长柄石杉中石杉碱甲的含量测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张敬杰  李齐激  潘炉台 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(2):726+757

[目的]建立HPLC法测定长柄石杉中石杉碱甲的含量。[方法]色谱条件:色谱柱为ZORBAX Extend-C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,4.5μm),流动相为乙腈-浓度0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(8∶92,V/V),检测波长为310 nm,柱温为25℃,流速为1 ml/min,进样量为10μl。[结果]石杉碱甲在0.046～0.460μg/ml浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(R=0.999 9),平均回收率为97.45%,RSD为2.70%,平均含量为0.025%。[结论]该方法简单、易行,可用于长柄石杉中石杉碱甲的含量测定。  相似文献   

青蟹对蛋白质和脂肪的需求     

王悦  胡嘉雯  王秀娟  王文基  吴玉波  方怀义 《饲料研究》2019,(6):27-30

在室内养殖水槽进行59 d的饲养试验以确定青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)适宜的蛋白质和脂肪需求。采用4×2的双因素的试验方法,设计4种蛋白水平(34%、38%、42%和46%)和2种脂肪水平(6%和10%)。试验锯缘青蟹初始均重为(44.5±5.1)g,每组3个重复,每个重复放养15只青蟹。结果显示,在相同脂肪水平下,饲喂42%和46%蛋白组青蟹终末体重相对高于34%和38%饲料组;在相同蛋白质水平下,饲喂6%和10%脂肪组青蟹的终末体重不存在显著差异(P>0.05);青蟹的形态学参数和生化组成不受饲料蛋白质和脂肪水平的影响。研究结果显示,青蟹饲料中最适的蛋白质和脂肪需求分别为42%~46%和6%~10%。  相似文献   

应用高通量测序技术分析拟穴青蟹肠道及其养殖环境菌群结构   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王贤丰  赵艳飞  宋志飞  钟声平  黄国强  童潼  聂振平  苏琼  杨家林 《中国水产科学》2017,24(6):1245-1253

采用基于Illumina Hi Seq测序平台的高通量测序技术,对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)肠道及其养殖池塘水体、底泥中细菌种类及丰度进行了研究。测序结果显示,3个样品共获得有效序列234575条,可聚类于2812个分类操作单元(OTUs),归属于拟穴青蟹肠道、养殖水体、池塘底泥样品的操作分类单元(OTU)个数分别为453、706和2547,其中有184个OTU均能在3个样品中检测到,在青蟹肠道和养殖水体、青蟹肠道和池塘底泥中分别检测到197和309个共有OTU。物种注释结果显示,拟穴青蟹肠道中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(39.96%)、柔膜菌门(Tenericutes)(23.09%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(16.58%);养殖水体中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(63.02%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(24.96%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(8.41%);池塘底泥中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(75.23%)、拟杆菌门(5.72%)和放线菌门(3.83%)。此外,对各样品中丰度最高的前10位OTU分析显示,不同样品中占优势地位的10种细菌在数据库(SILVA)缺乏相关已知序列,并且各样品中的优势细菌种类完全不同。实验结果表明拟穴青蟹肠道与其池塘养殖环境中菌群结构存在着密切的相关性,但肠道菌群同时具有一定的独立性,其优势细菌种类与养殖环境中优势细菌种类无关。本研究旨在为拟穴青蟹健康养殖和微生态调控提供实验依据。  相似文献   

饲料蛋白质水平对拟穴青蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分和消化酶活性的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

董兰芳  童潼  张琴  许明珠  苏琼  聂振平  杨家林  谢达  林凤 《中国水产科学》2017,24(3):524-532

用蛋白质水平分别为31.45%,36.37%,41.55%,46.13%,51.72%和56.86%的6种等能饲料,对初始体重为(11.86?0.11)mg的拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)幼蟹进行为期3周的养殖实验,考察饲料蛋白质水平对拟穴青蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分以及消化酶活性的影响,以期获得拟穴青蟹幼蟹饲料蛋白质的适宜添加量。结果表明,饲料蛋白质水平对拟穴青蟹幼蟹的成活率影响不显著(P0.05);幼蟹的增重率和特定生长率随饲料蛋白质水平的提高先显著升高(P0.05)后稍有下降,最大值出现在蛋白质水平为51.72%的实验组;随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,幼蟹粗蛋白质含量显著升高(P0.05)后趋于稳定,粗脂肪含量显著降低(P0.05),灰分含量先显著升高(P0.05)后显著降低(P0.05),水分含量则没有显著变化(P0.05);随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,幼蟹蛋白酶活性显著升高(P0.05),淀粉酶活性显著降低(P0.05),各组脂肪酶活性也有显著差异(P0.05),但没有明显的变化规律。本研究条件下,饲料蛋白质水平在41.55%~56.86%,拟穴青蟹幼蟹均表现出较好的生长率,增重率和蛋白质水平的回归分析表明,幼蟹饲料蛋白质适宜水平为49.03%。  相似文献   

一种筛选无青蟹呼肠孤病毒(MCRV)种蟹的荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法及其应用          下载免费PDF全文

储旭  房文红  刘志强  周俊芳  李信书  李新苍 《渔业科学进展》2023,44(5):172-181

  相似文献   

温度对拟穴青蟹循环水养殖系统微生物群落结构的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

罗金飞  廖永岩  李书迪  冯国禄 《中国水产科学》2020,27(4):393-405

为探究温度对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)循环养殖水体中微生物群落的影响,深入理解环境因子与养殖水体微生物群落之间的相关性。在水温分别为18℃、22℃、26℃、30℃和32℃的循环养殖系统中进行拟穴青蟹养殖,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对不同温度下的养殖水体微生物群落组成进行分析。结果表明:(1) Alpha多样性指数显示5组水样中细菌群落多样性指数大小为t26t22t30t32t18,物种丰度大小为t22t26t32t30t18。温度可以导致养殖水体中微生物群落多样性发生变化,但并未发现二者之间直接的相关性。(2) 5种温度下的养殖系统中细菌群落共有31门、43纲、94目、185科和351属,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为循环养殖水体中绝对优势菌门。在养殖系统水温为26℃时,养殖水体中氮磷污染物含量相对较高,其水中脱氮除磷菌属的相对丰度也显著高于其他4组。(3)由花瓣图和UPGMA聚类分析图进行相似性分析可知,水体微生物群落对温度的变化有着良好的响应, 5组水样的细菌群落结构总体相似性较低,其中最高温度32℃和最低温度18℃的水体中细菌群落结构最为相似。(4)水体中微生物群落结构和与环境因子的相关性分析显示,氮磷营养盐中的总磷(TP)和硝酸盐(NO3–-N)对水中微生物群落特征具有显著性影响,而温度是导致养殖水体中氮磷营养盐差异化的主要原因。上述研究结果初步解释了温度对拟穴青蟹循环养殖水微生物群落的作用机制,为下一步深入研究拟穴青蟹循环水养殖系统中环境变化与微生物的相互关系提供参考。  相似文献   

Mud crab pen culture: replacement of fish feed requirement and impacts on mangrove community structure     

Jurgenne H Primavera  Joseph B Binas  Giselle P B Samonte‐Tan  Ma Junemie J Lebata  Veronica R Alava  Mark Walton  Lewis LeVay 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(8):1211-1220

Brackishwater pond culture has been a major factor in mangrove loss in Southeast Asia, hence, the need to develop environment‐friendly technologies such as mud crab Scylla (Portunidae) culture in mangrove pens exists. This study evaluated the effects of mud crab netpen systems in central Philippines on mangrove macroflora, and the replacement of dietary fish with low‐cost pellets. Wild or hatchery‐sourced Scylla olivacea and Scylla serrata were stocked at 0.5–0.8 m⁻² in 167–200 m² nylon netpens (2.3 cm stretched mesh) in Avicennia‐dominated mangrove habitats. The feeding treatments were: (A) Zarraga: (1) no feeding (natural productivity), (2) no feeding for 1 month+supplementary feeding, (3) fish biomass and (4) low‐cost pellets, and (B) Batan: (1) fish biomass and (2) pellets+fish biomass. Feeds were given ad libitum twice daily. Growth and survival rates of S. olivacea in Zarraga pens were not significantly different among treatments, although crabs fed fish biomass had the highest survival, body weight and production. Similarly, growth and survival of S. serrata were not significantly different between the Batan treatments. Economic analysis of the latter gave a 38.5% return on investment (ROI) and 2.6 years payback period (PP) for pellets+fish biomass treatment compared with 27.5% ROI and 3.6 years PP for fish alone. Sensitivity analysis showed an improved economic performance of the pellets+fish biomass treatment by increasing the survival rate. Evaluation of mangrove community structure showed that crab culture reduced species diversity, numbers and biomass of seedlings and saplings, but not of mangrove trees. Therefore, mud crab pen culture is recommended for mangrove sites with mature trees, but not seedlings and saplings, and low‐cost pellets can reduce dependence on fish biomass.  相似文献   

Characterization of Aquimarina hainanensis isolated from diseased mud crab Scylla serrata larvae in a hatchery     

Yuki Midorikawa  Tomohito Shimizu  Tetsuya Sanda  Katsuyuki Hamasaki  Shigeki Dan  Mohammad Tamrin Bin Mohamad Lal  Goshi Kato  Motohiko Sano 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(5):541-549

Mass mortality due to necrosis signs occurred in hatchery-reared zoea stage larvae of the mud crab Scylla serrata in Okinawa, Japan, and a causative bacterium was isolated. In this study, we identified and characterized the bacterium by genome analysis, biochemical properties and pathogenicity. The bacterium was a Gram-negative, non-motile, long rod, forming yellow colonies on a marine agar plate. It grew at 20–33°C (not at 37°C) and degraded chitin and gelatin. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence identified the bacterium as Aquimarina hainanensis. Genome sequence data obtained from Illumina MiSeq generated 29 contigs with 3.56 Mbp in total length and a G + C content of 32.5%. The predicted 16 chitinase genes, as putative virulence factors, had certain homologies with those of genus Aquimarina. Experimental infection with the bacterium conducted on larvae of four crustacean species, brine shrimp Artemia franciscana, freshwater shrimp Caridina multidentata, swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus and mud crab S. serrata, revealed that this bacterium was highly virulent to these species. The present study suggests that the bacterium caused mass mortality in mud crab seed production was A. hainanensis and can be widely pathogenic to crustaceans.  相似文献   

拟穴青蟹不同发育时期胚胎基因表达的内参基因的筛选   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吕梁  张子平  万海付  孙玉龙  王艺磊 《中国水产科学》2019,26(3):457-464

为获得适用于研究拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)不同发育时期胚胎基因表达的内参基因,本研究采用3个内参基因筛选软件geNorm、NormFinder及BestKeeper对微管蛋白α1A(Tuba1a)、核糖体蛋白L13(Rpl13)、泛素(UBQ)、核糖体蛋白S6激酶(Rps6)、精氨酸激酶(Ak)、3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(gapdh)、28S核糖体RNA(28S)、18S核糖体RNA(18S)和延伸因子1A基因(EF-1α)等9个常用候选内参基因在拟穴青蟹不同发育时期胚胎的表达稳定性进行分析。geNorm分析表明, EF-1α和Rpl13的表达稳定性最高,并且采用2个内参基因同时校正目标基因的定量结果可以达到最优效果; NormFinder分析表明, gapdh和EF-1α是9个候选内参基因中表达最稳定的; BestKeeper分析表明,gapdh的标准偏差和变异系数是9个候选基因中最低的。综合3个内参基因筛选软件,可以选用EF-1α,或选用EF-1α和gapdh双内参同时校正拟穴青蟹不同胚胎发育时期各基因的表达情况。  相似文献   

Quality assessment of newly hatched mud crab,Scylla serrata,larvae          下载免费PDF全文

Emilia T Quinitio  Joana Joy dela Cruz‐Huervana  Fe D Parado‐Estepa 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(1):75-80

Starvation and exposure to formalin were investigated as possible stress tests for evaluating the quality of mud crab, Scylla serrata, larvae. For the starvation stress test, newly hatched zoeae stocked in 150‐ml containers were either starved or fed rotifers. Similarly, newly hatched zoeae were stocked in containers with seawater of 0 (control), 20, 30 and 40 mg/L formalin for the formalin stress test. The zoeae from the same batches were used for seed production to monitor their performance and validate the results of stress tests. Starvation was found to be unsuitable for larval quality evaluation. However, the impact of initial food deprivation on the newly hatched larvae indicates that feeding immediately after hatching is necessary for mud crab larvae. Exposure of larvae to 40 mg/L formalin for 3 hr appeared to be a reliable and practical method for larval quality assessment as the survival of larvae in the mass production tanks validated the classification of good and poor quality batches in the stress tests. On this basis, a hatchery operator can decide which batch should be cultured further. Finally, there appears to be a link between the quality of larvae and the performance at the megalopa and early juvenile crabs.  相似文献