一种昆虫病原线虫共生菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐洁莲  李为 《中国生物防治》1987,(3)

从广东省阳江县的土壤中,分离到一种病原斯氏线虫(Steinernema sp.8503),从线虫3龄幼虫体,又分离出8503菌株。此菌为共生菌,革兰氏阴性、非孢子型杆菌,2.0～12.0×0.6～1.3微米,鞭毛为周毛,硝酸盐不产生亚硝酸盐,过氧化氢酶阴性,脲素酶阴性,磷酸脂酶阴性,卵磷酯酶阳性,七叶苷水解阳性,不具荧光,对昆虫有致病性,从一系列的生化特性和线虫的带菌率、细菌囊和细菌的形状、分布等检查,此菌为大肠杆菌科的Xenorhabdus nemalophilus。对促进线虫在人工培养基的繁殖,提高线虫的产量和毒力均有一定的价值。  相似文献   

斯氏线虫在进境原木害虫检疫处理上的应用前景     

胡学难吴佳教  荣晓东莫仁浩 梁帆 《昆虫天敌》2005,27(4):178-182

本文综述了我国进境原木上截获的主要害虫类群；总结了目前进境原木害虫的检疫处理技术；重点介绍了斯氏线虫Steinernema sp．对钻蛀性害虫的防治研究，探讨了斯氏线虫在进境原木害虫检疫处理上的应用前景，提出了应用斯氏线虫防治进境原木害虫所存在的问题及今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

应用苹果蠹蛾线虫防治荔枝拟木蠹蛾的研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

徐洁莲  杨平 《植物保护学报》1992,19(3):217-222

荔枝拟木蠹蛾(Arbela dea Swinhoe)是荔枝、龙眼等热带、亚热带果树及林木的常见害虫,其幼虫蛀茎或枝条成坑道,夜出啃食树的韧皮部为害。1988—1989年,作者应用苹果蠹蛾线虫(Steinernema carpocapsae A24)1—8×10~3条/ml水悬浮液,注射进荔枝拟木蠹蛾的坑道或喷雾至隧道,防治面积1500亩(100ha),防效达89%—100%,有效地压低了荔枝拟木蠹蛾在这地区的为害,是一种经济的、有效的生物防治手段。  相似文献   

对悬浮离心法回收昆虫病原线虫方法的改进   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

简恒  杨怀文 《中国生物防治》1995,11(1):13-16

本文对Ｓａｎｕｄｅｒｓ的悬浮离心回收线虫法进行了改进研究。保留第１次离心后上清液中含有的线虫，结果使小卷蛾线虫的平均回收率由３２．２％上升到６０．２％；离心处理对线虫的存活率及其对害虫的侵染率没有显著影响，但鞘的保持率有所降低。用浓度为２００ｇ／Ｌ盐液替代了浓度为４５４ｇ／Ｌ的糖液，对线虫回收率无影响，但成本可以降低。  相似文献   

芜菁夜蛾线虫在防治桃小食心虫上的应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

黎彦  刘峥  张桂兰  柴枫  宗靖 《植物保护学报》1993,20(4):337-342

应用芜菁夜蛾线虫Ｓｔｅｉｎｅｒｎｅｍａ ｆｅｌｔｉａｅ ａｇｒｏｔｅｓ防治桃小食心虫Ｃａｒｐｏｓｉｎａ ｎｉｐｏｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｗａｌｓｉｎｇｈａｍ的研究表明，线虫寄生桃小的温湿度范围：温度２０℃－３５℃，土壤含水量７％－１５％，以温度２５－３０℃，含水量１０％左右致死速度最快。此特性与桃小越冬幼虫出土所需求的条件相一致，肯定了应用线虫防治桃小在出土期为宜，线虫的施用量为每ｍ＾２６０－８０万头，持续  相似文献   

Note: Molecular identification of three entomopathogenic nematodes from turkey by PCR-RFLP of the ITS regions     

I. Alper Susurluk  Umut Toprak 《Phytoparasitica》2006,34(1):17-20

Molecular identification methods are widely used for the classification of organisms worldwide. Entomopathogenic nematodes are the most often isolated insect parasitic nematodes in the tropical and subtropical regions. In our investigation, PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction — Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) of the ITS region (Internal Transcribed Spacer) on the ribosomal (r) DNA of three entomopathogenic nematodes isolated from Ankara, Turkey, was analyzed for identification. The ITS region of rDNA was amplified by PCR and then digested with the following nine restriction enzymes: Alu I, Dde I, Hae III, Hha I, Hind III, Hinf I, Hpa II, Rsa I and Sau 3AI. The amplified and restricted sequences of the ITS regions were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and the RFLP patterns of these three species were shown in this study. According to our results, these species were identified asSteinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae andHeterorhabditis bacteriophora. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 4, 2005.  相似文献   

河北省昆虫病原线虫资源调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈书龙  李秀花  史均环 《中国生物防治》2006,22(1):40-44

采用大腊螟诱捕法，对采自河北省的1975个土样进行昆虫病原线虫分离。共分离出斯氏属线虫17个种群，异小杆属线虫49个种群，土壤带线虫率为3．34％。在斯氏属线虫中，其中格氏线虫有2个种群，新种A有一个种群，新种B有14个种群；而49个异小杆线虫种群均为嗜菌异小杆线虫。在河北南部邯郸及邢台地区，以斯氏线虫为主，而在中北部地区则以异小杆线虫为主。同时明确土样中的带线虫率与土壤植被以及土壤质地密切相关。未耕地以及以果树、蔬菜和大田作物为植被的土壤带线虫率分别为6．59％、5．13％、3．15％和2．9％；沙土、沙壤土、壤土以及粘土的带线虫率分别为8．57％、3．17％、3．36％和0。  相似文献   

不同卵密度与培养条件对夜蛾斯氏线虫侵染期幼虫形成的影响     

李秀花  马娟  林英杰  陈书龙 《中国生物防治》2007,23(4):328-332

利用24孔培养板研究不同营养水平、pH值、温度和卵密度对夜蛾斯氏线虫侵染期幼虫形成的影响。结果表明:在Ringer溶液中,无论卵密度高低,卵或初孵幼虫均很快死亡;在10%基本培养液营养水平条件下线虫的发育停滞在二龄阶段;20%~100%的基本培养液营养水平下,侵染期幼虫的形成比率同营养水平呈负相关,与线虫卵密度呈正相关;适宜线虫向发育期三龄幼虫发育的pH值为7~8,温度为20~25℃,高于或低于此pH值或温度范围均可促使侵染期幼虫的形成;夜蛾斯氏线虫在pH值小于5或温度高于30℃条件下会很快死亡。  相似文献   

应用斯氏线虫防治多纹豹蠢蛾的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄金水  郑惠成  杨怀文 《林业科学》1992,(1)

本文通过对斯氏属9个线虫品系在不同温度下对多纹豹蠹蛾侵染力的测定,筛选出Steinernema feltiae Beijing为最佳品系;它能寄生低、中、高龄幼虫及蛹;温度在25℃时线虫的侵染力最强,可在2-4d内把害虫致死;线虫在虫道内能主动扩散到8cm处毒杀寄主。供试的其它8个线虫品系也能不同程度地致死害虫,并在死虫体内增殖。线虫的使用剂量对多纹豹蠹蛾的致死速度及效果有影响,以每害虫1000条侵染期线虫为最适剂量。4种施用方法比较表明,用带线虫的塑料海绵塞虫孔效果好,操作、携带最方便;室内对多纹豹蠹蛾幼虫的致死率达100％,林间大区防治效果达88.6-97.0％。  相似文献   

Wood, nematodes, and the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora     

B.A Jaffee 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2004,36(7):1171-1178

Researchers have proposed that Arthrobotrys oligospora and related fungi trap soil nematodes to obtain nitrogen and thereby compete saprophytically for carbon and energy in nitrogen-poor environments, including litter and wood. The current study tested two hypotheses concerning this model. The first was that wood decomposition would be enhanced if both large numbers of nematodes (a potential nitrogen supply) and A. oligospora (a cellulolytic organism that can use that N supply) were present. The second was that A. oligospora trapping activity would increase if large numbers of nematodes were added to soil containing abundant carbon (a wood dowel or chip). Although the first hypothesis was supported by an in vitro experiment on agar (A. oligospora degraded much more wood when nematodes were present), neither hypothesis was supported by an experiment in vials containing field soil. In soil, wood decomposition was unaffected by the addition of A. oligospora or large numbers of nematodes. Whereas A. oligospora trapped virtually all nematodes added to agar cultures, it trapped few or no nematodes added to soil. Given that the fungal isolate was obtained from the same soil and that the fungus increased to large numbers (>1×10³ propagules g⁻¹ soil), the failure of A. oligospora to trap nematodes in soil is difficult to explain. Soil nitrate levels, however, were high (71 mg kg⁻¹), and it is possible that with lower nitrate levels, trapping in soil might be stimulated by wood and nematodes.  相似文献