CA贮藏对新鲜石刁柏的影响   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

金同铭 《华北农学报》1992,7(3):117-122

用9种不同的CA条件与低温空气贮藏进行比较,结果证明用CA贮藏法进行石刁柏的贮藏保鲜是可行的。在设定的10个试验区中,当O_2浓度保持在21％的前提下,适当提高CO_2的浓度可提高贮藏效果。以21％O_2,30％CO:_2的贮藏条件保鲜效果较好。当CO_2浓度为0％时,O_2的浓度在1～0％之间保鲜效果最好。在10个试验区中,以空气条件下贮藏效果最差。  相似文献   

用改进的高盐低pH法分离和纯化棉花叶绿体及叶绿体DNA   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘少林  靖深蓉  郭立平  袁有禄  邢朝柱  王海林 《棉花学报》1997,(5)

报道了用改进的高盐低ｐＨ法分离和纯化棉花叶绿体及叶绿体ＤＮＡ的实验过程，即先在高盐（离子强度）介质下，通过ｐＨ值变换，多次洗涤的方法去除叶绿体表面的静电附着杂质，得到纯净的叶绿体；然后氯仿抽提纯化ＤＮＡ；最后采用界面针挑法得到高纯度的ｃｐＤＮＡ。实验过程中针对棉花的特点，采用ＰＶＰ排除棉酚和丹宁的干扰，用ＤＩＥＣＡ抑制酚氧化酶活性，并对实验细节作了较大改进。得到的ＤＮＡ可满足酶切、ＰＣＲ等分子生物学分析。  相似文献   

Resistance to the Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus Complex — Differential Genotypic Reactions and Genetics of BaMMV-Resistance of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)     

R. Götz  W. Friedt 《Plant Breeding》1993,111(2):125-131

Barley yellow mosaic disease is caused by several viruses, i.e. barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV), barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) and BaYMV-2. The reaction of different barley germplasms to the barley mosaic viruses was studied in field and greenhouse experiments. The results show a complex situation; some varieties are resistant to all the viruses, while others are resistant to one or two of them only. Crosses between different barley germplasms were earned out in order to test whether genetic diversity of resistance against mosaic viruses does exist, particularly, BaMMV. A total of 45 foreign barley varieties were crossed to German cultivars carrying the resistance gene ym4. In F₂ of 27 crosses, no segregation could be detected, leading to the conclusion that the resistance genes of the foreign parents are allelic with ym4 e.g. Ym1 (‘Mokusekko 3’) and Ym2 (‘Mihori Hadaka 3’). A total of 18 crosses segregated in F₂ indicating that foreign parents, like ‘Chikurin Ibaraki 1’, ‘Iwate Omugi 1’, and “Anson Barley”, carry resistance genes different from the gene of German cultivars, e.g. ‘Asorbia’ or ‘Franka’. By means of statistical evaluation (Chi²-test), the observed segregation ratios were analyzed in order to obtain significant information on the heredity of resistance. All the resistance genes described here as being different from the gene ym4, act recessively. Most of the exotic varieties seem to carry only one resistance gene. In a few cases, more than one gene may be present.  相似文献   

分子标记辅助选育抗稻白叶枯病的低温敏核不育系3178S   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

罗彦长  王守海  李成荃  张端品  吴爽  王德正  杜士云 《分子植物育种》2005,3(5):685-690

本研究以IRBB21为Xa21基因供体，籼型低温敏不育系399S为低温核不育系基因供体，采用杂交和回交方法，逐代用分子标记检测手段，导入广谱抗白叶枯病基因Xa21和低温敏核不育系基因，聚合双亲的有利性状，育成抗白叶枯病的籼型低温敏核不育系3178S，其抗性达到了IRBB21的抗性水平，且保持了399S稳定的育性和双亲的优良经济性状。  相似文献   

棉花烂铃病流行趋势超长期预报模型及其应用研究     

王昆 《棉花学报》1996,(6)

本文对ＧＭ（１，１）模型参数估计方法进行了改进和简化，据此组建了苏北沿海棉区棉花烂铃病流行趋势超长期预报模型，经１９８０～１９８９年回报和１９９０～１９９５年预报，棉花烂铃病流行轻、重发生的符合率达１００％；１９９６～２０００年预报结果为１９９８年和２０００年为重发生，其余３ａ为轻发生。这将为棉花烂铃病的研究和防治规划提供科学决策依据，也为ＧＭ（１，１）模型能在基层病虫测报站推广应用创造了条件。  相似文献   

Integration of AFLP markers into a linkage map of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J. Schondelmaier    G. Steinrücken  C. Jung 《Plant Breeding》1996,115(4):231-237

The AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique has been applied in establishing an extended linkage map of sugar beet. A total of 120 AFLPs were integrated into an existing linkage map based on RFLP markers. Four primer combinations yielded between 19 and 40 polymorphic bands in an F₂ population consisting of 94 plants. The AFLP loci were evenly distributed over the nine linkage groups, with the exception of linkage group V where the number of AFLPs was significantly low. The AFLPs were found to be reproducible even against the background of different combinations of Taq DNA polymerases and buffers. However, the quantity of higher molecular weight fragments (>400 bp) was reduced when using plant DNA of poor quality as a template. The results of these experiments are discussed, together with possible applications of AFLPs in sugar beet breeding.  相似文献   

魔芋试管微球茎成熟度对其储藏及萌发率的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张云峰  谢庆华  严胜柒  桑林  谢世清 《种子》2006,25(7):13-15

种子在母体植株上的干燥过程是种子完成从发育到萌发的一个重要转换点。魔芋组织培养中诱导试管微球茎过程中，在色泽上有1个明显的变化过程。本实验将这个过程分为3个阶段，对不同采收时期的微球茎进行储藏及萌发研究，结果表明，不同采收期的微球茎，储藏后的萌发率具有较大的差异，而且这种差异与魔芋种具有较大的相关性，这种差异与其保水性能有关。同时对试管微球茎收获度对储藏后萌发率影响的机制进行了初步的探讨。  相似文献   

self-(in)compatibility almond genotypes: A review   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mercè López  Francisco José Vargas  Ignasi Batlle 《Euphytica》2006,150(1-2):1-16

To compile self-(in)compatibility almond genotypes, a review of 133 commercial cultivars of wide geographical origin was made. The information gathered from own and mainly published work will be useful for both grower's cultivar choice when planting and for breeder's cross design when planning. The almond S genotypes compiled were identified using five different methods: biological (pollination tests in the field and in the laboratory) and molecular (RNases, PCR and sequencing). In most cases, genotypes were assigned after combining more than one technique. Cultivars were classified into three categories: self-incompatible (99), self-compatible (16) and doubtful self-incompatible (18). The database is divided in 9 fields (name, origin, parentage, obtention year (crossing, selection or release), S genotype, technique used, reference, consensus genotype, and cross incompatibility group). A study of the 27 S alleles already identified and their geographical distribution within the cultivated almond is also presented. The study was divided into cultivars of known and unknown parentage and the distribution of S alleles frequencies was uneven among the 133 cultivars. S allele frequencies are related to geographical origin. Some alleles (S ₁, S ₅, S ₇ and S ₈) are more frequently observed than the others among cultivars of both known and unknown parentage. In the cultivated almond, the S f allele is only found in the Puglia region, Italy. The S _f frequency is three times higher in cultivars released from breeding programmes than in cultivars selected by growers. From the 351 resulting possible genotypes by combination of the 27 S alleles identified only 20 CIG (0-XIX) have been established, which represents a small fraction of the whole genetic diversity of this polymorphic gene in almond.  相似文献   

A rapid chromatographic method for determining the glucosinolate content in crambe seed     

O. Leoni    S. Cinti    N. Aliano  E. D. Tittonel 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(6):517-520

Crambe abyssinica is becoming a reliable source of industrial oil with good technical characteristics because of its high erucic acid content. The possibility of using the industrial defatted meal of crambe as a feed could further promote the interest in this crop, but is prevented by the high glucosinolate content (70‐150 μmol/g). Therefore the possibility of reducing this parameter by selection was evaluated and a search for a new quick analytical procedure begun. When hydrolysed by myrosinase (thioglucoside glucohydrolase EC 3.2.3.1.), at pH 6.5 or higher, epiprogoitrin, the main glucosinolate in crambe seed (>90% of total glucosinolates), gives (5R)‐5‐vinyl‐1,3‐oxazolidine‐2‐thione quantitatively. The latter can be easily estimated by high‐performance liquid chromatography. This is the background of the proposed analytical procedure that permits rapid analysis of about 100 samples per day using about 25 mg of crambe meal (five seeds) for assay. The method can also be used to select for glucosinolate content in rapeseed and, probably with some adjustment, all crops that have a 2‐hydroxy‐glucosinolate as the main glucosinolate.  相似文献   

Participatory varietal selection in rice in Nepal in favourable agricultural environments – A comparison of two methods assessed by varietal adoption     

K.D. Joshi  J.R. Witcombe 《Euphytica》2002,127(3):445-458

Two participatory approaches to varietal selection were compared in February-sown (Chaite) rice and main-season rice in high potential production systems in Nepal. One method, called farmer managed participatory research (FAMPAR), was researcher intensive, while the other, called informal research and development (IRD), demanded fewer resources. The trials were conducted in 18 villages in high potential production systems in Chitwan and Nawalparasi districts of Nepal. Six new varieties of Chaite rice and 16 of main-season rice were tested in over 300 trials of Chaite rice and nearly 1100 trials of main-season rice over two years in 1997 and 1998. Surveys were done in 1997, 1998 and 1999 to record the extent of adoption and spread of the new rice varieties in the study villages. In many cases, farmers tested varieties for two years before deciding whether to adopt or drop them. Varieties were quite widely accepted, adopted for niches in a few villages, or rejected. The two participatory approaches identified the same varieties, but FAMPAR, which used formal survey methods, was more useful for diagnosing reasons for adoption or rejection. However, IRD used much cheaper anecdotal methods of evaluation, so it was more cost-effective. Moreover,farmer-to-farmer seed dissemination was higher in IRD villages, probably because farmers in FAMPAR villages felt that the project would re-supply seed if needed. The benefits from both approaches are considerable, but to adopt them substantial policy changes in varietal testing, release and extension systems will be required. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献