Antimicrobial Compounds from Eukaryotic Microalgae against Human Pathogens and Diseases in Aquaculture     

Charlotte Falaise  Cyrille Fran?ois  Marie-Agnès Travers  Benjamin Morga  Jo?l Haure  Réjean Tremblay  Fran?ois Turcotte  Pamela Pasetto  Romain Gastineau  Yann Hardivillier  Vincent Leignel  Jean-Luc Mouget 《Marine drugs》2016,14(9)

The search for novel compounds of marine origin has increased in the last decades for their application in various areas such as pharmaceutical, human or animal nutrition, cosmetics or bioenergy. In this context of blue technology development, microalgae are of particular interest due to their immense biodiversity and their relatively simple growth needs. In this review, we discuss about the promising use of microalgae and microalgal compounds as sources of natural antibiotics against human pathogens but also about their potential to limit microbial infections in aquaculture. An alternative to conventional antibiotics is needed as the microbial resistance to these drugs is increasing in humans and animals. Furthermore, using natural antibiotics for livestock could meet the consumer demand to avoid chemicals in food, would support a sustainable aquaculture and present the advantage of being environmentally friendly. Using natural and renewable microalgal compounds is still in its early days, but considering the important research development and rapid improvement in culture, extraction and purification processes, the valorization of microalgae will surely extend in the future.  相似文献   

小球藻对不同沼液添加量培养液的适应性及净化效果   总被引：1，自引：6，他引：1  

王忠江  隋超  王泽宇  王丽丽  张琪  吴婧  李岩 《农业工程学报》2017,33(3):221-226

以成分相对简单、未经灭菌的秸秆厌氧发酵后沼液和BG11培养基的混合液为培养液,以FACHB-5号和FACHB-8号小球藻为藻种,利用人工气候培养箱,在微藻培养温度为(26±1)℃,光照强度为4 000 lx,24 h连续光照,通气量为1.5 L/min,沼液添加比例为20%、30%和40%的条件下,系统研究秸秆厌氧发酵后沼液直接用于微藻养殖对微藻系统的影响。结果表明:试验采用的小球藻FACHB-8号藻种和FACHB-5号藻种均能较好地适应化学需氧量COD含量相对较高的秸秆厌氧发酵后沼液,但FACHB-8号藻种与FACHB-5号藻种相比对沼液的适应时间更短,适应能力更强;FACHB-8号藻种和FACHB-5号藻种均能较好的利用和转化沼液中的有机污染物,各试验组的COD去除率均大于90%,总氮去除率均大于96%,总磷去除率均大于92%。该研究可为沼液直接用于微藻养殖提供参考。  相似文献   

珠江河口区罗非鱼养殖池塘中浮游微藻的群落特征     

彭聪聪  李卓佳  曹煜成  文国樑  刘孝竹  胡晓娟 《农业环境保护》2012,(10):2019-2030

2009年5月至11月,在广州市番禺区海鸥岛对6口罗非鱼河口养殖池塘的微藻群落结构和水质因子进行定期采样分析,共检出微藻7门157种,其中绿藻67种,蓝藻34种,硅藻18种,甲藻5种,隐藻3种,裸藻28种,金藻2种。各池微藻优势种种类丰富,但不同门类优势种单胞体积差异较大,其中：数量优势种多为蓝藻类的威利颤藻、点形平裂藻、褐色念珠藻、圆胞束球藻、坚实微囊藻、不定微囊藻等和绿藻类的蛋白核小球藻、镰形纤维藻、空星藻等;生物量优势种多为裸藻类的鱼形裸藻、秋鳞孔藻、琵鹭扁裸藻、扭曲扁裸藻、糙膜陀螺藻和甲藻类的加顿多甲藻、多纹膝沟藻以及隐藻类的啮蚀隐藻、具尾蓝隐藻等;卷曲螺旋藻既是数量优势种又是生物量优势种。微藻数量和生物量在养殖前中期增加较快,物种多样性丰富,后期多呈较低水平,物种多样性也逐渐下降。养殖前中期各池微藻数量范围为（0.59～72.85）×107ind·L^-1,生物量范围为1.12～114.14mg·L^-1,多样性指数平均为2.98;养殖后期微藻数量范围为（16.29～67.37）×107ind·L^-1,生物量范围为6.57～67.76mg·L^-1,多样性指数平均为2.78。各池微藻数量或生物量多与COD、DIN等营养因子呈显著正相关关系。罗非鱼也可通过滤食作用有效影响池塘微藻群落结构和水质因子的变动。  相似文献   

Marine microalgae as dietary supplements in the culture of juvenile Chinese horseshoe crabs,Tachypleus tridentatus (Xiphosura)          下载免费PDF全文

Billy K Y Kwan  Alice K Y Chan  Siu Gin Cheung  Paul K S Shin 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3910-3924

Five treatments (short‐neck clam Ruditapes philippinarum and four formulated diets with the green microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta or the golden‐brown microalgae Isochrysis galbana in the ratio (dw/dw) of 5% or 10% to that of clam meat) were used to investigate the growth performance and haemolymph quality of juvenile Chinese horseshoe crabs Tachypleus tridentatus under laboratory culture. At the end of the 12‐week study, various growth and moulting indicators as well as haemolymph biochemical parameters did not show any significant differences among the treatments. Significantly higher percentages of haemolymph amoebocyte viability and granular‐spherical amoebocyte state were noted in both 5% and 10% I. galbana‐supplemented diets compared to that of clam meat. However, the percentages of these two haemolymph parameters in juveniles fed with D. tertiolecta decreased significantly at the end of the experiment. Such differences were attributed to the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), notably eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in I. galbana that was absent in D. tertiolecta and clam meat. Like many marine invertebrates, juvenile horseshoe crabs do not naturally obtain sufficient PUFAs from their diets to meet developmental and physiological needs; hence, supplementing microalgae with high levels of EPA in a protein‐rich diet boosts immune competence and the health status of juvenile horseshoe crabs while under culture.  相似文献   

温度对两种海洋微藻生长与多糖含量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

祁秋霞 《水产养殖》2011,32(1):20-23

通过对不同温度条件下的海洋微藻的生物量和多糖含量的研究,探索海洋微藻在不同温度下生长和多糖含量的变化规律,提高海洋微藻多糖的产量,增加其饵料价值。实验结果：20～25℃有利于微藻的生长,10～15℃则有利于微藻多糖的积累。不同的温度对微藻生长及体内多糖含量的变化有重要的影响。  相似文献   

Marine microalgae from biorefinery as a potential feed protein source for Atlantic salmon,common carp and whiteleg shrimp     

V. Kiron  W. Phromkunthong  M. Huntley  I. Archibald  G. De Scheemaker 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2012,18(5):521-531

Two marine algal products MAP3 and MAP8 were examined for their suitability as fishmeal protein substitutes in feeds of three prominent farmed species, through short‐term feeding studies. Algal meals were tested at 5 and 10% protein replacement levels for Atlantic salmon and at 25 and 40% for common carp and whiteleg shrimp. At the end of the 12‐week period, the growth and feed performance of the two fish species did not reveal any significant difference between those fish offered the algae‐based feed and those offered the control feed. The whole body proximate compositions of Atlantic salmon fed the control and algae‐based feeds were not significantly different. In common carp, the lipid content in the fish fed higher level of MAP3 was significantly lower than that of the fish fed the control feed. In whiteleg shrimp, at the end of the 9‐week feeding period, growth performance and feed utilization did not differ between the treatment groups. Protein content in the shrimp fed the higher level of MAP8 was significantly lower than that of shrimp on the control feed. The three species could accept the algal meals in their feeds at the tested levels, though there were some noticeable effects on body composition at higher inclusion levels.  相似文献   

浮游微藻生态调控技术在对虾养殖应用中的研究进展   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

曹煜成  李卓佳  杨莺莺  文国樑 《南方水产》2007,3(4):70-73

微藻技术是一项有机结合藻类生物学、藻类生态学及水生生态系统学的新兴生物技术,它以水体中的浮游微藻为对象,充分运用微藻的生理、生态特点,进而用以调控和优化水体生态环境。文章就当前在水产养殖领域中的微藻生态调控技术的相关研究进行了系统的综述,并对其在对虾养殖中的应用进行了展望。  相似文献   

合浦珠母贝对不同种类及浓度的单胞藻摄食与消化效果研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邓正华  姜松  张博  刘宝锁  黄桂菊  喻达辉 《南方水产科学》2016,(3):112-118

从单胞藻粒径大小、表面结构、生化组成及饵料浓度等角度开展了合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)对不同种类及浓度的单胞藻摄食与消化效果研究。投喂粒径大小相近的牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri)和湛江叉鞭金藻(Dicrateria zhanjiangensis)混合藻,粒径大小不同的亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)和海水小球藻(Marine chlorella)混合藻,用细胞计数法检测剩余混合藻中各单胞藻浓度。分别投喂以上4种不同浓度梯度的单胞藻,观察比较粪便中单胞藻消化状况。结果显示,合浦珠母贝对粒径大小相近的单胞藻没有表现出明显的选择性摄食(P0.05),对粒径较大的单胞藻摄食率明显高于粒径较小的单胞藻(P0.05);随着投喂单胞藻浓度的升高,合浦珠母贝对单胞藻的消化程度降低。  相似文献   

Exopolysaccharides from Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: Diversity of Strains,Production Strategies,and Applications     

Cline Laroche 《Marine drugs》2022,20(5)

Microalgae and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms that can produce/accumulate biomolecules with industrial interest. Among these molecules, EPSs are macromolecular polysaccharidic compounds that present biological activities and physico-chemical properties, allowing to consider their valorization in diverse commercial markets, such as cosmetic, therapeutic, nutraceutic, or hydrocolloids areas. The number of microalgae and cyanobacteria strains described to produce such EPSs has increased in recent years as, among the 256 producing strains gathered in this review, 86 were published in the last 10 years (~33%). Moreover, with the rise of research on microalgae EPSs, a variety of monosaccharides compositions have been discovered, highlighting the versatility of these organisms. If some production strategies can be applied to increase EPS production yields, it appears that case by case studies are needed to promote EPS synthesis by a strain, as many responses exist. This paper proposes an up-to-date state of the art of the diversity of microalgae and cyanobacteria EPS-producing strains, associated to the variability of compositions. The strategies for the production and extraction of the polymers are also discussed. Finally, an overview of the biological activities and physico-chemical properties allow one to consider their use on several commercial markets.  相似文献   

4种饵料微藻对水产养殖废水的净化效果研究     

刘庆辉  余祥勇  叶孝飞  李燚征  张鹤千  李祯 《水产科技情报》2021,48(5):267-273

为探究饵料微藻在养殖废水中的生长能力以及去除氮、磷的效果,选用牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri)、青岛大扁藻(Platymonas helgolandica)、绿色巴夫藻(Pavlova viridis)和海水小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)等4种微藻,在室内光照培养系统中进行了微藻净化养殖废水试验,试验时长为11 d。结果表明,绿色巴夫藻对NH_4~+-N和NO_2~--N去除效果最佳,最大去除率分别为88.35%和97.43%;海水小球藻对废水中PO_4~(3-)-P的去除率最高,为93.29%;就生长情况而言,绿色巴夫藻平均相对生长率最高,达到0.239 cells·mL~(-1)·d~(-1)。因此,在本试验条件下,可认为绿色巴夫藻是治理养殖废水的优势藻种。  相似文献