雪花梨树干液流特征及其与环境因子的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李军  刘春鹏  张利民  郭延朋  王玉峰 《河北林果研究》2011,26(3):293-297,303

采用热扩散茎流计法对雪花梨的树干液流进行了研究。结果表明,雪花梨树干边材液流曲线呈宽峰状,表现出明显的昼夜变化和季节变化规律,其变化规律和气象因子关系密切,特别是大气温度、空气湿度和辐射强度,土壤水分则主要从耗水总量角度去影响树干液流。  相似文献   

Genetic resources in apple,pear and vineyard peach populations in former Yugoslavia     

Dinka Vujanič-Varga  V. Ognjanov  Jelica Balaž  Ksenija Macet  Marija Krstič 《Euphytica》1994,77(1-2):155-159

Summary During the period 1988–90, several germplasm collecting trips were made to all republics of former Yugoslavia. A total of 56 old apple cultivars, many of which are represented in up to 5 types, 38 old pear cultivars and 367 genotypes of vineyard peaches were collected. The availability of so much genetic and genotypic wealth made it possible to start apple disease resistance breeding and peach cultivar and rootstock breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Pear mutagenesis: In vitro treatment with gamma-rays and field selection for vegetative form traits   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

S. Predieri  M. Magli  R.H. Zimmerman 《Euphytica》1997,93(2):227-237

In vitro shoots of four pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars, 'Conference', 'Doyenné d'Hiver', 'Passe Crassane' and 'Bartlett', were irradiated with gamma rays (3.5 Gy). Around 1000 microcuttings of each cultivar were treated. After three subcultures, microcuttings from both the irradiated shoots and additional non-irradiated shoots were rooted; plants obtained were used to establish a survey orchard in Ostellato (Ferrara), Italy. For the first 2 years in the field, growth and survival were observed, but no data were collected. Subsequently, field surveys were conducted to characterize the population and identify mutants for vegetative traits. Trees that showed phenotypic evidence of vegetative growth characteristics more desirable than those shown by the overall population and by control plants were selected and measured for three years. Traits used for selection were small tree size, wide branch angle and short internodes. Frequencies of variants with compact habit varied with cultivars from 0.5% to 2.7% of irradiated trees. Effect of mutagenic treatment and efficacy of the selection methods are discussed.  相似文献   

Fruit thinning in ‘Conference’ pear grown under deficit irrigation: Implications for fruit quality at harvest and after cold storage     

Gerardo Lopez  Christian Larrigaudière  Joan Girona  M. Hossein Behboudian  Jordi Marsal 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Fruit thinning in pear is feasible for mitigation of water stress effects. However, it is not well known how fruit quality at harvest and after cold storage is affected by pre-harvest water stress. Even less is known about the effects of fruit thinning on quality under these circumstances. To elucidate these, we applied deficit irrigation (DI) and fruit thinning treatments to ‘Conference’ pear over the growing seasons of 2008 and 2009. At the onset of Stage II (80 and 67 days before harvest in 2008 and 2009, respectively), two irrigation treatments were applied: full irrigation (FI) and DI. FI trees received 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). DI trees received no irrigation during the first three weeks of Stage II to induce water stress, but then received 20% of ETc to ensure tree survival. From bud-break until the onset of Stage II and during post-harvest, FI and DI trees received 100% of ETc. Each irrigation treatment received two thinning levels: no thinning leaving commercial crop load (∼180 fruits tree⁻¹), and hand-thinning at the onset of Stage II leaving a light crop load (∼85 fruits tree⁻¹). Under commercial crop loads, DI trees were moderately water-stressed and this had some positive effects on fruit quality. DI increased fruit firmness (FF), soluble solids concentrations (SSC) and acidity at harvest while no changes were observed in fruit maturity (based on ethylene production). Differences in FF and acidity at harvest between FI and DI fruit were maintained during cold storage. DI also reduced fruit weight loss during storage. But fruit size was reduced under DI. Fruit thinning under DI resulted in better fruit composition with no detrimental effect on fresh-market yield compared to un-thinned fruit. Fruit size at harvest and SSC values after five months of cold storage were higher in fruit from thinned trees than fruit from un-thinned trees. Fruit thinning increased fruit ethylene production, indicating advanced maturity. This may lead to earlier harvest which is desirable in years with impending drought. Fruit thinning is therefore a useful technique to enhance pear marketability under water shortage.  相似文献   

Methods for evaluating fruit characters and incorporation in a final index in the Norwegian pear breeding programme     

S. H. Hjeltnes 《Euphytica》1994,77(1-2):55-58

Summary In the Norwegian pear breeding programme selection is based on evaluation of 20 fruit samples together with field observations of precocity, productivity and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors. Fruit weight is recorded in grams, and then transformed to a scale of 20 gram classes. Appearance, shelf life and flavour are recorded on a 0 to 9 scale, and observations of shelf life and flavour are made at 4 defined intervals following ripening at 20 °C. The final index is made by summarizing the scores of fruit size and appearance, mean score of internal breakdown, mean score of flavour, maximum score of flavour and scores of precocity, productivity and resistance. All parameters, except mean flavour, are given a weighting of one, mean fruit flavour is given a weighting of 2. Data for 160 seedlings evaluated in 1992 is presented.  相似文献   

杜梨果实挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

吴瑛  赵小亮 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(19):5659-5660

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从杜梨果实中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱法对化学成分进行鉴定。共分离出50个峰,确定了其中的49种,所鉴定化合物的含量占全油的78.85%,18种化合物占总挥发油的62.51%,得到的挥发油为淡黄色油状物,具有浓郁的芳香气味。  相似文献   

8个中国梨品种S基因型的分子鉴定     

梁文杰  谭晓风  张琳  曾艳玲  姜傲芳  曹玉芬  李秀根 《果树学报》2007,24(6):757-760

为鉴定8个中国梨品种的S基因型,使用梨自交不亲和基因(S-RNase)特异引物"FTQQYQ"和"anti-ⅡWP-NV",对8个梨品种的基因组DNA进行特异扩增,并对扩增片段进行回收、克隆、测序。使用生物信息学软件对各序列分析和经同源性搜索分析后,确定了各品种的S基因型。结果分别是:兰州花长把为S19S22,青面为S1S18,黄面为S1S12,早蜜为S19S29,大面黄为S1S19,无子黄为S28S16,大青皮为S34S19及金锤子为S16S19。  相似文献   

砂梨山梨醇转运蛋白(SOT)基因家族成员表达特性及在果实糖积累中的作用初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

戴美松  徐飞  施泽彬  徐昌杰 《园艺学报》2015,42(8):1457-1461

山梨醇转运蛋白(SOT)是植物山梨醇运输的关键载体。参考已公布的白梨基因组数据,应用RNA-seq技术在砂梨果肉中鉴别出22个有表达的山梨醇转运蛋白(SOT)基因家族成员,其中10个高表达成员的表达量之和占总表达量的92%。q RT-PCR分析表明上述10个成员的表达存在明显的组织特异性,所有成员在种子中的表达丰度最低;Ppy SOT8在所有组织和器官中都有不同程度表达;Ppy SOT26仅在幼叶中有一定表达。在果实发育期间Ppy SOT2、Ppy SOT8、Ppy SOT10/28和Ppy SOT33的相对表达丰度与果实山梨醇积累呈现良好相关性。4℃贮藏期间果实山梨醇含量趋于下降,与Ppy SOT3、Ppy SOT4、Ppy SOT8、Ppy SOT25、Ppy SOT32和Ppy SOT33表达上调相关。  相似文献   

杜梨类钙调磷酸酶B亚基蛋白基因PbCBL2的克隆和功能初探     

李慧  李刚波  丛郁  常有宏  蔺经  盛宝龙 《园艺学报》2013,40(8):1445-1455

 类钙调磷酸酶B亚基蛋白（Calcineurin B-like protein,CBLs）是植物中一类重要的钙离子传感器,参与调控植物生长发育及逆境胁迫响应过程。为了探明杜梨CBLs家族成员PbCBL2的序列特征和表达模式,以杜梨（Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge）幼苗为试材,运用EST搜索结合RACE技术、染色体步移法对PbCBL2的cDNA、DNA和启动子进行克隆,采用半定量RT-PCR和原核表达研究该基因在非生物胁迫下的表达模式。结果表明,PbCBL2基因cDNA序列长681 bp,编码一个含有226个氨基酸残基的蛋白。基因组DNA序列长1 927 bp,包括8个外显子和7个内含子,启动子序列包含光反应元件、厌氧诱导必需顺式作用元件、赤霉素反应元件和水杨酸响应顺式作用元件。PbCBL2编码的多肽具有植物类钙调磷酸酶B亚基蛋白结合Ca²⁺所必需的4个EF手型结构和1个典型的植物钙调磷酸酶A亚基结合位点。未经处理的杜梨幼苗（对照）根和叶中未检测到PbCBL2的表达,PbCBL2的表达受NaCl、PEG6000、甘露醇和ABA诱导上调。PbCBL2转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）后,能够明显减轻NaCl、甘露醇和PEG6000对该菌株的生长抑制。PbCBL2基因具备植物CBLs基因家族的固有特征,对盐碱、干旱、渗透胁迫和ABA处理均存在转录响应,大肠杆菌转入该基因后能够提高对盐胁迫和渗透胁迫的耐受能力。  相似文献   

梨属植物中天然活性物质的研究进展     

曲建辉  杜彬  杨越冬 《河北农业技术师范学院学报》2013,(3):37-42

对梨属植物中天然活性物质的提取方法、分离纯化、化学成分和生理活性等方面的研究进行了综述,对梨属植物中天然活性物质的未来研究方向进行了展望.  相似文献