新疆尉犁县3株荒漠微藻的重金属抗性初步分析     

祖路皮亚·载买尔  阿曼古力·海瓦尔  吾甫尔·米吉提 《安徽农业科学》2015,(15)

[目的]筛选出对重金属抗性较好的微藻品系,给相关研究提供基础试验数据。[方法]利用光学显微镜和透射电镜确定XLD-B-3、XLD-B-9、XLD-B-12 3株荒漠微藻品系的细胞形态。在实验室条件下测定生长曲线,同时,测定不同浓度重金属(Hg2+、Cd2+、Pb2+)和抗生素(氨苄青霉素、四环素、链霉素)对3株微藻品系生长的影响,并确定最佳抗性浓度。[结果]3株品系的细胞均为球形,XLD-B-3的细胞个体大,XLD-B-9和XLD-B-12的细胞壁很厚。3株品系的生长周期较长;它们对重金属和抗生素均有一定的抗性,其中XLD-B-12对Hg2+和XLD-B-3对Pb2+的抗性最强,分别达到0.05和0.8 mmol/L,3株品系对Cd2+的抗性均达到0.05 mmol/L,对氨苄青霉素有很好的抗性,均达到1 000μg/ml,XLD-B-3对四环素和链霉素的抗性最强,分别为60与40μg/ml。[结论]该研究可为微藻和重金属的相互作用研究及荒漠微藻的纯化技术提供参考依据。  相似文献   

Variation in clearance and ingestion rates by larvae of the black-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera, L.) feeding on various microalgae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M.S. Doroudi  P.C. Southgate  & J.S. Lucas 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2003,9(1):11-16

Clearance rate (CR) and ingestion rate (IR) of different sizes (89, 125 and 188 μm shell length) of Pinctada margaritifera larvae were determined when feeding on various microalgae. The microalgae tested were the diatoms, Chaetoceros muelleri and C. simplex, and flagellates, Tahitian Isochrysis aff. galbana, Pavlova lutheri and P. salina at 5 or 10 cells μL^–1. Both CR and IR of microalgae tested in this study increased with increasing larval size; but at all larval sizes, diatoms resulted in lower CR and IR. Of the microalgae tested, P. margaritifera larvae showed greatest CR and IR with the two Pavlova spp. Maximum CR for P. salina was 10.5, 21.2 and 29.7 μL h^–1 for larvae with shell lengths of 89, 125 and 188 μm, respectively. The highest IR values for P. margaritifera larvae with shell lengths of 89, 125 and 188 μm were 8.7, 81.0 and 165.7 cells·larva^–1 h^–1, respectively. CR and IR of P. salina were approximately five times higher than those recorded for C. muelleri and C. simplex.  相似文献   

Combined effects of temperature and diet on growth and biochemical composition of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) spat     

Cecilia Flores-Vergara  Beatriz Cordero-Esquivel  Ana Nallely Cerón-Ortiz  & Bertha O Arredondo-Vega 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(12):1131-1140

Temperature and quality of the available food are important factors that influence the physiology of oysters; however, the combined effects have not been well studied. We evaluated the impacts of the temperature and diet on the growth, survival and biochemical composition in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas spat, cultured in the laboratory for 8 weeks at 23, 26, 29 and 32°C and fed Isochrysis sp.‐Pavlova lutheri (IP) and Dunaliella tertiolecta (Dt). The growth and biochemical composition showed a pattern, which changed in response to rising temperature. The shell length was significantly longer, in spat fed the IP diet, except at 32°C, where both diets produced poor growth results. The survival was <50% after 5 weeks at 32°C, whereas at all other temperatures it was >88%. High temperatures directly increased lipids and saturated fatty acids, while the proteins, carbohydrates and unsaturated fatty acids decreased. High temperatures achieved in the environment, as those reached on clear summer days during low tides, are an important stressor in oyster spat, especially when the quality of the available food is poor.  相似文献   

Oyster greening by outdoor mass culture of the diatom Haslea ostrearia Simonsen in enriched seawater     

V Turpin  J-M Robert  P Goulletquer  G Massé  & P Rosa 《Aquaculture Research》2001,32(10):801-809

Oyster greening was first described in the seventeenth century as a natural phenomenon. However, it has recently been discovered that the diatom Haslea ostrearia Simonsen causes greening by synthesis of a blue pigment designated as ‘marennine’. This phenomenon, which involves massive proliferation of H. ostrearia in oyster ponds, was not understood or controlled by oyster farmers in the Marennes‐Oléron region (Atlantic coast of France). As greening oysters improved their market value, they tried to develop empirical methods to guarantee oyster fattening and improve profits. In this context, the present study investigated the feasibility of mass culture of diatoms outdoors in 10‐m³ ponds, using enriched seawater. Different biotic and abiotic parameters were monitored daily to determine the influence of the day–night temperature range. After 8 days, H. ostrearia was the dominant diatom species (66%), reaching a mean cell concentration of 2 × 10⁵ cell mL^?1 and a marennine concentration of 3.4 mg L^?1. Although intensive greening was obtained, further studies are required to optimize the production stages before this technology can be transferred to oyster farmers.  相似文献   

不同型号酵母浸粉及补糖对异养微藻生长的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑世文  赵玉峰  毕生雷 《现代农业科技》2014,(8)

微藻在FM802、FM902和FM760 3种不同型号的安琪酵母浸粉配制的培养基中进行异养生长,培养条件为28℃、200 r/min的摇床中进行暗培养,培养过程中补糖1次,每隔24 h取样20 mL进行分析检测。结果表明:补糖情况下,型号为FM802的酵母浸粉比FM902培养微藻的效果稍好,FM760培养效果稍差;补糖有利于微藻干物质重的增加;在pH值为4.2~5.5的培养基中,微藻仍能快速生长。  相似文献   

Characterization of the digestive tract of wild ayu     

HEISUKE  NAKAGAWA  TETSUYA  UMINO  TAKASHI  SEKIMOTO  IRFAN  AMBAS  W LINN  MONTGOMERY  TAKETO  NAKANO 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(2):341-346

ABSTRACT: The gut and gut contents of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis caught in the Ohta River in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan were examined. Relative intestine length (intestine length/body length) was almost constant. Except for relative intestine length, characteristics of the gut of wild ayu were not significantly different from those of cultured ayu. The height of intestinal folds increased and their width declined from stomach to anus. Cyanobacteria ( Homoeathrix sp. and Calothrix sp.) and diatoms ( Cymbella sp., Gomphonema sp., Melosira sp., Navicula sp., and Synedra sp.) were well digested during passage through the gut despite a lack of apparent destruction. In contrast, green algae ( Dictyosphearium sp., Coelastrum sp., and Pediastrum sp.) exhibited little degradation. The pH of stomach contents ranged from 2.8 to 7.4 (mean ± SD = 4.1 ± 1.0), whereas that of the posterior intestine was 7.0–8.5 (7.9 ± 0.4). Gut contents of wild ayu increased with bodyweight, and were more than threefold greater than those of cultured ayu, suggesting that wild ayu compensate for low nutrient content of algae through the continuous ingestion of large quantities of feed organisms.  相似文献   

气浮分离技术在渔业生产中的应用与展望   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李秀辰  刘洋 《大连水产学院学报》2005,20(3):249-253

概述了气浮分离技术的研究进展,着重介绍了该项技术在养殖水体净化、微藻细胞提取和水产品加工废水处理等方面的应用情况,并对其发展和应用前景进行了阐述。  相似文献   

Composition and Quantitation of Microalgal Lipids by ERETIC 1H NMR Method     

Genoveffa Nuzzo  Carmela Gallo  Giuliana d’Ippolito  Adele Cutignano  Angela Sardo  Angelo Fontana 《Marine drugs》2013,11(10):3742-3753

Accurate characterization of biomass constituents is a crucial aspect of research in the biotechnological application of natural products. Here we report an efficient, fast and reproducible method for the identification and quantitation of fatty acids and complex lipids (triacylglycerols, glycolipids, phospholipids) in microalgae under investigation for the development of functional health products (probiotics, food ingredients, drugs, etc.) or third generation biofuels. The procedure consists of extraction of the biological matrix by modified Folch method and direct analysis of the resulting material by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR). The protocol uses a reference electronic signal as external standard (ERETIC method) and allows assessment of total lipid content, saturation degree and class distribution in both high throughput screening of algal collection and metabolic analysis during genetic or culturing studies. As proof of concept, the methodology was applied to the analysis of three microalgal species (Thalassiosira weissflogii, Cyclotella cryptica and Nannochloropsis salina) which drastically differ for the qualitative and quantitative composition of their fatty acid-based lipids.  相似文献   

底栖硅藻悬浮培养条件及活性物质研究进展     

曲青梅  邹宁 《安徽农业科学》2013,(33):13090-13093

底栖硅藻作为鲍鱼和海参的主要饵料,对鲍苗和海参的生长、变形和发育有极其重要的作用。从藻体中提取的活性成分具有独特的营养和药用价值,被广泛应用于许多领域。综述了悬浮培养条件对海洋底栖硅藻的生长和营养成分的影响,旨在为大规模悬浮培养底栖硅藻及其活性物质研究提供依据。  相似文献   

应用高通量测序技术分析拟穴青蟹肠道及其养殖环境菌群结构   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王贤丰  赵艳飞  宋志飞  钟声平  黄国强  童潼  聂振平  苏琼  杨家林 《中国水产科学》2017,24(6):1245-1253

采用基于Illumina Hi Seq测序平台的高通量测序技术,对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)肠道及其养殖池塘水体、底泥中细菌种类及丰度进行了研究。测序结果显示,3个样品共获得有效序列234575条,可聚类于2812个分类操作单元(OTUs),归属于拟穴青蟹肠道、养殖水体、池塘底泥样品的操作分类单元(OTU)个数分别为453、706和2547,其中有184个OTU均能在3个样品中检测到,在青蟹肠道和养殖水体、青蟹肠道和池塘底泥中分别检测到197和309个共有OTU。物种注释结果显示,拟穴青蟹肠道中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(39.96%)、柔膜菌门(Tenericutes)(23.09%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(16.58%);养殖水体中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(63.02%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(24.96%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(8.41%);池塘底泥中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(75.23%)、拟杆菌门(5.72%)和放线菌门(3.83%)。此外,对各样品中丰度最高的前10位OTU分析显示,不同样品中占优势地位的10种细菌在数据库(SILVA)缺乏相关已知序列,并且各样品中的优势细菌种类完全不同。实验结果表明拟穴青蟹肠道与其池塘养殖环境中菌群结构存在着密切的相关性,但肠道菌群同时具有一定的独立性,其优势细菌种类与养殖环境中优势细菌种类无关。本研究旨在为拟穴青蟹健康养殖和微生态调控提供实验依据。  相似文献