春季干旱对金冠苹果不同部位叶片衰老和脱落的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

伏健民  束怀瑞 《果树学报》1993,(2)

春季不同部位叶片发育差异大.而且呈明显规律性.轻度干旱促进各类叶片成熟;严重干旱使长枝基部叶和短枝叶急剧衰老、游离氨基酸积累、内源乙烯大量释放、叶片脱落,但对长枝中部叶的发育影响不大;能促进长枝上部叶的成熟.可见,春季干旱落叶是衰老的结果.春季干旱,对不同部位叶片衰老和脱落的影响与其自身发育的差异有关,因此形成了春季干旱落叶的局部性.  相似文献   

镍对大豆离体叶片衰老的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

张治安  王振民  徐克章 《中国油料作物学报》2005,27(2):46-50

为探明镍对大豆离体叶片衰老的作用效果,研究了0.5、1.0、1.5、3.0μmol/L的Ni2 处理大豆离体叶片,结果表明,大豆离体叶片在衰老过程中,蛋白质、叶绿素、抗坏血酸(AsA)和还原型谷光苷肽(GSH)含量显著降低;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(AsA-POD)活性明显下降;脂质过氧化作用加剧,丙二醛(MDA)含量和阴离子超氧自由基(O2-·)产生速率明显升高.Ni2 处理能显著延缓蛋白质和叶绿素的降解,提高了上述保护酶活性和抗氧化剂AsA、GSH含量;使MDA含量和O2-·产生速率下降,从而减轻细胞膜脂过氧化作用.因此,镍能延缓大豆离体叶片的衰老进程.  相似文献   

不同产量水平夏玉米杂交种对水分的生理响应研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王俊忠  栾丽敏; 李潮海  宁洪兴 《玉米科学》2002,10(2):067-070

在大田条件下,通过两不同产量水平玉米杂交种生育后期对水分的生理响应研究,结果表明不同品种对水分的生理响应差异明显.产量较高的郑单14(ZD14)对水分较为敏感,在足灌条件下具有较高的超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,较高的叶绿素及可溶性蛋白含量以及较低的丙二醛(MDA)含量;而产量较低的丹玉13(DY13)的SOD、POD活性和可溶性蛋白质含量均在节灌时最高,其次为足灌,干旱时最低。  相似文献   

Enzymes of Nitrogen Metabolism and Proteases Activity in Hairy Roots of Clover and Carrots,with and without Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi     

Sonia Regina de Souza  Eidy Simotildees de Souza  Ricardo Luis Louro Berbara  Manlio Silvestre Fernandes  Elvia Mariam Lis Martinez Stark 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1185-1204

Hairy roots can be used for metabolic studies and also as a substrate for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, little is known about the behavior of these roots when infected with AMF. The metabolism of hairy roots grown with or without AMF, on two culture media, was investigated. An increase in protease activity was observed when the roots were cultured on medium with high nitrogen (N)-content. Glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities increased along the development in both carrot and clover hairy roots. With the advancement of root senescence (at 132 d) a greater degradation of root tissue occurred, which was characterized by an increase in catabolic enzymes activity (proteases and GDH deamination). The results indicate that the glutamine synthetase/GOGAT pathway, characteristic of plant tissues, ceases to act in synchronism and is replaced by the GDH/GOGAT system under conditions of stress or senescence when excess ammonium is present.  相似文献   

6-BA调控叶片衰老的研究进展     

鲁绪才 《安徽农业科学》2013,41(9):3761-3762

叶片衰老将导致细胞内部激素失调、光合能力下降等,作物产量提高也因此受限。6-BA是一种CTKs类物质。它可作为活性氧清除剂使叶片衰老得以延迟。不同作物种类对6-BA的衰老延缓效果也不同。通过外施或增加体内CTKs的含量都能增强作物抗逆性和提升作物产量。通过基因工程的方法调节内源CTKs含量从而延缓叶片衰老的发展前景广阔。  相似文献   

Expression of Stay-Green encoding gene (BoSGR) during postharvest senescence of broccoli     

《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2014

Degreening caused by chlorophyll degradation is the most important feature that determines postharvest loss of quality in broccoli. Chlorophyll molecules are assembled to several thylakoid proteins, from which chlorophylls must be released in order to be catabolized. Stay-Green (SGR), a chloroplast-located protein, specifically interacts with light harvesting complex subunits helping toward their destabilization and to the release of chlorophylls. In this work, a fragment of a gene encoding a SGR from broccoli (BoSGR) was cloned. The expression of BoSGR was analyzed and detected an important increment during postharvest senescence, simultaneously with chlorophyll degradation. In order to analyze the effect of different growth regulators, different groups of broccoli heads were treated with cytokinins, ethylene and 1-MCP. Cytokinins and 1-MCP delayed the increment of BoSGR expression whereas ethylene accelerated the process. In addition, several postharvest treatments that delay degreening in broccoli florets were applied to evaluate their effects on BoSGR expression. Samples treated with modified atmosphere, hot air, UV-C or white lights showed a delay in chlorophyll degradation and degreening. In most cases, the treatments also delayed the increment of BoSGR expression during senescence, reaffirming the relationship between the expression of this gene and chlorophyll degradation.  相似文献   

Brassinosteroid-regulated plant growth and development and gene expression in soybean     

Wenchao Yin  Nana Dong  Mei Niu  Xiaoxing Zhang  Lulu Li  Jun Liu  Bin Liu  Hongning Tong 《作物学报(英文版)》2019,(3):411-418

  相似文献   

氮肥运筹比例对稻田套播强筋小麦产量及花后旗叶衰老的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱新开  郭凯泉  李春燕  封超年  彭永欣  郭文善 《麦类作物学报》2010,30(5):900-904

为给稻田套播小麦优质高产栽培提供理论依据,在江苏淮北地区通过大田试验,研究氮肥运筹比例对稻田套播强筋小麦花后旗叶叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,在总施氮量（240 kg·hm^-2）相同条件下,随拔节肥和孕穗肥施氮比例的上升,小麦产量、氮肥偏生产力（PFP）和氮肥农学效率（NAE）逐渐升高,但后期施肥比例过高,产量有所下降,以基肥∶分蘖肥∶拔节肥∶孕穗肥为3∶3∶2∶2的处理籽粒产量、PFP和NAE最高。随花后生育进程的推移,小麦旗叶叶绿素含量和SOD活性呈单峰曲线变化,MDA含量呈上升趋势。随拔节肥和孕穗肥施用比例的提高,旗叶叶绿素含量和SOD活性下降速率变缓,MDA含量上升速率也减缓。本试验条件下,基肥∶分蘖肥∶拔节肥∶孕穗肥施用比例为3∶3∶2∶2的氮肥运筹方式有利于减缓花后旗叶衰老,提升氮肥利用效率,提高粒重和产量。  相似文献   

阻止授粉诱导玉米衰老提前启动现象的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李明娜  吴连成  田磊  王顺喜  王赛  王宇宇  陈彦惠 《玉米科学》2017,25(5):9-18

利用豫816等8个玉米骨干自交系为材料,对授粉与未授粉处理自交系导致玉米衰老表型症状和叶片叶绿素含量变化以及衰老相关基因表达比较分析。结果表明,阻止授粉植株叶片与授粉对照相比,豫816和B73自交系表现出衰老提前启动的显著症状,启动衰老提前了17 d,说明阻止授粉对衰老启动具有明显诱导作用;郑58等6个自交系的阻止授粉与授粉对照植株叶片均为绿色,没有衰老症状的出现,说明阻止授粉不具有诱导衰老的作用。诱导衰老植株不同子粒结实率与启动衰老提前的天数密切相关,结实率为0~15%的未授粉植株具有启动衰老提早的诱导作用,结实率达到35%以上的植株则不具有启动衰老提早的诱导作用。6个玉米衰老相关基因差异表达的趋势与衰老表型症状变化趋势基本一致,存在1个基因差异表达与表型衰老症状呈现的时间窗口,可能参与了诱导玉米衰老的启动。  相似文献   

CaCl2对月季切花衰老的影响   总被引：44，自引：1，他引：43  

洪法水  赵海泉 《园艺学报》1999,26(1):62-64

用CaCl2处理月季切花可以延长瓶插寿命2-4d,CaCl2延缓切花衰老的生理效应表现为增强切花的保水能力;减少蛋白质降解;提高SOD、CAT、POD活性;降低膜脂过氧化水平,维持膜结构的相对稳定性,其中以1.5?Cl2处理效果较好。  相似文献