分子标记在花生中的应用现状及前景   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

丁锦平  周瑞阳  高国庆  邱长玉 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(9):3557-3559

分子标记反映了DNA分子的多态性,可以作为研究生物遗传变异和进化关系的重要手段。介绍了常用分子标记技术的原理、方法、特点及其在花生上的应用现状,同时展望了分子标记技术在花生上的应用前景。  相似文献   

Characterization of RAPD Markers, and the RFLP Marker Linked to Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Derived from Different Accessions of H. villosa     

LI Hui  CHEN Xiao  SHI Ai-nong  KONG Fan-jing  S Leath  J P Murphy  JIA Xu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2005,4(2)

The analysis was carried out on performance of the resistance gene from Haynaldia villosa accession of the former Soviet Union to different isolates of Bluemerie graminis. Polymorphisms were revealed between 6D/6V substitution line Pm930640and its pedigree parents using five RAPD markers of OPAN031700, OPAI017oo, OPAL03750, OPAD07480 and OPAG1558oscreened out from 120 random 10-mers primers. Three RAPD markers of OPAN03, OPAI01 and OPAL03 were linked with the resistance gene by analysis of F2 population of Chancellor×Pm930640. Analysis of 29 wheat lines including part of lines conferring the known genes from Pm1 to Pm20 respectively, lines conferring resistance gene from two H. villosaaccessions and the related wheat parents, were analyzed and the results showed that these markers not only linked to thegene resistant to powdery mildew from H. villosa, but also detected different genetic backgrounds. OPAL03750 can beused as the marker to distinguish the different resistant lines from two H. villosa accessions because it was only observedin the materials from H. villosa of the former Soviet Union. RFLP analysis also showed the polymorphisms between twoH. villosa accessions and their derived resistant lines.  相似文献   

瓯江彩鲤线粒体DNA的限制性内切酶分析     

王成辉  李思发  徐志彬  项松平  王剑  段江萍 《上海海洋大学学报》2002,(1):14-18

用 13种限制性内切酶对瓯江彩鲤的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)进行RFLP分析 ,结果表明 :(1)共产生 18种限制性态型 ,其中 5种酶产生限制性片段长度多态性 (RFLPs) ,归结为 5种基因单倍型。 (2 )瓯江彩鲤mtDNA大小为 16 .6 0± 0 .15kb ,单倍型间的基因多样性指数和群体核苷酸多样性指数分别为 0 .75 17、0 .0 2 86 ,遗传多样性较丰富  相似文献   

鸡粪菌渣好氧堆肥过程中氨氧化古菌及氨氧化细菌群落的动态变化   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

邱珊莲  张少平  翁伯琦  罗涛  林霜霜  何炎森 《农业环境科学学报》2016,35(3):573-583

以amo A基因为标记,通过Real-Time PCR和限制性片段长度多态性(Restriction fragment length polymorphism,RFLP)法对鸡粪菌渣好氧堆肥过程中的氨氧化古菌(Ammonia-oxidizing archaea,AOA)和氨氧化细菌(Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,AOB)进行了丰度及群落结构的分析。结果表明,在堆制初期、好氧发酵高温期及后熟期,AOB的amo A基因丰度均占主导优势,是AOA的38~992倍。进入好氧发酵高温期,AOA amo A基因丰度下降至发酵前的0.9%,AOB下降至17.6%,后熟期AOA与AOB的amo A基因丰度与好氧发酵高温期相当。在上述3个阶段AOA与AOB各自存在一个绝对优势菌群,分别为Cluster 3和Nitrosomonas europaea,其中Cluster 3克隆子数目分别占整个克隆文库的70.73%、54.28%、72.45%,Nitrosomonas europaea克隆子数目分别占整个克隆文库的78.44%、93.20%、94.27%。堆肥3个阶段AOA的多样性指数变化不大,Shannon-Wiener值维持在1.53~1.60,但群落结构发生明显演替,随着堆肥温度升高,堆肥前期的一些菌群(Cluster 4、Cluster 5、Cluster 6)逐渐消失,新的菌群Cluster 1出现并成为堆肥中后期的第二大优势菌群。AOB无论是多样性指数还是群落组成,都发生剧烈的变化。AOB在堆肥前期Shannon-Wiener指数值最大(1.47),种群数最多(6个基因簇,分别为Nitrosomonas europaea Cluster,Nitrosomonas halophila Cluster,Nitrosomonas communis Cluster,Nitrosomonas nitrosa Cluster,Nitrosospira briensis Cluster,Nitrosospira multiformis Cluster);进入高温发酵期,Shannon-Wiener下降至0.45,群落结构单一,只有Nitrosomonas europaea Cluster和Nitrosomonas halophila Cluster;进入后熟期,AOB多样性及种群数得到一定程度的回升。  相似文献   

水稻细胞质雄性不育恢复系ZSP-1恢复基因的初步定位   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

杨存义  陈乐天  陈芳远  刘耀光 《华南农业大学学报》2002,23(4):30-33

调查了用细胞质雄性不育新恢复系ZSP－1配制的杂交组合珍汕97A／ZSP－1和星A－ZSP－1的F1的结实率及F2个体花粉育性，发现恢复系ZSP－1的恢复性是由2对独立遗传基因控制。在此基础上，选用了与野败型雄性不育恢复基因Rf-3和Rf-4紧密连锁的RFLP标记对2个F2群体进行连锁分析，发现ZSP－1具有的2个恢复基因与这些标记紧密连锁，初步把ZSP－1的恢复基因定位于Rf-3和Rf-4区域。  相似文献   

湖羊BMPR-IB、BMP15和GDF9基因的RFLP分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴丽丽  赵晓枫  张立凡  陈哲  徐宁迎 《中国草食动物》2011,31(4):9-12

以BMPR-IB、BMP15、GDF9基因作为湖羊多胎性状候选基因,采用PCR-RFLP技术检测了53只湖羊上述候选基因的单核苷酸多态性。结果表明:湖羊BMPR-IB基因的FecB位点只存在BB和+B两种基因型,二者的基因型频率分别为0.981 1和0.018 9;B等位基因为绝对优势等位基因,基因频率为0.990 6。未检测到BMP15基因的B4(FecXB)突变和GDF9基因的G8(FecGH)突变。因此,推测BMPR-IB基因的FecB位点是湖羊多胎性的主效基因,而BMP15基因和GDF9基因与湖羊群产羔数关系不大。研究结果同时反映了所测湖羊群体是一个高度纯化的宝贵绵羊品种资源。  相似文献   

俄罗斯木质包装中杨树伞滑刃线虫的鉴定     

顾建锋  王江岭  邹国庆  董爱民 《植物检疫》2011,(3)

宁波口岸从来自俄罗斯的杨树木质包装中截获一种伞滑刃线虫,经形态学和分子生物学研究,鉴定为杨树伞滑刃线虫。该线虫与伪伞滑刃线虫十分近似,主要鉴定特征是:阴门盖明显腹弯,近阴门盖后半部的虫体明显凹陷;雄虫交合刺近远端边缘平直,无明显凹陷,远端盘状突十分显著;雌虫尾亚圆柱形或近圆锥形,尾端多数呈多变的尾尖突状,偶尔几乎钝圆。该线虫人工培养后雌虫尾形多数介于圆柱形和圆锥形之间,这与原始文献的报道有差异。这是我国口岸首次截获该线虫。  相似文献   

Method for rapid detection of the PvCesA3 gene allele conferring resistance to mandipropamid, a carboxylic acid amide fungicide, in Plasmopara viticola populations     

Aoki Y  Furuya S  Suzuki S 《Pest management science》2011,67(12):1557-1561

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of carboxylic acid amide (CAA)‐fungicide‐resistant Plasmopara viticola populations is becoming a serious problem in the control of grapevine downy mildew worldwide. RESULTS: The authors have developed a method, which utilises PCR‐RFLP, for the rapid detection of resistance to the CAA fungicide mandipropamid in P. viticola populations. With this method, a glycine‐to‐serine substitution at codon 1105 of the cellulose synthase gene PvCesA3 of CAA‐fungicide‐resistant P. viticola was easily detected, although no resistant P. viticola was detected from 398 isolates in Japan. CONCLUSION: It is proposed that the PCR‐RFLP method is a reliable tool for the rapid detection of CAA‐fungicide‐resistant P. viticola isolates. Only 4 h was required from the sampling of symptoms to the phenotyping of fungicide resistance. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

RFLP analysis of Aegilops species belonging to the Sitopsis section     

Debora Giorgi  Renato D'Ovidio  Oronzo A. Tanzarella  Enrico Porceddu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2002,49(2):145-151

The phylogenetic relationships among theAegilops species belonging to the Sitopsis section were investigated using RFLP (restriction-fragment-length polymorphism) analysis. Twenty-five probes, each of which hybridised to oneor more restriction fragments located in the B-genomechromosomes of cultivated wheats, were used. At least one and in most cases two fragments were located in every B genome chromosome arm. Adendrogram derived from a cluster analysis of the complete RFLP dataset showed a subdivision of the species belonging to the Sitopsis section into one group comprising the species of the Truncata subsection and another group comprised of the species of theEmarginata subsection. Dendrograms also were produced using RFLP data from loci located in different combinations of only three chromosomes, and some of these showed different subdivisions of the species. This demonstrates the importance in obtaining reliable classification data of using probes that detect loci evenly distributed in the genome and located in each chromosomearm.  相似文献   

A duplex-PCR bioassay to detect a Trichoderma virens biocontrol isolate in non-sterile soil     

Sarah L. Dodd  Alison Stewart 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2004,36(12):1955-1965

This paper describes the identification and utilisation of a sequence-characterised amplified region (SCAR) marker specific for the Trichoderma virens biocontrol isolate GV4. The marker was developed from a RAPD-PCR amplification product unique to isolate GV4. When used as a hybridisation probe in Southern blot analysis, it hybridised to the DNA of the species T. virens alone and not to that of other Trichoderma species or closely related genera Gliocladium and Verticillium. The marker also produced a GV4-specific RFLP, distinguishing it from other T. virens isolates when probed to blots with HindII, BamHI or PstI genomic DNA digests. Primers designed from the sequence of the RAPD marker produced a diagnostic amplification product of 346 bp for GV4 alone, distinguishing it from all other test isolates. With the exception of one, test isolates did not produce an amplification product with the SCAR primers. The exception was a single Verticillium psalliotae isolate (ICMP5509) that produced a product of approx. 400 bp that was easily distinguished from the 346 bp product of GV4. The reliability of the SCAR-based diagnostic test was further improved with the introduction of a positive PCR reaction control to each test, achieved by converting the test to a duplex PCR system. Two universal primers flanking the two ITS and the 5.8S region of the ribosomal gene complex were introduced to each reaction to provide a test for PCR reaction inhibitors to eliminate false negatives in the diagnosis. Amplification of this multi-copy genomic region did not reduce diagnostic sensitivity of the single copy SCAR marker. To further increase the sensitivity of detecting GV4 propagules while maintaining a fast sample assessment assay, soil was amended with cornmeal, as a nutrient source, and a mix of antibiotics to favour Trichoderma growth. The soil mix was subsequently incubated for 5 d before total DNA was extracted. Under these conditions, the duplex soil PCR assay detected GV4 down to a concentration of 10 spores g⁻¹ soil in non-sterile agricultural field soil. This study is the first to report the use of a duplex-PCR diagnostic bioassay for a species within the Hypocrea/Trichoderma genus.  相似文献