排序方式： 共有57条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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草本能源植物修复重金属污染土壤的潜力 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
在北京郊区重金属轻度污染土地开展了柳枝稷、荻、芦竹、杂交狼尾草四种草本能源植物的规模化种植,分析其对砷、汞、铜、铬、铅、镉等六种重金属的富集能力与修复潜力。结果表明,四种草本能源植物均属于非超积累植物,但柳枝稷、荻、芦竹、杂交狼尾草的生物质产量较高,分别为23.23t.hm-2、28.22t.hm-2、47.08t.hm-2、59.22t.hm-2,且不受重金属轻度污染的明显负面影响,因此其重金属绝对富集量可观。杂交狼尾草对砷、汞、铜、铅、镉的绝对富集量分别为23.12g.hm-2、0.35g.hm-2、1132.62g.hm-2、95.18g.hm-2、6.07g.hm-2,芦竹对铬的绝对富集量达到1333.37g.hm-2。草本能源植物对重金属污染土壤具有一定的修复潜力,并以杂交狼尾草最大,芦竹、荻、柳枝稷次之。 相似文献
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柳枝稷苗期对氮素胁迫耐受性的综合评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为明确柳枝稷在缺氮处理下的耐受能力从而筛选出优质的种质资源,以13份柳枝稷种质为供试材料,在人工气候室中进行水培试验,通过相关农艺性状和生理指标等评价指标的测定,采用标准差系数赋予权重法对柳枝稷在胁迫下的表现做综合评价.结果表明:氮素胁迫对13个不同柳枝稷种质的总生物量、根长、净光合速率、叶绿素含量、叶表面积等指标具有显著抑制作用.标准差系数赋予权重法得出的各材料耐氮胁迫性依次为:BJ-4＞BJ-3＞ Forestbu rg＞ Pathfinder＞ BJ—5＞Blackwell＞ BJ—2＞Kanlow＞ Alamo＞ Cave—In-Rock＞ BJ—1＞Trailblazer＞BJ-6,评价结果与实际观测结果基本一致. 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(5):599-615
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a native warm-season (C4) grass that has the potential to be used as a bioenergy crop and reduce increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Continuous production and removal of switchgrass, however, may deplete soil fertility. A strategy of returning plant components higher in nutrients to the field during harvest may help maintain soil fertility. In this study, nutrient partitioning in switchgrass parts over time and their C and N mineralization patterns in soil were determined. Switchgrass (cv. Alamo) was harvested on a biweekly schedule from June to October, with plants from each harvest separated into six parts (top, middle, and bottom leaves and stems) for mineral and fiber analysis. Plant materials from three harvests were used in an incubation study to determine effects of plant component, age, and composition on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralization. Results indicated that a strategy of returning specific plant parts to the field would not substantially conserve soil nutrients without proportionally decreasing materials available for bioenergy production. Structural components (cell wall and cellulose) were dominant factors affecting the quantity of C mineralized. Approximately 50% of C added as switchgrass was mineralized after 100 days of incubation. Soil N immobilization was observed in all switchgrass plant part treatments. 相似文献
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Ali M. Missaoui Andrew H. Paterson Joseph H. Bouton 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(6):1291-1302
Information regarding the amount of genetic diversity is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of breeding programs and germplasm conservation efforts. Genetic variation between 21 switchgrass genotypes randomly selected from two lowland (‘Alamo’ and ‘Kanlow’) and one upland (‘Summer’) synthetic cultivars were estimated using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Comparison of 85 RFLP loci revealed 92% polymorphism between at least two genotypes from the upland and lowland ecotypes. Within ecotypes, the upland genotypes showed higher polymorphism than lowland genotypes (64% vs. 56%). ‘Kanlow’ had a lower percent of polymorphic loci than ‘Alamo’ (52% vs. 60%). Jaccard distances revealed higher genetic diversity between upland and lowland ecotypes than between genotypes within each ecotype. Hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward's minimum variance grouped the genotypes into two major clusters, one representing the upland group and the other the lowland group. Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast non-coding region trnL (UAA) intron sequences from 34 switchgrass accessions (6 upland cultivars, 2 lowland cultivars, and 26 accessions of unknown affiliation) produced a neighbor-joining dendrogram comprised of two major clusters with 99% bootstrap support. All accessions grouped in the same cluster with the lowland cultivars (‘Alamo’ and ‘Kanlow’) had a deletion of 49 nucleotides. Phenotypic identification of greenhouse-grown plants showed that all accessions with the deletion are of the lowland type. The deletion in trnL (UAA) sequences appears to be specific to lowland accessions and should be useful as a DNA marker for the classification of upland and lowland germplasm. 相似文献
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氮肥对挖沙废弃地能源草生长特性与生物质产量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
能源草是目前最具发展潜力的生物质资源之一,为获得能源草在华北地区边际土地种植过程中肥料效应方面的基础数据,在京郊挖沙废弃地上开展了能源草柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum L.)、荻(Triarrhena sacchariflora(Maxim.) Nakai)和芦竹(Arundo donax L.)的氮肥效应试验。结果表明:氮肥对边际土地上种植的3种能源草的株高、分蘖数量、叶片SPAD值和生物质产量均具有显著的促进作用(P<0.05);生物质产量与土壤氮素浓度之间的回归分析表明,在挖沙废弃地上获得柳枝稷、荻和芦竹最高生物质产量的适宜土壤氮素浓度分别为115.1mg·kg-1、131.0mg·kg-1、125.1mg·kg-1。 相似文献
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基于全球气候变化和能源危机的趋势,寻找新的替代能源已经成为应对气候变化的一种创新策略。柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum L.）是原产于北美的一种多年生C4能源植物,能够增加土壤碳固存,并且可用于提取和生产纤维素乙醇减少能源消耗。上世纪90年代初,柳枝稷在我国西北地区种植成功并表现出了良好的生态适应性。丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi,AMF）是一类广泛分布在土壤中与植物根系共生的真菌。这类微生物不但能够促进植物生长、提高其抗逆性,还能在植物-土壤系统碳转移和陆地生态系统碳氮循环过程中发挥重要作用。本文重点围绕丛枝菌根真菌的固碳机理、柳枝稷的作用与固碳机理、丛枝菌根真菌与柳枝稷的协同固碳机理及丛枝菌根真菌参与土壤碳氮循环等方面的内容做了详尽的综述,并为进一步开展有关丛枝菌根真菌与柳枝稷协同固碳机制的研究提出了建议。 相似文献
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为研究柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum)耐盐程度及其在盐胁迫处理下的生理和生长反应,选用2个柳枝稷品种‘Alamo’和‘Pathfinder’,采用3种中性盐(单盐NaCl, Na2SO4以及混合中性盐NaCl+Na2SO4),设0(CK), 50, 100, 200和300 mmol·L-15个盐浓度,分别对柳枝稷进行胁迫处理,测定胁迫7 d的叶绿素含量、质膜透性、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白,以及胁迫30 d的株高、分蘖、总根长、总根表面积、地上部和地下部干重.结果显示:低浓度(100 mmol·L-1)盐胁迫条件下,2品种柳枝稷均能从生理和生长等方面表现出积极适应胁迫生境的趋势;随着盐浓度的增加,2品种柳枝稷的生长和生理受到显著抑制,但2品种的柳枝稷对不同的盐分表现出的耐盐能力不尽相同.3种中性盐中,Na2SO4对柳枝稷的胁迫程度大于NaCl和混合中性盐. 相似文献
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为优化柳枝稷愈伤组织诱导培养条件,以柳枝稷成熟胚为外植体,通过正交设计,研究基因型、2,4-D、6-BA、基本培养基、碳源和pH等因素对柳枝稷成熟胚愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,6种因素中,2,4-D对柳枝稷成熟胚愈伤组织诱导的胚性愈伤率影响最大,6-BA次之,再次为基本培养基,而基因型、碳源和pH对胚性愈伤率影响较小。柳枝稷成熟胚愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基组合为2,4-D 5 mg/L,6-BA0.2mg/L,基本培养基B5或MS或N6以及基因型西稷3号。柳枝稷成熟胚愈伤组织诱导的胚性愈伤率与出愈率、愈伤组织鲜质量和干质量均呈显著正相关关系,出愈率与愈伤组织干质量和愈伤组织鲜质量无显著相关性。 相似文献
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