江苏省水稻品种对稻曲病的抗病性鉴定及病菌致病力分化   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陈志谊  聂亚锋  刘永锋 《江苏农业学报》2009,25(4)

用人工注射接种的方法鉴定了江苏省主要水稻品种对稻曲病的抗病性,研究了稻曲病菌的致病力分化.结果表明:在198个品种中,盐稻1201、南京17113等44个品种对稻曲病表现为完全免疫(CI);淮66、常优008、淮68等34个品种表现为高抗(HR);寸三粒、香优953等29个品种表现为抗病(R);A2、芒小白万等37个品种表现为中抗(MR);香子糯、早插稻等31个品种为中感(MS);天丰优559、盐优1120等15个品种表现为感病(S);黄壳油占、小红粳、CVR4等8个品种表现为高感(HS).用46个单孢菌株分别对粤938、淮9508、武运粳3号3个已知不同抗性品种进行致病力分化的研究,结果表明不同抗病性的品种对同一菌株的反应差异较大,不同菌株对同一品种的致病力有显著差异,致病力分化较明显.  相似文献   

不同杀菌剂对水稻稻曲病菌的室内毒力及田间药效   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

阮宏椿  杨秀娟  石妞妞  杜宜新  甘林  陈福如 《福建农业学报》2013,28(6):580-583

采用生长速率法测定19种杀菌剂和苯醚甲环唑.井冈霉素A混配剂对水稻稻曲病菌的室内毒力,选择其中较好的8种药剂进行田间防效试验。结果表明:丙环唑、肟菌酯、咪鲜胺、戊唑醇、啶氧菌酯、嘧菌酯和苯醚甲环唑对稻曲病菌菌丝的抑制作用较强,EC50值分别为0.025 4、0.032 8、0.041 8、0.045 1、0.082 6、0.100 1和0.148 2mg.L-1;苯醚甲环唑和井冈霉素A按1∶2的比例混配增效作用非常明显,混剂共毒系数为174.78,EC50值为0.226 3mg.L-1;43%戊唑醇SC、25%嘧菌酯SC、25%咪鲜胺EC、8%井冈霉素A.4%苯醚甲环唑WP和25%丙环唑EC田间防效较好,分别为83.27%、82.76%、82.73%、80.66%和80.35%。  相似文献   

水稻品种构成对稻曲病菌遗传结构影响的初步研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

潘雅姣  王疏  杨皓  刘小舟  谢学文  周永力 《植物病理学报》2007,37(2):214-216

由稻曲病菌（Ustilaginoidea virens）引起的病害是当前限制我国水稻优质高产的重要病害之一。家畜食用被稻曲病菌厚垣孢子污染的谷物可导致中毒。近20年来，稻曲病防治主要以喷施化学农药为主。研究品种布局对稻曲病菌群体结构的影响，有助于了解病害的发生规律及提出有效的病害防治策略。本文初步分析了稻曲病菌群体结构与水稻品种构成的关系。  相似文献   

绿粘帚霉抗生生物型GVP的选育     

邱德勋  段官安 《东北林业大学学报》1991,19(4):13-20

经紫外光和五氯硝基苯(PCNB)复合处理绿粘帚霉(Gliocladium virens)野生菌株Fo51,获得耐PCNB、抗立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)的生物型—绿粘帚霉抗生物型(GVP)。(GVP)的生长、产孢、分生孢子萌发及在平板上对立枯丝菌的抗生作用等均明显优于野生菌株Fo51,25℃,PH5.0,含水量20％—25％及含有机物的土壤最适合于GVP在土壤中的增殖。  相似文献   

稻曲病的侵染途径研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

缪巧明 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,7(1):40-42

 本文通过在水稻的不同生育期用厚垣孢子进行人工接种,探讨稻曲病的侵染途径及厚垣孢子在侵染过程中的作用.结果表明,在水稻幼芽期及抽穗期用黄绿色厚垣孢子接种,都能使其发病.而且在幼芽1～3mm 时接种的比4～6mm 接种的发病率高.用当年的自然孢子及头一年在试验室内保存的孢子在抽穗期接种,也都能使水稻发病.  相似文献   

绿粘帚霉(Gliocladium virens)厚垣孢子的生物学特性     

谯天敏  朱天辉  李芳莲  刘富平  张毓红 《四川农业大学学报》2006,24(2):166-170

主要研究绿粘帚霉厚垣孢子的诱导因素及其生物学特性。营养条件和生态因子试验表明,PD为绿粘帚霉产厚垣孢子的最佳培养基,厚垣孢子产生的最适培养条件为:光照、振荡、pH 3、30℃,在此条件下可完全抑制其分生孢子的产生,并在1周内可产生厚垣孢子8.00×106个/mL;厚垣孢子萌发试验显示,25℃、pH为6~8为绿粘帚霉厚垣孢子的最佳萌发条件,48 h时可达90%以上的萌发率,在5℃下贮存比较适宜。  相似文献   

稻曲病菌核的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

缪巧明 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,9(2):101-104

 本文对稻曲病菌核做了发芽、子实体形成等研究。在一定湿度和光照条件下,菌核发芽产生子实体,主要取决于温度的高低。形成子实体的最适温度为26～28℃。在土表或土表下2～3cm的菌核均可发芽形成子实体。所产生的子囊孢子可成为稻曲病的初次侵染来源之一。  相似文献   

Effect of calcined lime (CaO) on chlamydospores of the rice false smut pathogen,Villosiclava virens,and their root attachment and infection     

Hirokazu Nakajima  Takayuki Mitsunaga  Taketo Ashizawa 《Plant pathology》2021,70(5):1098-1109

Rice false smut caused by Villosiclava virens is a devastating disease. The smut balls contain chlamydospores, which fall onto paddy soils to become the primary inoculum. After transplanting, the chlamydospores subsequently germinate and infect rice roots. The application of a CaO-containing fertilizer to paddy soils can inhibit the development of rice false smut disease; however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the suppression of chlamydospore behaviour due to CaO. Specifically, we clarified the effects of the following on chlamydospore morphology and germination: (a) pH, (b) calcium (Ca) concentration, (c) Ca concentration (pH adjusted to 6.5), and (d) CaO-added soil solution. Germination was suppressed at pH 4 and 10, in contrast with the normal germination at pH 6, 7, and 8. Treatments with more than 10 mg/L Ca melted the outer layer of chlamydospores and suppressed germination regardless of whether the pH was adjusted to 6.5. A saturated CaO solution induced bursting of chlamydospores. Suppressed germination and a melted outer chlamydospore layer were also observed, even though the soil buffering effect initially prevented the CaO-mediated pH increase. Furthermore, the chlamydospores within 15 mm from the CaO small lump exhibited suppressed germination in soil. In addition, there was no effect of CaO treatment on chlamydospore attachment to rice roots and hyphal invasion of rice roots in in vitro inoculation tests. These results suggest that Ca concentration is an important factor for inhibiting the occurrence of rice false smut disease.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of isolates of the rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens in India     

Manas Kumar Bag  Anuprita Ray  Prahlad Masurkar  B. N. Devanna  C. Parameswaran  Mathew Baite  Prakash Chandra Rath  Amaresh Nayak 《Plant pathology》2021,70(5):1085-1097

Genetic diversity assessment and population structure analysis are essential for characterization of pathogens and their isolates. Markers are essential tools for exploring genetic variation among the isolates. False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, formerly Villosiclava virens, is a major emerging disease of rice in India. A high level of variability is observed at the field level, but no information is available from India on genetic diversity and population structure. This is the first report of genetic diversity and population structure of U. virens from India that included 63 isolates distributed across the vast geographical area of eastern and north-eastern India (18.9 to 26.7°N and 82.6 to 94.2°E). Seventeen RAPDs and 14 SSRs were identified as polymorphic and a total of 140 alleles were detected across the populations. The average number of alleles per locus for each primer was 4.5. All the isolates were grouped into two major clusters, with partial geographical segregation that was supported by principal coordinate analysis. Mantel test suggested genetic distance within the isolates increased with increasing geographical distance. Analysis of molecular variation showed more genetic variation within populations and less among populations. This outcome will help in understanding genetic diversity of U. virens from eastern and north-eastern India and in planning effective management strategies.  相似文献   

四川省稻曲病菌的群体遗传结构   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

卢代华  陈元平  王剑  王平  姚琳  叶慧丽  胡容平  陈宇  毛建辉 《西南农业学报》2013,26(3)

采用AFLP(Amplified fragmentlength polymorphism)技术分析了来自四川14个不同水稻种植区和50个不同籼型杂交稻稻曲病菌(Ustilaginoidea virens)的遗传多样性.20对选择性扩增EcoR Ⅰ和Mse Ⅰ引物组合稻曲病菌株可产生40 ～56条DNA带,75个菌株共产生192条清晰可见的DNA带型,其中多态性121条,占总数的63.02％.结果表明:不同地理来源稻曲病菌可能具有相同的遗传群体结构,也显示特异性的群体遗传特征;稻曲病菌遗传结构与寄主品种关系不大,没有表现明显的专化性互作;稻曲病菌不同的遗传群体之间菌株的致病性存在很大差异,即使同一遗传群的不同亚群或同一亚群的不同次亚群之间的菌株致病性也显著不同.  相似文献