基于SRAP的西瓜种质资源遗传多样性评价     

李朋飞  霍秀爱  程永强  代亮  杨炳艳  段会军 《中国农业科技导报》2013,15(2):89-96

运用SRAP分子标记技术分析了80份西瓜种质资源的遗传多样性，28对不同的引物组合共扩增出308条谱带，其中多态性谱带68条。引物组合的多态性频率最低为9.1%，最高为45.5%，平均22.1%。基于全部材料的SRAP基因型数据评价品种间的遗传关系，80份西瓜种质的遗传相似系数变化范围在0.94～1.00之间，表明供试西瓜种质资源的遗传背景比较狭窄。利用NTSYS软件聚类分析，80份西瓜材料被划分为3个类群，类群间相似度较高。来源地不同的西瓜材料也被划分到一个类群，进一步说明供试材料遗传背景狭窄。西瓜育种要取得突破性进展，必须加强种质资源的引进与创新。  相似文献   

基于RFID的无公害蔬菜质量安全管理系统设计与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张保岩  李小刚  薛彬  刘庆辰  康双辉  于健美  赵丽辉 《天津农业科学》2013,(10):72-77

以RFID技术为依托,以农超对接中的“基地-加工企业-超市”为主要模式,围绕无公害蔬菜生产、包装、销售的主要环节,建立基于RFID的无公害蔬菜质量安全管理系统,实现对无公害蔬菜从产地到加工经营企业整个流程实施有效监管和追溯,增加对无公害蔬菜产品农药残留检测的密度和范围,及时依据检测结果做出准否上市的正确判断.  相似文献   

Improving survival of inter-generic grafts of nematode-susceptible watermelon cultivars and nematode-resistant Cucumis species     

Kgabo Pofu 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(4):383-386

Abstract

Inter-generic grafting of highly nematode susceptible watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cultivars onto nematode-resistant wild watermelon (Cucumis africanus) and wild cucumber (Cucumis myricoarpus) had on average 36% graft survival ratios, which was attributed to unequal stem diameters at the graft union. Cucumis species had smaller stem diameters at the graft union, whereas Citrullus had bigger ones. The objective of the study was to improve inter-generic graft compatibility of Citrullus and Cucumis through optimizing the sizes of stem diameters during grafting. Cucumis species were raised in a 160-hole seedling tray and primed seeds of Citrullus were raised in a 200-hole seedling tray seven days after emergence of Cucumis in order to reduce the stem diameters. At grafting, stem diameter ratios in various treatments were equal to one, whereas at 66 days after grafting the ratios were grater than one, with the exception of those of intact plants. Survival of grafts from grafting to 66 days after grafting was 100%, translating into relative improvement of 186%. Improved survival of grafts would invariably promote the potential uses of inter-generic grafting among wild and cultivated watermelon in management of soil-borne pathogens.  相似文献   

高职院校思想政治理论课“双五步”案例教学法特点和功能分析     

陈东旭 《吉林农业科技学院学报》2013,(3):81-84

思想政治理论课在培养高端技能型人才方面具有不可替代的作用,在高职院校思想政治理论课中推行“双五步案例教学法”,对激发学生学习的积极性和主动性方面收到了事半功倍的效果.“双五步”案例教学法强调以学生为中心、以问题为轴心、以能力为核心；强调全过程、全覆盖、全五动.“双五步”案例教学法具有教育功能、桥梁功能和拓展功能,有待进一步总结、完善和提升.  相似文献   

Towards an integrative biology research: a case study on adaptive and evolutionary trends of Miscanthus populations in Taiwan     

Chang-Hung Chou  Tseng-Yu Chiang  Yu-Chung Chiang 《Weed Biology and Management》2001,1(2):81-88

A program of research named Towards an Integrative Biology (TAIB) has recently been promoted by the International Union of Biological Sciences, involving multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research. Studies of Miscanthus plants which emphasized the TAIB theme were undertaken. Miscanthus species are the most widely distributed and dominant species in Taiwan, growing everywhere from the coastal to mountainous areas, and from agricultural to polluted land. Particularly, the grasses grow well in habitats under environmental stresses. Physiological and genetic adaptations are fundamental mechanisms for these grasses' survival in stressful environments. Findings based on field measurements and laboratory analyses were able to elucidate some of the mechanisms of grasses adapted to stressful environments. Adaptive radiation occurred when most niches were open during the postglacial periods. Particularly, population discontinuity of the grasses was found on the Orchid and Green islets of Taiwan. Likewise, Miscanthus sinensis var. glaber and var. formosanus occupied lands from low to middle elevations of Taiwan, while Miscanthus transmorrisonensis appeared in the highlands above 2400 m. Phylogenetically, Miscanthus has evolved into various ecotypes, varieties and species in Taiwan as well as in other parts of Asia. The grass then evolved into Miscanthus floridulus , M. sinensis var. formosanus , Miscanthus flavidus , then to M. transmorrisonensis . Furthermore, the phylogeny of the Miscanthus sinensis complex of Taiwan was reconstructed by cladistic analysis on nucleotide sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (nrDNA ITS) region and atpB - rbc L non-coding spacer of the chloroplast DNA. Rooted at M . floridulus the monophyly of M . sineneis was significantly supported by molecular evidence. The origin of this complex could be dated to the last glacial withdrawal about 20 000 years ago.  相似文献   

台湾75毛豆病毒病防治技术研究     

李华  杜金歧  刘彬  马丽云  朱水荣 《中国植保导刊》2001,21(11):12-14

研究表明,台湾75毛豆病毒病主要由蚜虫传毒而致,其发生与蚜虫的成虫迁飞时间与发生量关系极为密切.若成虫高峰正遇毛豆1、2叶展平期,毛豆上落蚜量大,发生就重.所以早播的重于迟播的,露地栽培重于套播的.防治上应以栽培避蚜为主,药剂防治为辅,才可取得理想效果.  相似文献   

北京地区西瓜枯萎病生理小种分化研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周凤珍  康国斌 《植物保护》1996,22(4):14-16

对在北京大兴、顺义、通县等西瓜主产区采集，经单孢分离得到的８个西瓜枯萎病菌株进行了生理小种分化研究。应用国际通用的３个鉴别寄主ＳｕｇａｒＢａｂｙ、ｃｈａｒｌｅｓｔｏｎＧｒａｙ、ｃａｌｈｏｕｒＧｒａｙ和国内京欣１号、苏蜜１号２个品种，采用全国协作组统一的苗期抗病鉴定方法，进行人工接种鉴定。结果表明北京地区西瓜枯萎病菌株均系同一生理型，为西瓜枯萎病生理小种１号。  相似文献   

种子处理对籽瓜细菌性果斑病防治效果的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王钦英  李国英  任毓忠  姚慧贤  王付成 《北方园艺》2006,(2):21-23

籽瓜细菌性果斑病(Acidovorax avenae subsp.citrulli)是近年来在新疆出现的一种检疫性病害,种子带菌是该病传播的重要方式之一.通过对市售的带有细菌性果斑病的籽瓜种子进行不同温度及不同药剂的处理,经温室种植测定,计算出各种处理方法对籽瓜果斑病的防治效果.结果显示50℃湿热处理30min;60℃干热处理4h,以及2%的HCl处理20min对防治籽瓜细菌性果斑病种子带菌具有良好的效果,各生产单位可以根据实际情况选择合适的方法,以减轻细菌性果斑病的危害和蔓延.  相似文献   

黑皮黄瓤小西瓜新品种雪峰小玉8号的选育     

莫小平  唐社章  邓大成  杨神喜  匡华夫 《中国瓜菜》2007,(5):14-17

雪峰小玉8号是湖南省瓜类研究所最新育成的长椭圆形、黑皮、黄瓤、耐贮运二倍体小果型西瓜新品种。植株生长势强,抗病抗逆性强,坐果性好。全生育期85d左右,果实发育期25d左右。皮厚约0.7cm,果皮硬度26kg/cm2,不裂果;中心可溶性固形物含量12%～13%;单果重2～3kg,667m2产量2000～3500kg。2007年2月通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。  相似文献   

转基因抗病毒病四倍体西瓜的培育   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

黄学森  牛胜鸟  王锡民  于嘉林  赵福兴  王生有  翟光明  蔡晓雨  师范生  曹永刚  许艳  郑芳  王小红  金霞 《中国瓜菜》2007,(6):1-4

利用西瓜花叶病毒2号(WMV-2)外壳蛋白(CP)基因、小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(ZYMV)复制酶(NIb)基因和黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)复制酶基因构建三价基因的植物表达载体,通过农杆菌介导转化四倍体西瓜植株,经分子检测证明目的基因成功地导入西瓜植株,并在后代中稳定遗传。经温室及大田接种鉴定,T3代转基因西瓜抗病毒性达中抗水平,为抗病毒无籽西瓜新品种的培育提供了可能性。  相似文献