纯  林汝楷 《食用菌学报》1998,5(2):8-12

本试验对阿魏蘑和香平菇（本实验室培育的四倍体侧耳）进行种间有性杂交获得成功,在Ｆ２代中出现广泛的遗传分离,说明种间有性杂交可作食物用菌育种的有效手段,试验还探讨了阿魏蘑的起源问题。  相似文献   

Pathogenic, Genetic and Molecular Characterisation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lilii     

R.P. Baayen  M.G. Förch  C. Waalwijk  P.J.M. Bonants  H.J.M. Löffler  E.J.A. Roebroeck 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(9):887-894

Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from lily were screened for pathogenicity, vegetative compatibility and DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms, and compared to reference isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli and F. oxysporum f.sp. tulipae to justify the distinction of F. oxysporum f.sp. lilii. Twenty-four isolates from different locations in The Netherlands (18 isolates), Italy (4 isolates), Poland and the United States (1 isolate each) shared unique RFLP patterns with probes D4 and pFOM7, while hybridization did not occur with a third probe (F9). Except for a self-incompatible isolate, these 24 isolates all belonged to a single vegetative compatibility group (VCG 0190). Isolates belonging to VCG 0190 were highly pathogenic to lily, but not to gladiolus or tulip, except for a single nonpathogenic isolate. Six saprophytic isolates of F. oxysporum from lily were nonpathogenic or only slightly aggressive to lily, gladiolus and tulip, belonged to unique VCGs and had distinct RFLP patterns. Three pathogenic isolates previously considered to belong to F. oxysporum f.sp. lilii were identified as F. proliferatum var. minus; all three belonged to the same VCG and shared unique RFLP patterns. These three isolates were moderately pathogenic to lily and nonpathogenic to gladiolus and tulip. The reference isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. tulipae were pathogenic to tulip, but not to lily and gladiolus; they shared a distinct RFLP pattern, different from those encountered among pathogenic and saprophytic isolates from lily, and formed a separate new VCG (VCG 0230). Reference isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli belonging to VCG 0340 proved pathogenic to both gladiolus and lily, but not to tulip. These isolates, as well as isolates belonging to VCGs 0341, 0342 and 0343 of F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli, had RFLP patterns different from those encountered among the isolates from lily or tulip. These findings identify F. oxysporum f.sp. lilii as a single clonal lineage, distinct from F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli and f.sp. tulipae.  相似文献   

Host genotype- and temperature-dependent colonizationof In vitro carnation callus cultures byFusarium oxysporum f.sp.dianthi race 2     

A. Scala  S. Tegli  V. Goggioli  C. Lagazio 《Phytoparasitica》1998,26(3):213-222

Differentin vivo resistance/susceptibility levels of 14 carnation cultivars toFusarium oxysporum f.sp.dianthi race 2, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease of carnation, were also expressed in anin vitro system and assayed as the degree of fungal colonization of callus cultures at 20° C. Temperature influenced thein vitro expression of carnation resistance. An incubation temperature of 27° C increased the colonization of calli derived from both the susceptible (‘Corrida’ and ‘Ambra’) and the resistant (‘Pulcino’ and ‘Pallas’) cultivars. At 15°C, the colonization of calli derived from Pulcino and Pallas diminished significantly more than for Ambra and Corrida. Inhibition of fungal growth on resistant calli was correlated to retardation in hyphal development. Both scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy observations showed that hyphae did not penetrate into carnation cells.  相似文献   

稻田蜘蛛对弹尾虫的功能反应及选择作用   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10  

庞保平  程家安  王启法 《植物保护学报》1998,25(3):193-196

作者在室内研究了拟环纹豹蛛和草间小黑蛛对弹尾虫的功能反应和选择作用。结果表明,两种蜘蛛对弹尾虫的功能反应均为Ⅱ型反应,并存在极显著的差异,拟环纹豹蛛对弹尾虫的功能反应明显强于草间小黑蛛,其对弹尾虫的控制作用（ａ／Ｔｈ＝３９．７５８）是草间不黑蛛（１３．０３１）的３倍左右。弹尾虫和白背飞虱共存时,两种蜘蛛的功能反应变为Ⅲ型反应,并对弹尾虫都具有明显的偏好性,弹尾虫的存在降低了两种蜘蛛对白背飞虱的捕食  相似文献